Synthesis of iron(Ⅲ)-doped nanostructure TiO2/SiO2 and their photocatalytic activity

Iron(Ⅲ)-doped nanostructure TiO2-coated SiO2 (TiO2/SiO2) particles were prepared using the layer-by-layer assembly technique and their photocatalytic property was studied. TiO2 colloids were synthesized employing the sol-gel method with TiCl4 as a precursor. The samples were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), SEM, EDS, XPS, and XRD. The experimental results show that TiO2 nanopowders on the surface of SiO2 particles are well distributed, the amount of TiO2 is increased with the adding of coating layers, the pure anatase-TiO2 coating layers are synthesized at 500℃, and the photocatalytic activity of Fe3+-doped TiO/SiO2 is higher than tnat of undoped TiO2/SiO2.     

Deposition of photocatalytic TiO2 and N-doped TiO2 films by arc ion plating

TiO2 and N-doped TiO2 films were deposited on the glass substrates by arc ion plating method. The results show that the deposition rate does not change with the increasing deposition time. The increase of mass flow rate of N2 gives rise to the increase of deposition rate. All as-deposited TiO2 and N-doped TiO2 films are amorphous. The anatase TiO2 phase with preferred orientation （101） is acquired by post-annealing at 400 ℃ for 2 h. The incorporation of N into the TiO2 films and the heat treatment extensively shift the band edge to the visible light region.     

Zn、Si共掺杂纳米TiO_2的制备及其光催化性能

采用水热法,以Ti（SO4）2作为前驱体制备出锌、硅单掺杂和共掺杂的二氧化钛纳米晶。分析结果显示锌、硅共掺杂二氧化钛纳米晶的光催化活性高于纯二氧化钛纳米晶和单掺杂的二氧化钛纳米晶;在锌的掺杂量为0.8%、硅的掺杂量为6%时,所获得的二氧化钛纳米晶的光催化活性最佳;锌硅共掺杂二氧化钛纳米晶相对于纯二氧化钛纳米晶和单掺杂的二氧化钛纳米晶,其粒径减小,表面积增加。     

溶胶-凝胶法制备TiO2纳米颗粒及其光催化性能

考察了通过溶胶-凝胶法进行过渡金属(Fe3 、Zn2 、Co2 、Ni2 、Cr3 和Sn4 )和稀土元素(La3 、Pr3 、Nd3 、Ce4 、Sm3 、Tb3 、Eu.3 、Gd3 、Y3 和Dy3 )掺杂的TiO2纳米颗粒的光催化活性,以及通过超声波处理反应过程中的溶胶所制备得到的TiO2纳米颗粒的光催化活性.结果表明:0.5%Sn4 、0.5%La3 、0.5%Y3 和0.5%Eu3 (质量分数)掺杂的TiO2纳米颗粒在降解甲基橙溶液的反应中,其光催化活性提高2%～7%;其它的掺杂则使TiO2纳米颗粒的光催化活性降低0.5%～25%;在TiO2纳米颗粒的制备过程中,对溶胶进行超声辐照可使其光催化活性提高15%以上,这是提高TiO2纳米颗粒光催化活性的一条新途径.     

ZrO_2／TiO_2复合光催化膜的微弧氧化法制备及表征

采用微弧氧化方法和原位生成的Zr（OH）_4胶体颗粒,在纯钛基体上制备ZrO_2／TiO_2复合光催化膜。采用SEM、EDX、XRD、UV-VisDRS等分析手段,对膜层进行分析表征。结果表明：复合膜显示出层状和多孔的结构,由锐钛矿、金红石和ZrO_2组成;相对于纯TiO_2膜,复合膜层的光吸收截止边缘产生红移;ZnO_2／TiO_2复合膜层和纯TiO_2膜层在紫外光照射下,对罗丹明B的光催化速率常数分别为0．0442和0．0186h~（-1）。     

PHOTOCATALYTIC PERFORMANCE OF PLASMA SPRAYED TiO2-ZnFe2O4 COATINGS

A novel TiO2-ZnFe2O4 coating is prepared by plasma spraying. The effects of spraying parameters and the composition of powders on the microstructure, surface morphology and photo-absorption of plasma sprayed coatings are studied. The photocatalytic efficiency of the as-sprayed coatings is evaluated through the photo mineralization of methylene blue, It was found that TiO2 coatings can decompose methylene blue under the illumination of ultraviolet rays, and the degrading efficiency is improved with an increase in the content of FeTiO3 in the coatings. However, the presence of large amount of ZnFe2O4 compound will substantially lower the photocatalytic efficiency of the TiO2-ZnFe2O4 coatings for the unfavorable photo-excited electron-hole transfer process.     

Characterization and photocatalytic activity for methylene blue degradation of iron-deposited TiO2 photocatalyst

Iron-deposited TiO2 was prepared by photo-reducing ferric ions. The photocatalytic activity of methylene blue degradation was enhanced after TiO2 was deposited with iron, and the optimum n(Fe)/n(Ti) is 0. 25%. TiO2 and iron-deposited TiO2 are anatase and rutile, and anatase is the dominant crystalline phase. In all samples, theXRD patterns indicate that there are no characteristic peaks of iron to be detected. XPS confirms that Fe^3 and Fe^2 are present on the surface of 0.5% iron-deposited TiO2, however they are not susceptible to XRD detection. The thermodynamics analysis shows that the alternative possibility of reduction from the Fe^3 /Fe^2 couple seems plausible, but Fe^2 can not be reduced to Fe. The fluorescence intensity weakens after iron is deposited on TiO2, because iron deposited traps photo-generated electrons and holes. The fluorescence intensity order of TiO2 and iron-deposited TiO2, from strong to weak, is in good agreement with that of photocatalytic reactiveness TiO2 and iron-deposited TiO2, from low to high.     

Effect of substrate temperature on structural properties and photocatalytic activity of TiO2 thin films

Titanium dioxide （TiO2） films with anatase structure were prepared on quartz glass substrates by pulse laser ablating titanium （99.99%） target under oxygen pressure of 10 Pa at substrate temperature of 500-800 ℃. The structural properties of the films were characterized by X-ray difffactometry（XRD）, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS） and field emission scan electron microscopy（FESEM）. The results show that, as the substrate temperature is increased from 600 ℃ to 800 ℃, the anatase structure of the films changes from random growth to （211）-oriented growth. The absorption edge tested by UV-Vis Spectrometer has a blue shift. The photocatalytic activity of the films was tested on the degradation of methyl orange. It is found that the film with random growth structure exhibits better photo-degradation efficiency than that with （211）-oriented growth structure.     

Effects of tourmaline on microstructures and photocatalytic activity of TiO2/SiO2 composite powders

The SiO2/TiO2 composite powders including mineral tourmaline powders （T/SiO2/TiO2） were prepared from a sol made by a two-step hydrolysis method, using metasilicate ester as precursor. The powders were characterized by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. The photocatalytic activity of the sample was evaluated by the photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange. The effects of heat-treatment on the photocatalytic activity were discussed. It is found that the T/SiO2/TiO2 composite powders show higher photocatalytic activity when including 10% SiO2 and 4% tourmaline. Moreover, the photocatalytic mechanism of tourmaline on the powders was proposed.     

Preparation and photocatalytic activity of composite films containing clustered TiO2 particles and mineral tourmaline powders

The novel composite films containing clustered TiO2 particles and fine tourmaline particles on the surface of copper webs were prepared by the sol-gel method. The microstructures of the composite films were investigated by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, and the photocatalytic activity of the films was evaluated by photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange, respectively. The results indicate that tourmaline particles can obviously influence the microstructures of TiO2 films and enhance the photocatalytic activity due to their spontaneous permanent polarity and high radiotechnology of far infrared. During preparing the composite films, the clustered TiO2 particles with lots ofnano-sized ladder layers can grow on the surface of fine tourmaline particles, the thickness of ladder layer is 10 nm, and the average diameter ofnano-sized TiO2 particles is 15 nm.     

聚乙二醇对TiO2-SiO2粒子的生成及光催化性能影响

以TiCl4为原料,采用自组装技术制备TiO2-SiO2复合粒子,加入聚乙二醇2000（PEG 2000）,探讨聚乙二醇对TiO2-SiO2粒子生成及光催化降解甲基橙的影响。研究发现：随组装次数的增多,复合粒子表面TiO2 的含量增多;随PEG2000的加入,TiO2颗粒间呈现一定的孔隙,使TiO2层粒子的表面积增加;样品经550 ℃煅烧,得到均为锐钛矿与金红石的混合相,且随着PEG2000含量的增加,锐钛矿的相对含量随之增加;光催化实验表明,PEG2000的掺杂使TiO2-SiO2的光催化性能得以提高。     

Synthesis of TiO2 films on glass slides by the sol-gel method and their photo-catalytic activity

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) films with rod-like and sphere-like TiO2 particles were prepared on glass slides employing the sol-gel method. The shape and size of TiO2 particles were controlled using different concentrations of sodium dodecylbenzensulfonate (SDBS). By increasing the mole ratio of SDBS, the shape of TiO2 particles transformed from rod-like to sphere-like. Also, the size of TiO2particles became gradually smaller. Then, the size became bigger when an excess amount of SDBS was added. The films were mainly composed of anatase titania and the relative content of anatase increased with the increasing amount of SDBS. The photocalalyfic activity of the TiO2 films that were added with SDBS was higher than that without SDBS. When the concentration of SDBS was 8.0 at%, the sample exhibited the best photocatalytic activity.     

TiO2光催化纳米薄膜的晶化处理

TiO2光催化纳米薄膜在400℃～80℃温内恒温退火1h-2h，以消除膜内非晶，提高薄膜光催化活性。热处理前后试样的检测结果表明：退火使TiO2薄膜内非晶晶化，晶粒长大，光响应电流增大。随退火温度的升高，TiO2薄膜出现由非晶斗锐钛矿斗金红石的转变。其中，600℃退火1h的TiO2薄膜为锐钛矿加金红石的混晶结构，光电流密度最大Iuv=41．2A／m^2，光催化活性最好。     

氮掺杂TiO2光催化剂的制备与性能研究

采用水热法结合固相反应法制备了氮掺杂TiO2光催化剂。以苯酚为降解底物，考察了不同煅烧温度下制备的光催化剂在可见光照射下的光催化性能。采用了XRD、UV-Vis／DRS、XPS等手段对制备的掺氮TiO2光催化剂进行了表征。结果表明：当固相反应温度为300℃时所制备的样品为锐钛矿相，当反应温度达800℃时开始由锐钛矿相转变为金红石相：紫外一可见漫反射光谱结果表明所制备掺氮TiO2在可见光区和紫外光区都有较强的吸收，而纯TiO2只对紫外光有较强的吸收：当反应温度为500℃时，可见光活性最大，对苯酚的降解率最大，在4h内对苯酚的降解率达到52．57％。     

Synthesis of TiO<Subscript>2</Subscript> films on glass slides by the sol-gel method and their photocatalytic activity

Titanium dioxide (TiO₂) films with rod-like and sphere-like TiO₂ particles were prepared on glass slides employing the sol-gel method. The shape and size of TiO₂ particles were controlled using different concentrations of sodium dodecylbenzensulfonate (SDBS). By increasing the mole ratio of SDBS, the shape of TiO₂ particles transformed from rod-like to sphere-like. Also, the size of TiO₂ particles became gradually smaller. Then, the size became bigger when an excess amount of SDBS was added. The films were mainly composed of anatase titania and the relative content of anatase increased with the increasing amount of SDBS. The photocatalytic activity of the TiO₂ films that were added with SDBS was higher than that without SDBS. When the concentration of SDBS was 8.0 at%, the sample exhibited the best photocatalytic activity.     

Photocatalytic Property of Nanostructured S Doped TiO2 Films Prepared by the Micro Plasma Method

以钛为基体,在较短的时间内,采用微等离子体氧化法制备了TiO2薄膜。以罗丹明B溶液为目标污染物测试所得TiO2薄膜光催化性能。为提高所得TiO2薄膜的光催化性能,向电解液中添加了不同浓度的CH4N2S,制备S掺杂TiO2薄膜。利用扫描电镜(SEM)、光电子能谱（EDS）和X射线衍射仪（XRD）表征S掺杂前后所得的TiO2薄膜表面形貌、元素组成和晶体结构。结果表明,所得TiO2薄膜为多孔状,孔径大小均一。电解液中的CH4N2S浓度对微孔密度和孔径影响较大,S掺杂能使多孔TiO2微孔密度增大, 比表面积增大。但S对TiO2晶相组成影响不大,对晶胞参数有所影响。S掺杂可有效提高TiO2的光催化活性, 其中当电解液中的CH4N2S为6.0 g/L时,对初始浓度为10 mg/L罗丹明B溶液120 min的降解率可达到98%, 表现出最强的光降解能力。     

Preparation of TiO2 nanometer thin films with high photocatalytic activity by reverse micellar method

Two kinds of TiO2 nanometer thin films were prepared on stainless steel by the reverse micellar and sol-gelmethods, respectively. The calcined TiO2 thin films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force micros-copy (AFM), BET surface area and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Photocatalytic activity was evaluated byphotocatalytic decoloration of methyl orange aqueous solution. The results showed that the TiO2 thin films prepared by re-verse micellar method (designated as RM-TiO2 films) showed higher photocatalytic activity than those by sol-gel method(designated as SG-TiO2 films). This is attributed to the fact that the former is composed of smaller monodispersed sphericalparticles with a size of about 15 nm and possesses higher surface areas.     

Photocatalytic activity enhancing for TiO2 photocatalyst by doping with La

La doped nanocrystalline TiO2 photocatalyst was developed by sol-gel method. The prepared La-TiO2 photocatalysts with anatase phases were characterized by X-ray diffractometry （XRD）, UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy, and photoluminescence spectra （PL）. The photocatalytic activity was evaluated by the photocatalytic degradation of phenol in solution under sunlight irradiation. The results show that the crystallinity of anatase is improved by La doping. Moreover, La not only suppresses phase transition from anatase to rutile but also exhibits an absorption in the λ≥400 nm range. The photocatalytic activity of La-doped TiO2 photocatalysts exceeds that of pure TiO2 photocatalyst prepared by the same method when the molar ratio of La to Ti is kept at 0.3%.