恒河猴(Macaca mulatta)生殖周期内性类固醇激素分泌规律的研究

本文用放射免疫测定法对7只雌性恒河猴(Macaca mulatta)的20个月经周期进行了雌二醇、孕酮和睾酮的动态测定分析,其中15个月经周期的中期都有睾酮和雌二醇峰(其峰值分别为1010.7±411.3pg/ml和179.1±91.3pg/ml),孕酮在黄体期的峰值为2.54±0.65ng/ml。正常黄体期的血清孕酮水平不低于1ng/ml。20个月经周期的平均天数为28.6±5.4天,滤泡期和黄体期分别为11.9±2,6和19.2±6.3天。月经周期可用公式Y=18.92±0.03×X~2 (Y:月经周期,X:黄体期。R=0.9444)表示。实验结果表明,测定周期内三种性类固醇激素可以准确确定排卵。睾酮在生殖周期内的分泌调节机制还待进一步研究。     

时间分辨免疫荧光分析测定人血清铁蛋白

用一种新型非放射性免疫分析——时间分辨荧光免疫分析法测定人血清铁蛋白含量。方法灵敏度达2ng/ml;测量范围5—1500ng/ml;批内、批间变异系数分别为7.1±0.8％和10.0±1.3％(x±SD);回收率为98.4±7.4％。测定值与RIA法测定值比较,相关性良好。     

急性肝功能衰竭大鼠胃肠道细菌培养结果分析

目的用硫代乙酰胺诱导急性肝功能衰竭大鼠模型,作胃肠道细菌培养,同时测定门静脉内毒素水平,以探讨肠道菌群与内毒素血症的关系 .方法 SD大鼠40只,随机分成2组,正常对照组15只,肝衰竭组25只.肝衰竭硫代乙酰胺按300 mg/kg皮下注射(30 mg/ml配制),每天1次,连续2 d.对照组用生理盐水作对照 .两组同时实验,第3天剖腹作胃肠冲洗液细菌培养及门静脉内毒素测定.结果[ HT SS 两组大鼠门静脉内毒素水平分别为 正常对照组(29.33±18.50)ng/L;肝功能衰竭组(105.81±18.82)ng/L (较正常对照组明显升高P＜0.01).两组大鼠胃小肠细菌培养结果细菌总数正常对照组胃(1.69±0.85)(lg n/ml),空肠(2.12±0.54)(l g n/ml),回肠(3.04±0.58)(lg n/ml);肝功能衰竭组胃(2.94±0.98)(lg n/ml), 空肠(3.60±1.12)(lg n/ ml),回肠(4.88±1.56)(lg n/ml)(较正常对照组明显增多 P＜0.05).肠杆菌数正常对照组胃(0.83±0.59)(lg n/ml),空肠(1.13±0.9 8)(lg n /ml),回肠(2.13±1.44)(lg n/ml);肝功能衰竭组胃(2.48±1.06)(lg n/ml),空肠 (2. 79±0.35)(lg n/ml),回肠(4.4±0.61)(lg n/ml)(较正常对照组明显增多,其中胃、空肠P＜0.05,回肠P＜0.001).结论由硫代乙酰胺诱导的大鼠急性肝功能衰竭模型肠道细菌上移过度生长,细菌菌落总数及肠杆菌数明显增多, 门静脉内毒素水平明显增高,且肠道菌群紊乱与内毒素血症有密切关系.     

不同饲毒法测定Bt8010毒力效价研究

以棉铃虫初孵幼虫为供试虫,用合成饲料和天然饲料两种饲毒法,CS3ab-1991（毒力效价Ha 15000IU/mg)为标准品对Bt 8010粉剂进行毒力测定,饲毒后的供试虫在30℃恒温下培育72小时,合成饲料饲毒法测定的CS3ab-1991 LC50=108.6±10.8μg/ml,Bt8010 LC50=197.1±15.6μg/ml,毒力效价8273.1±715.8Ha IU/mg,天然饲料饲毒法测定的CS3ab-1991 LC50=406.3±47.5μg/ml,Bt8010 LC50=705.0±86.8μg/ml,毒力效价8633.2±871.8Ha IU/mg。     

羊毛生物整理复合酶L86发酵工艺优化研究

采用L9（34）正交试验对L86复合酶生产菌的发酵培养基进行优化、并通过溶氧浓度调节和中期补加蛋白水解液对发酵过程进行调控。结果表明较优的培养基组成为（g/100ml）：黄豆粉4.0、玉米粉1.0、鱼粉0.6、蚕蛹粉0.6、CaCl20.5、NH4Cl1.0、Na2HPO4·2H2O 0.4;通气量控制30h前1:0.5、30-50h1:1.0、50h后1:1.2 v/v/m。在上述条件下摇瓶,酸性蛋白酶酶活10000u/ml、纤维素CMC酶3600u/ml;在0.5m3搅拌罐中扩大中试平均发酵单位酸性蛋白酶5500u/ml、纤维素CMC酶2200u/ml。     

大鼠血小板中的神经肽Y及其对血管收缩的影响

特异性放射免疫分析显示大鼠血小板与富血小板血浆(PRP)分别含NPY免疫活性物质90±16ng/10~7血小板与93±19ng/ml,大大高于普通血浆(1.2±0.1ng/ml)与贫血小板血浆(PPP)(1.7±0.3 ng/ml)中的含量(P<0.001)。血小板样品HPLC各馏分的NPY放免活性峰位与标准NPY的峰位相符。PRP经胶原最大程度聚集后,血小板内的NPY浓度降为34±5 ng/10~7血小板,而PPP中的NPY浓度则升高到26±4 ng/ml。1.6 ml PRP经胶原作用产生最大程度聚集,由此分离所得的PPP引起离体灌流大鼠尾动脉收缩,张力上升380±80 mg;上述PPP经NPY抗血清处理后引起尾动脉收缩的幅度显著减小(190±40 mg,P<0.001)。而1 nmol/L人工合成NPY并不引起血管收缩。结果表明大鼠血小板中含有大量NPY,在不可逆聚集时可以释放,释放的NPY可能参与血小板聚集时释放物质的缩血管效应。     

恒河猴(Macaca mulatta)生殖周期内性类固醇激素分泌规律的研究

本文用放射免疫测定法对7只雌性恒河猴(Macaca mulatta)的20个月经周期进行了雌二醇,孕酮和睾酮的动态测定分析,其中15个月经周期的中期都有睾酮和雌二酮峰(其峰值分别为1010.7±0.65ng/ml. 正常黄体期的血清孕酮水平不低于1ng/ml. 20个月经周期的平均天数为28.6±5.4天, 滤泡期和黄体期分别为11.9±2.6和19.2±6.3天. 月经周期可用公式Y=18.92±0.03×X²(Y:月经周期,X: 黄体期. R=0.9444)表示.实验结果表明, 测定周期内三种性类固醇激素可以准确确定排卵.睾酮在生殖受气内的分泌调节机制还待进一步研究.     

消炎痛对四氧嘧啶引起的大鼠糖尿病的保护作用

本工作观察了预先给予消炎痛对四氧嘧啶引起的糖尿病大鼠血糖、血清胰岛素和胰高血糖素浓度的影响。结果表明:预先皮下注射消炎痛能使糖尿病大鼠血糖浓度明显降低,并且具有明显的量效关系。在消炎痛剂量5,10,15mg/kg时,注射四氧嘧啶48h后血糖浓度由对照组的591.5±38.2mg％分别降低到559.1±53.2,463.2±16.6和266.6±29.9mg％。在注射消炎痛10mg/kg的实验组,血清胰岛素浓度由对照组的10.5±2.7μU/ml增加到31.9±7.0μU/ml,胰高血糖素由对照组的550.0±27.0pg/ml降低到303.1±22.9pg/ml。组织学观察结果表明,消炎痛对四氧嘧啶引起的大鼠胰岛β细胞的损伤具有显著的保护作用。     

白介素-2对离体右心室乳头肌的作用及其机制

目的 :研究白介素 2 (IL 2 )对心肌跨膜电位和收缩作用的影响及其可能机制。方法 :在离体灌流大鼠右心室乳头肌标本上 ,采用常规细胞内玻璃微电极技术 ,观察IL 2 (0 .5～ 2 0 0u/ml)灌流 10min对心肌细胞跨膜电位的影响 ,并记录乳头肌收缩力变化。结果 :IL 2缩短心肌动作电位时程 (APD50 和APD80 ) ,但对静息电位、动作电位 0期去极化幅度及其速度无明显影响。IL 2呈剂量依赖性地抑制心肌收缩力 ,0 .5、2 .5、10、5 0和 2 0 0u/ml的IL 2分别使乳头肌收缩力下降至加药前的 94 .8%± 6 .8%、85 .8%± 6 .5 %、76 .3%± 7.8%、6 9.3%± 9.5 %和 5 2 .5 %±11.0 %。L NAME(10 -4mol/L)预处理 10min ,完全阻断较低浓度 (u/ml)IL 2 (0 .5、2 .5、10 )的心肌抑制作用 ,部分阻断高浓度IL 2 (5 0u/ml和 2 0 0u/ml)的作用。结论 :IL 2对离体右心室乳头肌的动作电位时程和收缩力有抑制作用 ,其负性变力作用与NO途径有关     

TLR4 在四氯化碳诱导的肝硬化大鼠骨髓血窦内皮细胞的表达

目的：检测Toll样受体4(TLR4)在四氯化碳诱导的肝硬化大鼠骨髓血窦内皮细胞的表达,为进一步研究肝硬化时骨髓损伤 的发生机制提供实验依据。方法：选择Wistar大鼠给予腹腔注射CCl4,一周两次,建立肝硬化大鼠模型。分别于建模8 周和12 周 检测大鼠血浆内毒素的水平,免疫组化检测大鼠骨髓血窦内皮细胞上TLR4 的表达情况,RT-PCR 测定骨髓组织中TLR4 mRNA 的表达,分析TLR4 的表达与内毒素血症间的关系。结果：给予CCl4 8 周和12 周时,对照组大鼠血浆内毒素水平分别为(0.216± 0.024) Eu/ml 和(0.133± 0.022) Eu/ml,模型组大鼠血浆内毒素水平分别为(0.626± 0.021) Eu/ml 和(0.725± 0.031) Eu/ml,分别较对 照组显著升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001);骨髓血窦内皮细胞TLR4蛋白表达及骨髓组织中TLR4 mRNA的表达均显著高于 对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。大鼠骨髓TLR4 蛋白和mRNA表达与血浆内毒素水平均呈显著正相关（r=0.841,0.803,P 均<0.001）。结论：CCl4 诱导的肝硬化大鼠骨髓血窦内皮细胞TLR4 表达升高,并伴随大鼠内毒素血症的发生,提示肝硬化时肠源 性内毒素血症可能参与了骨髓的造血功能的损害和病变。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.