氯喹及超氧化物歧化酶对脑缺血再灌注大鼠自由基和血栓素A2－前列环素代谢的影响

用四血管阻断法造成大鼠全脑缺血，３０ｍｉｎ后再恢复双侧颈总动脉血流３０ｍｉｎ，此时大鼠脑组织过氧化脂质（ＬＰＯ），血栓素Ｂ２（ＴＸＢ２）含量和ＴＸＢ２／６－ｋｅｔｏ－前列腺素Ｆ１α（ＰＧＦ１α）比值明显增高，超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）活性显著降低，但６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ１α含量无明显变化。用氯喹预防或ＳＯＤ治疗，能明显抑制脑缺血再灌注大鼠脑组织内ＬＰＯ含量和ＴＸＢ２／６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ１α比值增高，阻止脑组织内ＳＯＤ活性降低，但对脑组织ＴＸＢ２和６－Ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ１α含量均无明显影响     

山莨菪碱对家兔全脑缺血再灌注脑组织TXA2和PGI2代谢的影响

目的 探讨山莨菪碱对家兔全脑缺血再灌注期间脑组织ＴＸＡ２和ＰＧＩ２代谢的影响。方法 ４０只家兔随机分为假手术组、缺血组、缺血再灌注组、治疗组、采用“闭塞双侧颈总动脉和椎动脉＋体循环低血压法”建立全脑缺血再灌注损伤模型。缺血２０ｍｉｎ,再灌注２ｈ,通过放免法测定脑组织ＴＸＢ２、６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦα含量及其比值。结果 缺血组脑组织ＴＸＢ２、６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ１α含量明显高于假手术组（Ｐ〈０．０１,Ｐ〈０．０５）;再灌注组脑组织ＴＸＢ２、ＴＸＢ２／６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ１α比值明显高于缺血组（Ｐ〈０．０１）;而治疗组脑组织ＴＸＢ２及ＴＸＢ２／６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ１α比值较缺血再灌注组显著降低（Ｐ〈０．０１）。结论 脑缺血再灌注损伤与ＴＸＡ２／ＰＧＩ２比例失调有关;山莨菪碱具有抑制ＴＸＡ２合成,调节ＴＸＡ２－ＰＧＩ２     

脑缺血再灌注TXA2-PGI2平衡障碍及光量子液疗的影响

目的观察丹参和光量子液疗对脑缺血再灌注损伤ＴＸＡ２－ＰＧＩ２平衡的作用，探讨脑缺血治疗机制。方法制作兔脑缺血再灌注模型，分成单纯液体组、光量子液疗组、丹参组、光量子化丹参组和假手术对照组，进行不同的处理。分别检测各组血与脑组织中血栓素Ｂ２（ＴＸＢ２）和６酮前列腺素Ｆ１α（６ｋｅｔｏＰＧＦ１α）含量，计算Ｔ／Ｐ比值。结果单纯液体组ＴＸＢ２和６ｋｅｔｏＰＧＦ１α较假手术组不同程度地增高，Ｔ／Ｐ比值升高；而光量子液疗组、丹参组和光量子化丹参组６ｋｅｔｏＰＧＦ１α较单纯液体组增高，ＴＸＢ２和Ｔ／Ｐ比值则较单纯液体组降低，以光量子化丹参组对指标的影响最大。结论脑缺血再灌注损伤出现明显的ＴＸＡ２－ＰＧＩ２平衡障碍，丹参和光量子液疗可增加ＰＧＩ２含量，减少ＴＸＡ２生成，降低Ｔ／Ｐ比值；调节ＴＸＡ２－ＰＧＩ２平衡可能是丹参和光量子液疗治疗脑缺血的机制，光量子液疗可协同丹参作用。     

心复康口服液对气虚血瘀型充血性心力衰竭患者血小板α颗粒膜蛋白6酮前列腺素F1α及血栓素B2的影响

目的：观察心复康口服液对中医辨证属气虚血瘀型充血性心力衰竭患者血浆血小板 α颗粒膜蛋白（ Ｇ Ｍ Ｐ １４０）、６ 酮 前列腺素 Ｆ１α（６ ｋｅｔｏ Ｐ Ｇ Ｆ１α）及血栓素 Ｂ２（ Ｔ Ｘ Ｂ２）的影响,为治疗气虚血瘀型充血性心力衰竭提供依据。方法：应用放射免疫法测定患者治疗前后血浆 Ｇ Ｍ Ｐ １４０、６ ｋｅｔｏ Ｐ Ｇ Ｆ１α、 Ｔ Ｘ Ｂ２ ,并与健康对照组作对比。结果：气虚血瘀型心力衰竭患者血浆 Ｇ Ｍ Ｐ １４０、 Ｔ Ｘ Ｂ２、６ ｋｅｔｏ Ｐ Ｇ Ｆ１α及 Ｔ Ｘ Ｂ２ ／６ ｋｅｔｏ Ｐ Ｇ Ｆ１α均较健康组明显增高（ Ｐ＜ ００１ 或 Ｐ＜ ０００１）。心复康口服液治疗后可使血浆 Ｇ Ｍ Ｐ １４０、 Ｔ Ｘ Ｂ２、６ ｋｅｔｏ Ｐ Ｇ Ｆ１α、 Ｔ Ｘ Ｂ２ ／６ ｋｅｔｏ Ｐ Ｇ Ｆ１α明显下降（ Ｐ＜ ００５ 或 Ｐ＜ ００１）。结论：气虚血瘀型心力衰竭患者血小板活化程度较健康对照组明显增高;心复康口服液能够防止血小板的过度活化,可能是其治疗气虚血瘀型充血性心力衰竭的机制之一。     

预髓损伤患者血小板活化因子,血栓素B2和6—酮—前列腺素 …

目的：探讨急性颈髓损伤患者全血血中板活化因子（ＰＡＦ）、血浆血栓素Ｂ２（ＴＡＢ２）、６－酮－前列腺素Ｆ１α（６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ１α）含量的动态变化及其临床意义。方法，分别采用定量生物分析法、放射免疫分析法检测了３５例急性伤外性颈髓损伤患者血全ＰＡＦ、血浆ＴＸＢ２和６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ１α的含量变化。结果：伤情越重、预后越差的患者，血液中ＰＡＦ、ＴＸＢ２含量和ＴＸＢ２／６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ１α（Ｔ     

急性心肌梗死患者溶栓治疗过程中血浆前列环素和血栓素A2的变化及其意义

目的：探讨急性心肌梗死（ＡＭＩ）患者溶栓治疗过程中血浆前列环素（ＰＧＩ２）及血栓素Ａ２（ＴＸＡ２）变化与再灌注损伤的关系。方法：将发病２４小时内入院的１０４例ＡＭＩ患者随机分为溶栓组６０例与未溶栓组４４例;溶栓组连续３日测定外周血ＰＧＩ２和ＴＸＡ２的代谢产物６酮前列腺素Ｆ１α（６ｋｅｔｏＰＧＦ１α）和血栓素Ｂ２（ＴＸＢ２）的浓度;并计算６ｋｅｔｏＰＧＦ１α／ＴＸＢ２比值（Ｋ／Ｔ）。结果：溶栓血管再通组（４２例）的６ｋｅｔｏＰＧＦ１α和ＴＸＢ２水平均高于溶栓血管未通组（１８例）和未溶栓组,以ＴＸＢ２增加的幅度更大,表现为溶栓血管再通组Ｋ／Ｔ比值显著低于后２组（Ｐ＜０．０１）;而溶栓血管未通组与未溶栓组间上述指标无显著性差异（Ｐ均＞０．０５）。另外,溶栓血管再通组中有再灌注心律失常者的Ｋ／Ｔ比值（０．７７±０．０７）显著低于无再灌注心律失常者（０．８８±０．１４,Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论：ＡＭＩ时ＰＧＩ２与ＴＸＡ２平衡失调,其与再灌注心律失常的发生和冠状动脉再通的病理生理过程有关。溶栓治疗时,使用药物纠正ＰＧＩ２与ＴＸＡ２平衡失调可能有一定意义     

冠心病患者血浆内皮素血栓素B2和6—酮—前列腺素F1α变化的临？…

目的 探讨内皮素（ＥＴ）、血栓素Ｂ２（ＴＸＢ２）和６－酮－前列腺素Ｆ１α（６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ１α）的变化在冠心病发病中的作用及临床意义。方法 采用放射免疫分析方法对不稳定性心绞痛（ＵＡ）组,急性心肌梗死（ＡＭＩ）组、及正常对照组血浆ＥＴ、ＴＸＢ２和６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ１α浓度同时进行测定。结果ＵＡ组心绞痛发作期分别较终止后对照组、ＡＭ 溶栓前分别较溶栓后及对照组ＥＴ和ＴＸＢ２升高,６－ｋｅｔｏ－     

川芎嗪对脑梗塞患者血浆血栓素B_2和6酮前列腺素F1α含量的影响

采用川芎嗪注射液治疗３２例急性脑梗塞患者，观察其对治疗前后血浆血栓素Ｂ２（ＴＸＢ２）和６酮前列腺素Ｆ１α（６ｋｅｔｏＰＧＦ１α）的影响。结果：有效率为９０．６％；且治疗后脑梗塞患者血浆ＴＸＢ２含量显著下降（Ｐ＜０．０１），６ｋｅｔｏＰＧＦ１α含量明显升高（Ｐ＜０．０１）。提示：川芎嗪治疗脑梗塞取得很好治疗效果的机制之一可能是通过降低血浆血栓素Ａ２（ＴＸＡ２），调节血栓素Ａ２／前列环素（ＰＧＩ２）失衡状态，从而起到扩张血管和抗血栓作用而实现的     

绝经前后妇女血浆血栓素A_2和前列环素水平的变化

目的：为探讨绝经对妇女血浆血栓素Ａ２（ＴＸＡ２）和前列环素（ＰＧＩ２）水平的影响。方法：将７２例研究对象按月经情况分四组，即：月经正常组（Ⅰ）；月经紊乱组（Ⅱ）；绝经５年组（Ⅲ）；绝经＞５年组（Ⅳ）。用同位素放射免疫方法集中测定各组妇女外周血浆ＴＸＡ２、ＰＧＩ２的稳定代谢产物血栓素Ｂ２（ＴＸＢ２）及６－酮前列腺素Ｆ１α（６－Ｋ－ＰＧＦ１α）的含量。结果：⑴各组妇女血浆ＴＸＢ２及６－Ｋ－ＰＧＦ１α水平无显著性差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）；⑵各组妇女ＴＸＢ２／６－Ｋ－ＰＧＦ１α的比值较恒定（１．０４±０．０５）。结论：绝经对妇女体内ＴＸＡ２和ＰＧＩ２的水平和稳定无明显影响。有血管舒缩不稳定症状（如潮热）的绝经前后妇女，由于其血浆ＴＸＡ２／ＰＧＩ２总保持动态平衡，故不会增加心血管疾病的发病风险。     

急性心功能不全患者血清铁蛋白,血栓素A2和前列环素动态…

探讨血清铁蛋白、血栓素Ａ２和前列腺环素在急性心功能不全发病过程中的意义。测定２１例急性心功能不全患者治疗前和治疗后第７，１４天血清Ｆｔ，ＴＸＡ２及ＰＧＩ２的稳定代谢产物血栓素Ｂ２（ＴＸＢ２）及６－酮－前列腺素Ｆ１α（６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ１α）的含量。并选择１８例无心功能不全患者作为对照组观察。     

Atomic and electronic structure of solids of Ge2Br2PN,Ge2I2PN,Sn2Cl2PN,Sn2Br2PN and Sn2I2PN inorganic double helices: a first principles study

We report the results of density functional theory calculations on the atomic and electronic structure of solids formed by assembling A₂B₂PN (A = Ge and Sn, B = Cl, Br, and I) inorganic double helices. The calculations have been performed using a generalized gradient approximation for the exchange–correlation functional and including van der Waals interactions. Our results show that the double helices crystallize in a monoclinic lattice with van der Waals type weak interactions between the double helices. In all cases except Ge₂Cl₂PN, the solids are stable with a binding energy between the double helices ranging from 0.06 eV per atom to 0.09 eV per atom and inter-double helices separation of more than 3.33 Å. All the solids are semiconducting. Further calculations have been done by using meta-GGA with a modified Becke–Johnson functional to obtain better band gaps, which are found to lie in the range of 0.91 eV to 1.49 eV. In the case of Ge₂Br₂PN the solid is a direct band gap semiconductor although the isolated double helix has an indirect band gap and it is suggested to be interesting for photovoltaic, and other optoelectronic applications. The charge transfer between the atoms has been studied using Bader charge analysis and the DDEC6 method in the CHARGEMOL program, which suggests charge transfer from the outer helix to the inner helix.

We report the results of density functional theory calculations on the atomic and electronic structure of solids formed by assembling A₂B₂PN (A = Ge and Sn, B = Cl, Br, and I) inorganic double helices.     

有丝分裂原激酶MEKK2调节白细胞介素2生成的研究

目的 探讨有丝分裂原激酶MEKK2对IL-2生成的影响。方法 用MEKK2和JNK激酶活性测定、荧光素酶报告基因检测、逆转录-聚合酶链反应及Western blot等方法，检测在PHA／抗CD28抗体刺激Jurkat细胞后MEKK2对IL-2转录和翻译的影响结果经PHA／抗CD28抗体刺激后，亲本Jurkat细胞AP1和IL-2启动子荧光素酶报告基因活性分别增加4倍和5倍。而MEKK2功能域灭活的Jurkat细胞AP1和IL-2启动子荧光素酶报告基因活性仅各增加1倍。经PHA／抗CD28抗体刺激后，亲本Jurkat细胞IL-2 mRNA的转录和IL-2蛋白的表达明显增加，而MEKK2功能域灭活的Jurkat细胞IL-2 mRNA的转录和IL-2蛋白的表达无明显增加。结论 MEKK2在IL-2的生成过程中起重要的调节作用，MEKK2可以作为药物作用的靶点，从而筛选有效药物抑制免疫反应，提高移植物抗宿主病和自身免疫性疾病治疗的疗效。     

2-hydroxyestradiol is a prodrug of 2-methoxyestradiol

Previous in vivo studies indicate that 2-hydroxyestradiol (2OHE) attenuates cardiovascular and renal diseases. In vitro studies suggest that the biological effects of 2OHE are mediated by 2-methoxyestradiol (2MEOE) after methylation of 2OHE by catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT). This study tested the hypothesis that in vivo 2OHE is a prodrug of 2MEOE. We administered to male rats i.v. boluses of either 2OHE or 2MEOE and measured plasma levels of 2OHE and 2MEOE by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry at various time points after drug administration. After administration of 2OHE, plasma levels of 2OHE declined extremely rapidly [t(1/2(1)) = 0.94 min and t(1/2(2)) = 10.2 min] becoming undetectable after 45 min. Concomitant with the disappearance of 2OHE, 2MEOE occurred and then declined [t(1/2(1)) = 7.9 min and t(1/2(2)) = 24.9 min]. The peak concentration and total exposure (area under the curve) for 2OHE were much lower than for 2MEOE. 2OHE had a much higher plasma clearance (CL) and volume of distribution (V(d)) compared with 2MEOE (2OHE: CL = 1215 ml min(-1) kg(-1) and V(d) = 17,875 ml/kg; 2MEOE: CL = 50 ml min(-1) kg(-1) and V(d) = 1760 ml/kg). After administration of 2MEOE, plasma levels of 2MEOE declined [t(1/2(1)) = 2.5 min and t(1/2(2)) = 20.2 min] with a plasma CL of 50 ml min(-1) kg(-1) and a V(d) of 1500 ml/kg. We could not detect 2OHE in plasma from rats receiving 2MEOE. We conclude that the conversion of 2OHE to 2MEOE is so efficient that in terms of 2MEOE exposure, administration of 2OHE is bioequivalent to administration of 2MEOE itself.     

乳腺癌环氧合酶-2和基质金属蛋白酶-2及其抑制因子的表达

目的 研究环氧合酶(COX)-2、基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)-2及其抑制因子(TIMP-2)在乳腺癌组织中的蛋白表达及其相互关系.方法 建立组织芯片平台,应用免疫组织化学S-P法检测127例乳腺癌组织COX-2、MMP-2和TIMP-2蛋白的表达情况.结果 乳腺癌COX-2、MMP-2和TIMP-2阳性率分别为81.1%(103/127)、96.9%(123/127)和60.6%(77/127);COX-2的表达与乳腺癌腋淋巴结转移和TNM分期均呈正相关(P<0.01,P<0.05),与孕激素受体表达呈负相关(P<0.05);MMP-2蛋白表达与COX-2表达呈显著正相关(r=0.290,P<0.01).结论 乳腺癌COX-2表达状况与肿瘤侵袭转移有密切关系,COX-2可能通过调控MMP-2表达来促进肿瘤侵袭转移.     

空气净化前后老年2型糖尿病患者PaO2和PaCO2的变化

目的探讨对老年 2型糖尿病患者行空气净化前后动脉血氧分压 (PaO2 )和二氧化碳分压 (PaCO2 )的变化。方法 5 5例老年 2型糖尿病患者分为观察组 ( 2 9例 )和对照组 ( 2 6例 )。观察组患者所处疗养室每日 2 4h进行空气净化。分别于净化前、净化后第 2、3、4周抽取动脉血检测PaO2 、PaCO2 、pH值和氧饱和度。 结果空气净化 4周后 ,观察组PaO2 、PaCO2 、氧饱和度有明显改善 (P <0 .0 1) ,pH值无显著性变化。结论空气净化能改善老年 2型糖尿病患者的PaO2 、PaCO2 。     

22项生化检测项目测量不确定度的评价

目的：根据临床实验室室内质量控制和室间质量评价的累积数据评价22项生化检测项目的测量不确定度。方法收集检验科2013年1～6月22项生化检测项目的室内质量控制数据和2012～2014年间常规化学室内质控和室间质评的数据,依据 Nordtest准则,分别计算与精密度和偏倚相关的不确定度分量,然后评估合成标准不确定度和扩展不确定度。结果利用室内质控与室间质评数据可以逐步计算出22项生化检测项目的不确定度范围为4.24～24.88,其中 ALP的扩展不确定度最大,达到24.88;Na＋的扩展不确定度最小,仅为4.24。各类指标的扩展不确定度范围如下：电解质（4.27～18.16,Na＋最低,Mg最高）;酶类（8.12～24.88,GGT最低,ALP最高）;小分子物质（4.88～12.44,GLU最低,Cr最高）;蛋白与脂类（4.78～13.1,TC最低,TG最高）。结论使用累积的室内质控与室间质评数据评定生化定量检测项目的不确定度简便可行,可用于定期评估检验结果准确性。     

高血压病人定量运动前后氧及二氧化碳分压的变化

目的 研究高血压病人定时定量运动前后氧及二氧化碳分压的变化,以指导病人正常的运动。方法 选取 30例高血压病人,按 I、Ⅱ、Ⅲ期高血压分类,分别测定其运动前、后氧及二氧化碳分压,另选取 30例无高血压病和心、脑、肾等疾病者为对照组。结果 高血压患者动脉氧分压运动后较运动前均有不同程度的升高, I、Ⅱ期高血压病患者动脉氧分压较Ⅲ期运动后比运动前有明显提高。结论 适当的运动可能有助于 I、Ⅱ期高血压病人降压治疗。     

Photoluminescence of PdS2 and PdSe2 quantum dots

Group-10 transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) materials have recently attracted considerable attention in optoelectronics applications. However, so far their quantum dot (QD) counterparts with photoluminescence (PL) nature still remain to be revealed. In this study, 2 typical types of group-10 TMD material (PdS₂ and PdSe₂) QDs are fabricated via liquid exfoliation using N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) solvent. The absorption and PL spectra of these QD solutions are studied, exhibiting excitation wavelength-dependent behaviors and large Stokes shifts. Furthermore, the quantum yield and decay lifetime are also investigated and analyzed. The obtained results suggest promising optoelectronic applications with group-10 TMD QDs in the future.

PdS₂ and PdSe₂ QDs are fabricated via liquid exfoliation using NMP solvent. The PL behaviors of these QD solutions are studied. The obtained results suggest promising optoelectronic applications with group-10 TMD QDs in the future.     

The safety needle switchover,part 2 of 2

South Carolina's Greenville Hospital System (GHS) minimizes caregivers' exposure to blood and body fluid through a risk-reduction program that hinges on feedback from data analysis and frontline staff.     

Efficient and stable transduction of dopaminergic neurons in rat substantia nigra by rAAV 2/1, 2/2, 2/5, 2/6.2, 2/7, 2/8 and 2/9

Dysfunction of the nigrostriatal system is the major cause of Parkinson's disease (PD). This brain region is therefore an important target for gene delivery aiming at disease modeling and gene therapy. Recombinant adeno-associated viral (rAAV) vectors have been developed as efficient vehicles for gene transfer into the central nervous system. Recently, several serotypes have been described, with varying tropism for brain transduction. In light of the further development of a viral vector-mediated rat model for PD, we performed a comprehensive comparison of the transduction and tropism for dopaminergic neurons (DNs) in the adult Wistar rat substantia nigra (SN) of seven rAAV vector serotypes (rAAV 2/1, 2/2, 2/5, 2/6.2, 2/7, 2/8 and 2/9). All vectors were normalized by titer and volume, and stereotactically injected into the SN. Gene expression was assessed non-invasively and quantitatively in vivo by bioluminescence imaging at 2 and 5 weeks after injection, and was found to be stable over time. Immunohistochemistry at 6 weeks following injection revealed the most widespread enhanced green fluorescence protein expression and the highest number of positive nigral cells using rAAV 2/7, 2/9 and 2/1. The area transduced by rAAV 2/8 was smaller, but nevertheless almost equal numbers of nigral cells were targeted. Detailed confocal analysis revealed that serotype 2/7, 2/9, 2/1 and 2/8 transduced at least 70% of the DNs. In conclusion, these results show that various rAAV serotypes efficiently transduce nigral DNs, but significant differences in transgene expression pattern and level were observed.