稀土La对半固态A356铝合金凝固组织的影响

利用Al-La稀土中间合金对液态A356铝合金进行了细化处理,并用低温浇注技术制备了半固态A356铝合金浆料,研究了细化处理对所制备半固态A356铝合金的初生α-Al相形貌和尺寸的影响。结果表明,细化处理的A356铝合金经低温浇注可制备具有颗粒状和蔷薇状初生α-Al相的半固态浆料,稀土La可显著改善半固态A356铝合金中初生α-Al相的晶粒尺寸和颗粒形貌。探讨了稀土La对半固态A356铝合金的初生α-Al相细化机理。     

稀土La对半固态A356铝合金凝固组织的影响

利用Al-La中间合金对A356铝合金进行了细化处理,并用低过热度浇注技术制备了半固态A356铝合金浆料,研究了细化处理对半固态A356铝合金初生α相形貌和尺寸的影响.研究结果表明,细化处理的A356铝合金经低过热度浇注可制备具有颗粒状和蔷薇状初生α相的半固态浆料,稀土La可显著改善半固态A356铝合金中初生α相的晶粒尺寸和颗粒形貌.探讨了稀土La对半固态A356铝合金初生α相的细化机理.     

半固态A356铝合金浆料的行波搅拌制备工艺

采用行波电磁搅拌和低过热度浇注复合制备工艺,成功制备出初生α-Al为球状的较大尺寸A356铝合金半固态浆料.研究了浇注温度、搅拌频率和搅拌功率对A356铝合金半固态浆料组织的影响.结果表明,随着浇注温度的降低,半固态A356铝合金组织中的初生α-Al更圆整.当搅拌频率达到或高于10Hz时,半固态A356铝合金浆料中的组织比较理想.当电磁搅拌功率增大时,半固态A356铝合金熔体中的蔷薇状初生α-Al受到更剧烈的附加温度起伏而使枝晶根部熔断,形成更多更圆整的球状初生相.因此,在630℃浇注、搅拌频率为10Hz和搅拌功率为1.72kW下,能制备出更圆整、细小的初生α-Al.     

Al-Si合金力学性能与初生α-Al相数量的相关性研究

采用图像分析仪对细化前后铸态A356铝合金组织中的初生α-Al枝晶数量进行定量分析,建立了A356铝合金的力学性能与初生α-Al相数量之间的关系。结果表明,当Al-5Ti-1B添加量大于0.5%时,组织内形成细小的等轴晶。α-Al枝晶的数量随着细化剂添加量的增加而增加。线性拟合结果揭示了抗拉强度、伸长率、质量参数和初生α-Al数量之间的关系。     

合工艺制备半固态A356铝合金浆料的研究

将晶粒细化处理引入低过热度浇注和弱电磁搅拌技术中,形成了制备半固态合金浆料的复合工艺.应用复合工艺制备了半固态A356铝合金浆料,研究了复合工艺对所制备的半固态初生0相形貌和尺寸的影响.研究结果表明,细化处理的液态A356铝合金经低过热度浇注和弱电磁搅拌可制备具有颗粒状和蔷薇状初生α相的半固态浆料,并且浇注温度可适当提高.与未经细化处理的A356铝合金试样相比,细化处理可显著改善A356铝合金中初生α相的晶粒尺寸和颗粒形貌及其沿铸锭径向上的分布.     

Al-Sc共晶反应对半固态A356合金初生α相的影响

利用低过热度浇注和等温保温技术制备了半固态A356-Sc铝合金浆料,研究了Sc对所制备的半固态A356铝合金初生α相形貌和尺寸的影响。结果表明:细化处理的半固态A356-Sc铝合金经低过热度浇注和等温保温可制备具有球状和颗粒状初生α相的浆料,稀土Sc可显著改善A356铝合金中初生α相的尺寸和形貌。获得了制备半固态A356-Sc合金浆料合适的工艺条件:Sc加入量为0.6 mass%,保温温度为630℃,保温时间为200 s,此时,初生α相的等效圆直径达到36.48μm,平均形状因子为0.85。探讨了Al-Sc共晶反应对半固态A356铝合金初生α相细化机理。     

Ce对半固态A356铝合金初生α相细化机制的新探

选用稀土Ce作为A356合金的细化剂,合金熔体在浇注前分别在Al-Ce共晶温度上、下保温若干时间,研究稀土-铝共晶反应对A356合金初生α相形貌和晶粒尺寸的影响.试验结果表明:A356-Ce合金在Al-Ce共晶温度之下保温,可获得较理想的初生α相形貌和较小的晶粒尺寸.通过计算二维错配度,发现共晶反应产物Al11Ce3可作为α-Al的异质形核质点而起到细化晶粒的作用.     

La、Y微合金化对铝硅合金组织及其耐腐蚀性的影响

研究了La、Y微合金化对A356铝合金组织及其耐腐蚀性的影响。结果表明,在微合金化的作用下,A356铝合金随La、Y元素加入量的增加,其初生相细化较显著并呈先增大后减小的趋势,添加0.15wt%La,0.3wt%Y时,晶粒细化效果最佳。此微合金化对A356合金中α-Al晶粒的细化效果明显优于La。在微合金化的作用下,A356铝合金的耐腐蚀性得到了显著的改善,这主要是通过微合金化手段细化其晶粒来实现的。     

La、Y微合金化对铝硅合金组织及其耐腐蚀性的影响

研究了La、Y微合金化对A356铝合金组织及其耐腐蚀性的影响。结果表明,在微合金化的作用下,A356铝合金随La、Y元素加入量的增加,其初生相细化较显著并呈先增大后减小的趋势,添加0.15wt%La,0.3wt%Y时,晶粒细化效果最佳。此微合金化对A356合金中α-Al晶粒的细化效果明显优于La。在微合金化的作用下,A356铝合金的耐腐蚀性得到了显著的改善,这主要是通过微合金化手段细化其晶粒来实现的。     

A356铝合金Al-5Ti-1B和Al-10Sr熔体处理遗传效应

通过重熔试验研究Al-5Ti-1B和Al-10Sr中间合金在A356熔体中的遗传效应。结果表明:A356合金经熔体处理后流动性较母材提高17.36%,T6处理后α-Al枝晶细化,二次枝晶间距仅为16.8μm,共晶硅圆整,抗拉强度达269 MPa、屈服强度203MPa、伸长率12.5%、硬度92 HBW。伴随重熔,细化变质效果逐渐衰退,熔体质量下降,以致力学性能和流动性下降。试验发现固溶后快淬可减小变质衰退带来的影响。     

Effect of yttrium on the microstructure of a semi-solid A356 Al alloy

The semi-solid slurry of an A356 Al alloy,which was grain-freed by yttrium,was manufactured by low temperature pouring.The effects of grain-refining on the morphology and the grain size of the primary α phase in the semi-solid A356 Al alloy were researched.The results indicate that the semi-solid A356 Al alloy with particle-like and rosette-like primary α-Al can be prepared by low temperature pouring from a liquid grain-refined A356 alloy.The grain size and particle morphology of primary α-Al in the A356 Al alloy are markedly improved by the addition of 0.5 wt.% Y.The fining mechanism of Y on the morphology and grain size of the primary α-Al in the semi-solid A356 Al alloy was delved.     

Effect of heat treatment on microstructures and mechanical properties of A356 alloy cast through rapid slurry formation (RSF) process

The effect of T5 heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of A356 alloy was observed. The as-cast A356 alloy exhibited coarse dendrites and long Si needles. RSF process changed the dendritic α-Al phase to globular morphology which helps in improving the mechanical properties of the alloy. The addition of 0.6wt-% Al–5Ti–1B grain refiner refined the average grain size of primary α-Al phase. T5 heat treatment at 170 °C for 20 h in different processing conditions was given to A356 alloy. T5 heat treatment led to further refinement of α-Al phase and Si needles, precipitation hardening due to Mg₂Si phase and reduction in the porosity level (%). The Quality Index for A356 alloy in different processing conditions was also measured. Results showed that RSF process with the use of baffles, addition of grain refiner and T5 heat treatment had improved the mechanical properties over other processing conditions.     

New technique for preparing A356 alloy semisolid slurry and its rheo-diecast microstructure and properties

A new technique for preparing semisolid slurry, namely, distributary-confluence runner (DCR), was combined with die-casting (DC) to conduct rheological die-casting (R-DC) of A356 alloy. The mechanism of DCR for semisolid slurry preparation was determined via numerical simulations and experiments. The microstructure and mechanical properties of A356 alloys prepared via DC and R-DC were studied. High-quality slurry containing numerous primary α-Al (α₁-Al) with an average size of 49 μm and a shape factor of 0.81 could be prepared via DCR. Simulation results indicated that the unique flow state and physical field changes during slurry preparation were conducive to accelerating the uniformity of melt temperature and composition fields, nucleation exfoliation, and spherical growth. Compared with the alloy prepared via DC, the tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation of A356 alloy prepared via R-DC increased by 19%, 15%, and 107%, respectively.     

对A356Al合金细化和变质处理的研究

研究了A356Al合金熔体处理过程中细化与变质的交互作用。结果表明:只添加Al-10Sr的熔体处理,α-Al二次枝晶间距为19.6μm,抗拉强度228MPa、屈服强度177MPa、伸长率8.9%、布氏硬度73HBW;而只添加Al-4Ti-1B的熔体处理,α-Al二次枝晶间距为17.3μm,抗拉强度203MPa、屈服强度159MPa、伸长率6.9%、布氏硬度67HBW。指出:Si相的形态对A356Al合金力学性能影响最大,变质效力是限制A356Al合金力学性能的首要因素。     

蛇形通道浇注制备半固态A356铝合金浆料微观组织的演变

对蛇形通道浇注制备半固态A356铝合金浆料过程中初生α-Al晶粒的球化进行了研究。结果表明,在蛇形通道内过冷的合金熔体受到内壁的激冷后生成大量细小自由晶和树枝晶,这些晶粒大部分被游离到蛇形通道的中心区域进行增殖,然后一部分经过直接球化和熟化作用演变成球形晶粒,另一部分长成尺寸较大的树枝晶。经过蛇形弯道的作用后,这些长大的树枝晶的二次臂从根部开始缩颈并分离,分离出的二次臂和断臂的树枝晶在蛇形通道里分别经过初步球化和熟化后变成近球形颗粒和蔷薇状组织,最后在收集坩埚里进一步演变成球形颗粒。     

Synchronously Improving the Thermal Conductivity and Mechanical Properties of Al-Si-Fe-Mg-Cu-Zn Alloy Die Castings Through Ultrasonic-Assisted Rheoforming

An ultrasonic vibration-assisted air-cooled stirring rod process (ACSR + UV) was used to efficiently prepare a large-volume semisolid slurry with a mass of more than 40 kg.A low-cost Al-Si-Fe-Mg-Cu-Zn die-casted alloy with high thermal conductivity,high plasticity and medium strength was developed.The alloy was used to manufacture large,thin-walled parts for 5G base stations by using the ACSR + UV rheological die-casting (ACSR + UV R-DC) process.Investigations were performed on the microstructure,porosity,mechanical properties,fracture behaviour and thermal conductivity of the ACSR + UV R-DC alloy,which was then compared to traditionally die-casted (T-DC) and ACSR R-DC alloys.The mecha-nisms for the microstructural refinement and enhancement of the mechanical and thermal conductivity performances of the ACSR + UV R-DC alloy were also analysed.The results showed that the ACSR + UV process increased the nucleation rate of the melt due to the increase in the nucleation area and the generation of cavitation bubbles.A radial-and an axial-forced convection was also generated inside the melt under the combined effects of acoustic flow and mechanical stirring,thereby homogenising the melt composition field and the temperature field.Therefore,the ACSR + UV R-DC process not only refined the primary α-Al (α1-Al),the eutectic silicon and the secondary α-Al (α2-Al),but also greatly improved the mor-phology and the distribution of the β-Al5FeSi phase.The mechanical properties of the ACSR + UV R-DC alloy were higher than those of the T-DC and the ACSR R-DC alloys.Compared to the T-DC alloy,the ultimate tensile strength,elongation and yield strength of the ACSR + UV R-DC alloy were increased by 34％,122％ and 19％,respectively.This was because the ACSR + UV R-DC technique gave the alloy the characteristics of high density,fine spherical α1-Al grain and a fine and uniform β-phase,which improved the fracture behaviour of the alloy.The thermal conductivity of the ACSR + UV R-DC alloy was 184 W/(m K),which was 10.2％ and 3.4％ higher than that of T-DC and ACSR R-DC alloys,respectively.This was because the refined eutectic silicon and β phases in the ACSR + UV R-DC alloy facilitated an easier electron flow through the eutectic region,and the decrease in porosity increased the effective area of heat conduction.     

熔体过热处理对亚共晶Al-10Mg2Si合金磨损性能的影响

对亚共晶Al-10Mg2Si合金进行熔体过热处理,通过削-盘式摩擦磨损试验研究了显微组织对亚共晶Al-10Mg2Si合金磨损性能的影响。结果表明,熔体过热处理后,初生α-Al相转变为近球状等轴晶,Mg2Si相呈纤维状和短杆状均匀分布,且其二次枝晶间距降低了58%,硬度提高了13.5%,同时其磨损速率降低了16.49%。磨屑由合金未经熔体过热处理的推碾薄片状与卷曲状转变为小块粉末状,剥落区面积减小,剥落坑、犁沟和挤压沟槽均变浅。磨损机制由粘着磨损、氧化磨损和磨粒磨损共存转化为以剥层磨损为主,粘着磨损与部分氧化磨损共存的形式,说明熔体过热处理改善了合金的磨损性能。     

Solidification behavior and rheo-diecasting microstructure of A356 aluminum alloy prepared by self-inoculation method

Semisolid slurry of A356 aluminum alloy was prepared by self-inoculation method, and the microstructure and solidification behavior during rheo-diecasting process were investigated. The results indicate that the semisolid slurry of A356 aluminum alloy can be prepared by self-inoculation method at 600 °C. Primary α-Al particles with fine and spherical morphologies are uniformly distributed when the isothermal holding time of slurry is 3 min. Liquid phase segregation occurs during rheo-diecasting process of semisolid slurry and the primary particles(α1) show obvious plastic deformation in the area of high stress and low cooling rate. A small amount of dendrites resulting from the relatively low temperature of the shot chamber at the initial stage of secondary solidification are fragmented as they pass through the in-gate during the mould filling process. The amount of dendrite fragments decreases with the increase of filling distance. During the solidification process of the remaining liquid, the nucleation rate of secondary particles(α2) increases with the increase of cooling rate, and the content of Si in secondary particles(α2) are larger than primary particles(α1). With the increase of cooling rate, the content of Si in secondary particles(α2) gradually increases. The morphologies of eutectic Si in different parts of die casting are noticeably different. The low cooling rate in the first filling positions leads to coarse eutectic structures, while the high cooling rate in the post filling positions promotes small and compact eutectic structures.     

Effect of melt pulse electric current and thermal treatment on A356 alloy

Effects of the melt pulse electric current and thermal treatment on solidification structures of A356 alloy were investigated.In the experiments.the low temperature melt(953K and 903K)treated by pulse electric current was mixed with high temperature metl(1223K).By the control experiments,the results show that the solidification structure of A356 alloy is refined apparently by the pulse electric current together with melt thermal treatment process,and the mechanical properties.especially the elongation ratio of the specimen treated is improved greatly.The structure change of the melt by pulse electric current and melt thermal treatment is the main reason for the refinement of the solidification structure of A356 alloy.