ARM数控系统高速处理串口数据的研究

数控实际加工先采用CAD/CAM软件画图,根据图形生成G代码,然后将G代码传送给数控系统来进行实际加工,实际一个工件生成的G代码相对ARM所拥有的存储资源而言很大,为了解决G代码传输速度与ARM数控系统代码处理速度不匹配问题.利用ARM的串口传送G代码,实现了ARM数控系统代码高速处理的同时,串口数据正确高速传送.经研究与实验,这种方法简单易行,在保证数据准确的前提下,提高了数据传输速度,提高了数控系统的加工效率.     

数控系统加工代码解析器的设计

随着开放式数控系统的发展,作为数控系统的组成部分之一的数控代码解析器关系到加工效率、加工质量,是解析用户代码的必要途径,具有重要的作用。代码解析器对不同系统代码格式的兼容和代码编辑功能扩展方面有着特定的要求。本文据此需求提出了一种针对功能扩展的便利和兼容性的解析器设计方案,并在嵌入式系统中进行了相关功能调试。     

利用ActiveX技术实现串行通信

利用Visual C^ 6.0下的ActiveX控件MSComm，实现了Windows98环境下单台PC机向多台开放式数控系统传送数控代码的功能。     

一种嵌入式数控代码解释器设计

该数控代码解释器用于一个嵌入式数控系统中央控制单元,给出了解释器的结构和各功能模块的实现,在实际的加工测试中该解释器能够适应各种工作情况.     

数控编程的后置处理与CAM软件的通用后置

数控机床的所有运动与操作都是执行特定的数控指令（G代码）的结果。完成一个零件的数控加工一般需要连续执行一连串的数控指令,即数控程序（G代码程序、NC程序）。当采用自动编程时,经过刀具轨迹计算产生的是刀位文件,而不是数控程序。因此需要将刀位文件转换成指定数控机床能执行的数控程序,即刀位文件必须经过后置处理才能转换成NC程序。由于不同的数控机床所采用的数控系统出自不同的厂商,因此,后置处理必须是针对指定机床的。一、 后置处理的过程后置处理过程如图1所示。后置处理过程原则上是解释执行,即读出刀位文件中的一…     

FANUC 0i数控系统常见P/S程序报警处理

在数控编程操作过程中,常因NC程序的编辑、输入、存储等环节有错误,导致数控系统不执行或中断执行NC程序。针对这个问题,本文通过使用FANUC 0i数控系统,以具体的数控加工实例,解读、分析在加工过程中经常出现的P/S程序报警代码信息,并作出相应正确处理,从而避免盲目查找报警故障信息原因的繁琐过程。     

FANUCOi数控系统常见P／S程序报警处理

在数控编程操作过程中,常因NC程序的编辑、输入、存储等环节有错误,导致数控系统不执行或中断执行NC程序。针对这个问题,本文通过使用FANUC0i数控系统,以具体的数控加工实例,解读、分析在加工过程中经常出现的P／S程序报警代码信息,并作出相应正确处理,从而避免盲目查找报警故障信息原因的繁琐过程。     

数控专用加工代码O代码的功能实现

为了实现开放式机床控制数控系统NC代码解析运行的灵活性功能要求,提出了加工代码的控制流语句O代码的实现.通过对数控系统中的解析器模块进行分析,运用在linux平台下面的c 面向对象语言设计方法,本人将原有的解析器模块用类封装重新进行设计,对部分需要增强功能或是改变实现方式的子函数予以重新编写,提出了使用特有的数据结构封装代码状态数据,添加了统一的控制流语句、跳转功能,改良了代码解析的过程,提高了数控加工运行的灵活性.     

基于PCI型运动控制卡的Windows数控系统设计

采用GE-300-PCI运动控制卡开发了一种新型数控切割系统,具备加工中暂停、继续、沿原轨迹返回、调速和支持G代码等功能,论述了PC的开放式数控系统在Windows操作系统上的实现。     

数控代码的相似性、编码及其转换技术

以相似理论为指导,基于相似系统的观点对不同数控系统指令之间的相似性、相似元、相似度等进行多层次的分析和研究。根据相似元的划分原则,定义各级相似元,量化其特征值和属性值。建立计算数控指令相似度的数学模型,并对数控指令的确定性相似和模糊性相似给出确切定义。拟定数控程序格式的描述方法和数控代码的编码方式,构建了一种通用的数控代码转换系统模型。     

A novel methodology for cross-technology interoperability in CNC machining

In CNC part programmes, the lack of standardisation for representing part geometry and semantics of manufacturing operations leads to the necessity for existence of a unique part programme for each machine. Generating multiple programmes for producing the same part is not a value adding activity and is very time consuming. This wasteful activity can be eliminated if users are given the ability to write an NC program for a specific machine and robustly convert the program to syntax suitable for another CNC machine with a different structure. This, cross-technology interoperability, would enable for parts manufactured on old CNC machines using legacy code to be manufactured on new CNC machines by automatically converting the programmes. Every NC programme is written based on various categories of information such as: cutting tool specifications, process planning knowledge and machine tool information. This paper presents an approach for cross-technology interoperability by refining high-level process information (i.e., geometric features on the part and embedded manufacturing resource data) from NC programmes. These refined items of information stored in compliance with the ISO14649 (STEP-NC) standard may then be combined with new manufacturing resource information to generate NC code in a format that is compatible with machines based on different technologies. The authors provide a framework for this process of identification, semantic interpretation and re-integration of information. The focus of this paper is on asymmetric rotational components as the initial application area. To demonstrate the proposed cross-technology interoperability approach, a C-axis CNC turn–mill machine and a 4 axis CNC machining centre have been used with a simple test component.     

STEP-NC based high-level machining simulations integrated with CAD/CAPP/CAM

With the development of manufacturing,numerical control(NC) machining simulation has become a modern tool to obtain safe and reliable machining operations.Although some research and commercial software about NC machining simulations is available,most of them is oriented for G&M code.It is a low-level data model for computer numerical control(CNC),which has inherent drawbacks such as incomplete data and lack of accuracy.These limitations hinder the development of a real simulation system.Whereas,standard for the exchange of product data-compliant numerical control(STEP-NC) is a new and high-level data model for CNC.It provides rich information for CNC machine tools,which creates the condition for an informative and real simulation.Therefore,this paper proposes STEP-NC based high-level NC machining simulations solution integrated with computer-aided design/computeraided process planning/computer-aided manufacturing(CAD/CAPP/CAM).It turned out that the research provides a better informed simulation environment and promotes the development of modern manufacturing.     

转塔式数控冲床CAD/CAM系统的设计

介绍一种转塔式数控冲床加工代码自动生成的CAD/CAM软件系统设计的实现技术。它可以与AutoCAD、Protel、CAXA等图形文件进行数据交换装入图形,也可以开发系统绘制图形,然后对图元对象进行编辑、分块处理、建立模板,经过加工路线自动排序、干涉检验、基点选定、加工模拟,最后生成数控加工代码。该文论述了系统软件结构、设计模式、模板建立、自动排序、代码生成等技术内容。     

基于Attention-LSTM的CNC刀具破损在线检测系统

为了在数控（CNC）机床批量加工过程中对刀具破损进行检测以减少残次产品,提出一种利用机床主轴功率信息,基于Attention-LSTM的CNC生产线刀具破损在线监测方法。该方法以数控系统内置传感器作为数据源获取机床主轴功率时间序列,在数据采集环节中,需要分辨加工过程中的不同工序以及该工序所使用的刀具编号。因此,在数据采集环节中,同时对数控代码和主轴功率进行采集,使用数控代码解析方式对采集数据进行处理,完成加工过程的工序识别,再使用Attention-LSTM算法对主轴功率数据进行预测,然后利用DTW算法计算时间序列相似度。加工过程功率时间序列和标准时间序列之间的相似程度应当处于合理的阈值范围内,否则认为此次加工过程中发生刀具破损。以FANUC数控系统为平台进行实验,验证了刀具破损识别的准确率。     

高性能数控系统解释技术的研究与实现

针对高性能数控系统中解释器面临的要求,通过深入分析现有数控系统中解释器及与之交互的任务控制器的主要功能及实现方法,指出其在高速高精加工时存在的不足,在此基础上设计并实现了一种高效的NC代码解释机制;然后,对现有数控系统进行了基于STEP-NC的改造,提出了面向网络化制造STEP-NC数控系统的基本框架,并重点介绍了基于XML的STEP-NC程序解释器的设计与实现.     

“Digi-code” - A micro computer program to digitize two dimensional figures and convert the data to CNC (Computer Numerical Control) Program

Engraving or machining free-form non mathematically defined shapes can be a complex task. “Digi-code” is a program to read and interpret coordinate location data describing parts or shape outlines. The coordinate data is converted directly to NC (Numerical Control) code to control a CNC (Computer Numerical Control) machine tool. This paper describes a technique to digitize contoured shapes and process the data directly to machine control code.     

A multi-regional computation scheme in an AR-assisted in situ CNC simulation environment

Computer numerical control (CNC) simulation systems based on 3D graphics have been well researched and developed for NC tool path verification and optimization. Although widely used in the manufacturing industries, these CNC simulation systems are usually software-centric rather than machine tool-centric. The user has to adjust himself from the 3D graphic environment to the real machining environment. Augmented reality (AR) is a technology that supplements a real world with virtual information, where virtual information is augmented on to real objects. This paper builds on previous works of integrating the AR technology with a CNC machining environment using tracking and registration methodologies, with an emphasis on in situ simulation. Specifically configured for a 3-axis CNC machine, a multi-regional computation scheme is proposed to render a cutting simulation between a real cutter and a virtual workpiece, which can be conducted in situ to provide the machinist with a familiar and comprehensive environment. A hybrid tracking method and an NC code-adaptive cutter registration method are proposed and validated with experimental results. The experiments conducted show that this in situ simulation system can enhance the operator’s understanding and inspection of the machining process as the simulations are performed on real machines. The potential application of the proposed system is in training and machining simulation before performing actual machining operations.     

基于XML的数控仿真系统的NC代码解析

在直接通过NC代码来驱动仿真加工过程的数控仿真系统中,NC代码的解析处于系统的核心地位。然而各种NC代码之间的差异给系统的通用造成巨大的困难,系统各个模块的工作严格依赖于特定的NC代码格式,也使得系统难以扩展与变更。采用XML文档来作为用户提交的NC代码与系统之间的中间代码,很好地解决了以上问题,并获得了良好的应用效果,同时,对实现基于网络服务的数控仿真服务提供了可行性方案。     

基于Linux平台的数控虚拟机系统

概述了开放式数控系统，尤其是开放式软数控的发展现状与特点；分析和构建了基于数控虚拟机的开放式数控系统的体系结构，介绍了此系统中的软／硬件结构；在对具有代表性的操作系统进行了研究与比较之后，选择了Linux作为此系统的软件开发平台；最后根据Linux内核的结构特点，重新划分了传统用户模式下运行的数控软件体系，建立了包含实时控制层和数控应用层的双层模型，就其中的关键性技术问题进行了探讨和分析，明晰了该虚拟机在Linux下的具体实现方法。