基于端到端的单播层析网络时延分布

推断网络内部各链路的特性,已成为管理和评估大型电信网络的重要条件.通过某个特定路径直接监测每个链路是不现实的,所以一般通过发送端到端的探测包,利用网络的终端节点来收集网络链路的特征信息.通过单播探测包方法来推断链路的时延特性.针对网络内部链路时延累积量生成函数(CGF),提出一种基于端到端的单播探测包时延测量的偏差校正...     

一种低复杂度的网络链路时延估计及仿真研究

网络时延是重要的网络性能指标,是网络服务质量测量与分析领域的重要目标之一.在网络拓扑已知且稳定及链路性能时空独立性的假设前提下,给出了网络链路时延估计模型和端时延数据采集方法,提出了一种低复杂度的网络链路时延估计方法.首先应用伪似然估计,然后确定可解的探测单元,通过限制平均采样精度和探测单元链路数的增加来显著降低计算复杂度,解决了计算复杂度过高的链路时延估计求解问题.最后利用基于NS2的仿真研究验证了时延估计方法的有效性和准确性.     

网络链路时延统计量的层析成像方法

传统的连续时延分布估计往往需要假设时延满足某种分布,估计精度受制于假设分布与实际时延分布的相关性。Gianni Antichi等提出了一种链路时延累积量估计的方法,无需假设时延满足某种分布,但需要内部节点的协作。针对上述问题提出一种完全依靠端到端测量的链路时延累积量估计方法,根据端到端的时延构建端到端时延累积量与链路时延累计量的方程,最终利用最优化方法计算出链路时延累积量的最优解。ns-2仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性。     

基于PLE的有确定解的端到端网络链路时延推测方法

网络时延是重要的网络性能指标,端到端网络时延推测能够克服传统的基于路由器或者路由器协作的网络测量技术的弊端。在网络拓扑已知且稳定和链路性能时空独立性的假设前提下,给出了网络链路时延推测模型,提出了一种基于伪似然估计(PLE)的有确定解的端到端网络链路时延推测方法。在应用期望最大化算法的伪似然估计的基础上,控制背靠背发包方式,确定可以求解的探测单元,解决了不满足有确定解拓扑下的求解问题,且有效降低了计算复杂度。最后利用基于模型的计算验证了该方法的准确性和有效性。     

基于时间阈值丢包率估计的网络断层扫描技术

基于现有单播测量技术研究,提出一种改进的单播测量方法——增加时间阈值的测量法,对网络链路丢包率进行测量。该方法通过为探测包的发送方式设定阈值,即设定同一数据包对间的时间阈值与不同数据包对间的时间阈值,并通过对收集到的数据使用伪似然估计方法PMLE计算得到网络链路丢包率。实验结果表明,采用该方法可以获得更多的有效测量数据,测量结果更接近链路性能的真实情况。     

主动端到端离散式时延分布估计方法研究

对于网络质量评估链路性能推测无疑是至关重要的,然而现有的估计方法通常只能推测层次数有限的简单网络,无法应用于大规模网络。提出了一种基于不完整数据极大似然估计算法,估计网络内部链路时延分布,该方法通过不同的发包策略将树状网络拓扑划分成不同的两层三链子树,针对每个子树估计每条＂链＂的时延,随后通过移植算法将路径时延划分到各链路中,逐一对每个子树使用该方法计算从而得到整个网络链路时延情况。利用NS2仿真实验验证了该算法的可行性和准确性。     

一种基于多播推测丢包率的算法

网络层析是近年新兴的一个网络研究领域,它利用端到端的性能测试结果推导网络内部性能特征或拓扑结构,克服了传统网络测量技术的一些缺陷.丢包率层析的主要方法是利用最大似然估计(MLE),但是计算复杂度高且计算时间较长;基于伪似然估计(PMLE)方法可以较快估计各链路丢包率,但是在非叶节点链路的误差较大.为了克服以上缺点,本文基于多播网络的端对端测量,结合MLE和PMLE提出一种推算网络内部各链路的丢包率算法.通过仿真证实该算法估测的结果能真实地反应网络内部丢包趋势,在推测精度较好的情况下,计算量减少,计算复杂度降低.     

一种负载均衡网络中内部链路时延推测算法

了解网络内部链路特征对运维大型IP网络至关重要.前人在假定固定路由条件下采用端到端主动测量的方式从网络边缘推测网络内部链路行为特征.由于网络中存在导致随机路由的负载均衡设备,使以前的主动测量方法无法实施.采用累计生成函数和随机过程方法解决随机路由条件下的网络内部链路时延推测问题.仿真结果表明,算法可以很好地解决随机路由下的内部链路时延推测问题.根据链路时延分布,可以用来判决瓶颈链路,为网络运维提供极具价值的参考.     

单播丢包率的时域特征参数估计

网络链路丢包的时域特征参数（如：平均丢包长度、平均传输长度等）能够表现出链路丢包的突发性。现有的针对多播网络链路丢包时域特征参数的估计方法不能直接应用于单播网络。针对这一问题,提出用探测包群在单播网络中模拟多播端到端的测量过程,然后根据测量得到的数据对链路的连续传输概率（连续传输两个包的概率）和平均丢包长度等进行了估计。采用NS2进行仿真,验证了方法的性能。     

基于包对推测丢包率的简化算法

在进行网络测量时，有时只能获得端到端的数据，然而得到网络内部的信息对网络性能的认识是非常重要的，因此就需要从网络端到端测量得到的数据推测网络内部链路的数据。本算法是基于单播网络的端到端测量的，利用包对进行统计，运用最大似然估计和EM算法进行计算，从而推算网络内部节点的丢包率。我们在文中给出了算法的逻辑分析和仿真结果。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

基于AD9626的模拟信号采集存储卡设计

自然界的绝大部分信号都是以模拟的形式存在,因此模拟信号的采集转换存储在数字时代十分关键。文章讨论了在雷达信号处理领域基于AD9626的AD采集存储卡的设计原理、硬件结构和程序设计与芯片配置等问题,为今后相关领域的研究提供了可参考的方案。     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

A human-computer interface for non-computer specialists

The COM teleconferencing system was designed to be easy to use for both beginners and people with much computer experience. A number of design choices in organizing the human-computer interface were considered very carefully. These design problems are not unique for teleconferencing applications, but will appear in many other developments of human-computer interfaces for non-computer specialists. This report discusses naming conventions, menu format, user commands, help facility and the treatment of ‘type ahead’ from the users.