中学生对英语教师语码转换的语言态度研究

语言态度是人们对某种语言或方言的语言变体的感觉及评价.了解中学生对英语教师语码转换的语言态度对英语教师进行语言教育的手段和策略具有指向作用.本研究对中学生进行了问卷调查,结果表明中学生对英语教师的语码转换持肯定态度,并要求教师用英语和普通话双语授课.     

时尚还是崇洋——解读房产广告语码转换的成因与功能

房产广告中大量出现的中英语码转换现象越来越受到人们的重视,广告受众的态度褒贬不一。本文采用系统功能语言学的语域理论研究房产广告语篇,考察了房地产广告的语码转换类型和主要特点,主要分析了语域的三个变量——语场、语旨和语式和语码转换现象之间的关系,并且深入揭示了语码转换的成因和功能。     

从语法隐喻新视觉探析《落花生》的两个英译本

本文依据并借助韩礼德等近十年来关于语法隐喻理论的新发展,对许地山散文<落花生>的两篇英译文从语法隐喻的新视觉进行探析,旨在为翻译的语码转化过程中提供新的视觉或思维工具.分析表明,在汉语向英语的语码转换中,重新归类的语法隐喻理论确实更具有一定的说服力和可操作性.因此,语码转换的过程不仅是原文语义的转换,更是原文生动形象意境的转换.     

从语域角度看房地产广告的语码转换

本文采用系统功能语言学的语域理论研究房地产广告语篇,考察了房地产广告的语码转换类型和主要特点,主要分析了语域的三个变量--语场、语旨和语式和语码转换现象之间的关系,系统地揭示了这三个因素对房地产广告的作用.     

浅析《方言》中的"通语"

通过对<方言>中一些标注为"通语"词语的分析,揭示了在社会历史发展过程中词汇演变的情况.通过全面考查<方言>全书有关"通语"的用例,认为"通语"是指某些地区对某事物通行的描述方法.     

语用前提与大学英语写作教学

根据语用前提理论,分析语用前提在大学英语写作教学中的应用,进一步指出语用前提与大学英语写作教学相结合可以帮助英语学习者在一定程度上提高语篇组织能力,进而提高他们的英语写作能力.     

关于中国式英语和中国英语的看法

中国英语目前正作为一种使用具有一定语言特色的人数最多的＂使用型国别变体＂被国内外语言学家重视。中国式英语是中国的英语学习者在英语语言习得过程中的一种中介语现象。其成因受多种因素相互作用,包括语言迁移、跨文化交际等。但中国英语成为一种受目的语影响的中介语变异体,在中国式英语考核标准影响下,它以标准英语的规范形式,带来了越来越严重的本土化问题。但随着英语的全球化普及,它的传播也更加区域化。尤其是在反对语言殖民化,保护本土语言的吁求声中,未来的英语一定是全球化与本土化的结合。     

浅谈小学英语语篇教学

<全日制义务教育英语课程标准(实验稿)>规定,基础教育阶段英语课程的总体目标是培养学生的综合语言运用能力.而语篇教学无疑是提高学生用英语获取信息、处理信息、分析和解决问题的能力,逐步培养学生用英语进行思维和表达的能力的一种行之有效的教学模式.     

浅析"中式英语"

本文从母语迁移、中介语等理论来探究中式英语的成因,同时探讨中式英语在语言和文化上的系统表现,并明确指出中式英语是受汉语影响的一种中介语,符合人类认知规律,有其发生的必然性.正确地积极地看待中式英语是提高英语学习效率应采用的必要态度.     

现代汉语方言句首使用语气词情况比较分析

汉语句首有语气词的用法在现代汉语普通话中已经匿迹,只在少数方言中仍有留存.对闽南方言、遵义田坝仡佬语、平阳瓯语和鄂东南方言中的句首语气词及其主要用法作简要梳理,概述句首语气词句法特点、语气与语气词的匹配、语气变化与音变以及语用功能,概括各地区句首语气词使用的异同,以期对方言语气词研究有所增益.     

Story recall in young Black and White children: Effects of racial group membership, race of experimenter, and dialect.

Tested the effects of racial group membership, race of E, and dialect on unstructured and probed recall. l6 Black and 16 White 4-6 mo old children were Ss. Subgroups of 4 Ss within each racial group were randomly assigned to the experimental conditions such that order of exposure to E (Black and White) and dialects Standard English vs Black English vernacular) were counterbalanced. Results show that Whites performed better than Blacks in Standard English, Blacks performed better than Whites in Black English vernacular, Blacks tested in Black English vernacular were equivalent to Whites tested in Standard English, and Whites performed better in Standard English than in Black English vernacular. When probed with questions, there was an overall increase in the proportion of correct information for both racial groups. (15 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Brief psychotherapy for unresolved grief in an 82-year-old-man

This man experienced in old age the torment that occurs when early fantasies that underly anxieties are enacted in real life. His elderly wife, when she became confused, ordered their son to drive him from the marital home. When the wife died, the son kept the news from the husband until after the burial. These acts created in reality the fantasy of a reversed oedipal situation, with the son succeeding as a competitor for his father's wife. If the father had resolved his own oedipal strivings satisfactorily, presumably he would not have feared such competition. But there seemed to have been some early environmental failure that had prevented him from integrating in the process of maturation his own wishes for his mother and his fears of his father. Yet, despite the patient's advanced years, the early failure situation seemed to fade as he used the therapy not only to work through his grief, but also as an opportunity to experience anew in the transference a more facilitating environmental adaptation to his needs.     

Language differences between black children and white children.

Examined 48 black and 48 white children, matched for social class and nonverbal intelligence, in a free-recall situation on vocabulary words and sentences presented in black dialect and standard English. On standard English sentences, both groups performed equally well. On sentences in black dialect, the white Ss performed significantly worse. Findings are interpreted as support for bilingual language development in black ghetto children and emphasize the importance of social class and intelligence when comparing black and white Ss on language tasks. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Reflecting on the knowledge used when caring for an intensive care patient and his/her family

Carper's four ways of knowing are used to structure a reflection on the knowledge used by an associate nurse in intensive care when caring for her patient, his wife and son. John, the patient, had previously undergone a sex change operation as well as cardiac surgery. His current period in intensive care was due to pancreatitis and involved numerous returns to theatre. He eventually died following multi-organ failure. The reflection focuses on the associate nurse's feelings when trying to act as an advocate for both John and his wife at the time of the patient's pending death.     

Review of Trauma and human existence: Autobiographical, psychoanalytic, and philosophical reflections.

Reviews the book, Trauma and human existence: Autobiographical, psychoanalytic, and philosophical reflections by Robert Stolorow (see record 2007-07947-000). The author discribes his book as a “project (that) has occupied (him) now for more than 16 years” (p. 45) starting six months after the tragic death to metastatic cancer of his 34-year-old wife Daphne (“Dede”) Stolorow, on February 23, 1991. His book exemplifies a value, deeply shared by the author and his late wife, that of “staying rooted in one’s own genuine painful emotional experiences” (p. 46). The volume is very dense (50 pages of text, total), the product of 16 years of intense and sensitive reflection. It condenses in very short order the history of his intersubjective perspective on developmental trauma, (the outcome of invalidating malattunement in the “parent–child mutual regulation system” lending to unbearable affect states in search of a “relational home”), his theory of the phenomenology of trauma (the shattering of “absolutisms of everyday life”), trauma’s temporality (trauma freeze frames the past and the future into an eternal present), and, finally an analysis of the ontological or universally constitutive aspect of trauma in our lives. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Allan G. Barclay (1930-2006).

Presents an obituary for Allan G. Barclay. Allan G. Barclay, the consummate professional psychologist, was born in Masonville, Iowa, on December 22, 1930, and died at his home in St. Louis, Missouri, on February 2, 2006. He was predeceased by his second wife, Audrey Thaman. He is survived by his first wife, Betty Barclay, and by their two children, Lisa and Allan Barclay. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Health status of former elite athletes. The Finnish experience

A 71-year-old man was found dead in a car into which exhaust fumes had been introduced. His wife who was in the same car recovered consciousness following hospitalization. She claimed that they had both attempted suicide by taking a large number of sleeping pills. Autopsy revealed no significant external injuries or medical disorders that would have led to the husband's death. The concentrations of alcohol and carbon-monoxide hemoglobin in his whole blood were 0.26 mg/ml and < 10%, respectively. Therefore, poisoning by carbon monoxide from the exhaust fumes was ruled out, and further toxicological examinations were undertaken. Triazolam, pentobarbital, amitriptyline and bromazepam were all detected in the tissues of the victim; whole blood concentrations were 45.60, 386.4, 521.2 and 166.7 ng/g, respectively. Triazolam (7.350 ng/g) and pentobarbital (288.2 ng/g) were also detected in the whole blood of the wife, collected 17 h after admission to hospital. When evaluating these results in the light of existing literature, we concluded that the victim and his wife had indeed attempted suicide by taking triazolam and pentobarbital. However, only the man had died of triazolam poisoning due to its apparently lethal combination with amitriptyline and other psychotropic drugs which had been prescribed to treat his depression.     

Integrated versus segregated school attendance and immediate recall for standard and nonstandard English.

Examined imitative recall for sentences conforming to the grammatical rules of standard English vs those suggested for nonstandard (black) English. Ss were a total of 87 black and 51 white low- and middle-income children in Grades 3 and 4. Low-income blacks showed better recall than middle-income whites for nonstandard sentences and poorer recall for standard sentences. School integration influenced the performance of low-income blacks: Those who had attended an integrated school were both better on standard and poorer on nonstandard sentences than those who had attended a segregated school. For middle-income Ss, both black and white, there were no evident linguistic effects of integration. Although dialect clearly affected recall, results do not support a conception of black dialect as a separate linguistic system with totally consistent rules. (19 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Aid given to a dental refugee in World War Two

In 1939, an Austrian/Jewish Dental Surgeon and his wife escaped from Nazi occupied Vienna but had to sacrifice his home, his practice and all his personal possessions and securities. He managed to reach the French consulate in Milan where he was given asylum for a limited period and from there planned his future.     

Postvasectomy residual sperm pregnancy

A pregnancy occuring within a few months after a successful vasectomy is sometimes attributed by a skeptical physician to sexual involvement by the spouse with a nonvasectomized man. This assumption may be unjustified because of the fact that after a vasectomy, some residual sperm which are viable enough to cause pregnancy could remain stored distal to the site of occlusion. The Maternal and Child Health Center of Taiwan documented a case history of a 32-year-old father of 2 who impregnated his wife approximately 38 days, and at least 9 ejaculations, after a successful vasectomy. The patient had no urogenital abnormalities and had an uneventful vasectomy procedure. He resumed intercourse with his wife 8 days after vasectomy and returned for 5 semen tests during the year after vasectomy. The patient's 28-year-old wife had her last menses 24 days after the vasectomy, and pregnancy test 57 days after the vasectomy confirmed the suspicion of pregnancy. Vacuum aspiration terminated the pregnancy 2 days later. There was no doubt or question at all that the patient was his wife's only sexual partner. The authors concluded that based on examination of several thousand postvasectomy semen specimens, the distribution of the biologic limits for residual sperm viability is an asymmetrical distribution skewed to the right, suggesting that the limits may even exceed 38 days for some individuals. Thus physicians should be careful in evaluating a pregnancy which occurs a few months after a successful vasectomy.