福建莆田―永定高速公路评价区植物区系成分分析

在对莆田至永定高速公路评价区野外实地调查并结合文献研究资料,系统整理出评价区维管束植物名录的基础上,对该区域的植物种类组成和区系成分进行分析.结果表明:评价区共有维管束植物1 914种,隶属于831属,213科,植物物种多样性较为丰富.在植物区系地理成分中,科级水平上,热带性质的成分居主导地位,占总科数的62.5%,尤以泛热带成分分布居多,世界分布次之,占总科数的48.7%,温带分布亦较丰富,占总科数的17.1%.属级水平上,热带成分亦占优势,占总属数的60.7%,温带分布多于世界分布,分别占总属数的12.3%、11.8%.评价区具有区系地理成分复杂多样,与热带植物区系关系密切,特有性成分占有一定比例等特点.     

山西历山保护区野生种子植物区系研究

在标本采集、鉴定的基础上,结合相关文献资料,研究了山西历山国家级自然保护区野生种子植物区系组成及其地理成分.结果表明:历山保护区共有野生种子植物1 246种,分别隶属于111科499属,其中裸子植物4科5属8种,被子植物107科494属1 238种(双子叶植物93科399属1 040种,单子叶植物14科95属198种).温带分布成分占绝对优势,其中温带科28科,占总科数的25.23%;温带属337属,占总属数的76.94%,说明本区系具有明显的温带性质.热带科42科,占总科数的37.84%;热带属90属,占总属数的20.53%,表明本区系在发生发展过程中与热带成分相联系的历史渊源.种的分布区类型中,中国特有分布500种所占比例最大,其次是温带亚洲分布和东亚分布.     

中国帕米尔高原种子植物的区系地理研究

中国帕米尔高原约有种子植物59科303属963种(包括变种).该区种子植物区系的地理成分较为复杂,联系广泛.温带性质的属有254属,占总属数的83.8%,热带性质的属有13属,占总属数的4.3%;温带性质的种有723种,占总种数的75.1%,热带性质的种有17种,占总种数的1.8%.该地区植物区系具有明显的温带性质,同时受到热带植物区系的影响.另外在区系科属分级水平上,寡属科、单属科占绝对优势,而超过20属的大科在该区仅有3科,却占总属数、总种数的35.9%和38.6%,区系优势现象十分明显;单种或少种属也较多,属种比值偏高.     

漳卫南运河德州段种子植物区系分析

通过调查研究,漳卫南运河(德州段)河道范围共记录种子植物35科91属118种.超过10个种的科有:菊科21种,禾本科16种,区域性单种科达13科.区域种子植物以广布科和泛热带至温带分布科居多,广布科共计15科57种,分别占种子植物科和种的42.86%和48.31%;泛热带至温带分布的科共10科20种,分别占种子植物科和种的28.57%和16.95%;属的区系分析中温带区系成分占据很大优势,为44属,占总属数(除世界分布)的63.77%,另外热带分布属24属,占总属数的34.78%.表明该区域种子植物区系有明显的温带性质,并有热带边缘区系成分.     

Analvsis on the Flora of Seed Plants in Lishan Nature Reserve,Shanxi

在标本采集、鉴定的基础上,结合相关文献资料,研究了山西历山国家级自然保护区野生种子植物区系组成及其地理成分.结果表明:历山保护区共有野生种子植物1 246种,分别隶属于111科499属,其中裸子植物4科5属8种,被子植物107科494属1 238种(双子叶植物93科399属1 040种,单子叶植物14科95属198种).温带分布成分占绝对优势,其中温带科28科,占总科数的25.23％;温带属337属,占总属数的76.94％,说明本区系具有明显的温带性质.热带科42科,占总科数的37.84％;热带属90属,占总属数的20.53％,表明本区系在发生发展过程中与热带成分相联系的历史渊源.种的分布区类型中,中国特有分布500种所占比例最大,其次是温带亚洲分布和东亚分布.     

吉首市维管植物科的区系性质

吉首市地处云贵高原东缘, 境内有维管植物186 科, 662 属, 1 534 种. 从科的等级水平对其区系分析表明, 这些维管植物中有蕨类植物 29科, 区系成分为世界分布 9 科、 热带分布 8 科、 热带至亚热带分布 11科、 温带分布 1 科, 以热带至亚热带分布比重最大,占 37. 93%; 裸子植物 5科, 除 1科为世界分布外,其余 4 科都是亚热带区系的代表;被子植物 152 科,其中世界分布 33科、 热带分布 8科、 热带至亚热带分布 40 科、 热带至温带分布 38 科、 亚热带至温带分布 10科、 温带分布 16科、 亚洲特有科 7 科,以热带至亚热带、 热带至温带比重较大, 两者合计占 51. 32%. 从被子植物的优势科和表征科分析, 38个优势科中除了 13个为世界分布外,另外 25 个也是以热带至亚热带( 9 科)和热带至温带( 11科) 比重较大,两者合计占 52.64%;表征科 14 科,热带至亚热带( 4科) 、 热带至温带( 7科) 占主导, 二者合计占 78. 57%. 以上结果表明该地区维管束植物具有明显的亚热带性质,为热带向温带区系过渡的类型.     

岷江上游地区种子植物区系初步研究

岷江上游地区位于四川北部,是世界生物多样性保护的热点地区.区系分析结果显示保护区内有种子植物107科,444属,1091种,其中裸子植物6科,11属,42种;被子植物101科,433属,1049种.种子植物科的分布区类型有12个,具有较强的热带性质,泛热带(热带广布Pantropic)型29科,占总科数的40.28%,属的分布区类型有15个,以温带区系成分为主,共225属,占总属数的56.53%,种的分布区类型有15个,其中特有种501个,占总种数的50.81%.该地区区系成分较复杂,特有成分较多,泛热带区系成分具有极其重要的地位.     

万家寨引黄工程北干线沿线种子植物区系分析

万家寨引黄工程北干线沿线有种子植物612种,分别隶属于283属,66科,其中裸子植物2科4属7种;被子植物有64科279属605种(其中双子叶植物55科224属478种;单子叶植物9科55属127种).属的区系成分中温带分布成分占绝对优势,其中共183属,占总属数的79.22%,说明本区系具有明显的温带性质.种的分布区类型中,中国特有分布最多,共有174种,占总种数的29.24%,其次是温带亚洲分布和东亚分布.     

贵州汇川喇叭河国家湿地公园维管束植物区系分析

2018年的8月、11月和2019年的1月、5月,对遵义汇川喇叭河国家湿地公园内的植物开展了种类区系调查,根据野外调查记录与标本的鉴定,共记录维管束植物298种,含119科240属,其中被子植物274种,隶属99科218属,裸子植物7科7属8种,蕨类植物13科15属16种。植物区系分析结果显示,湿地公园内维管束植物属世界广布型41属,占总属数的17.92%;热带分布型99属,占总属数的41.25%;温带分布型90属,占总属数的37.50%;中国特有8属,总属数的3.33%。园区植物主要以热带性质起源占优势,具有热带区系向温带区系过渡的特征。     

海南岛石灰岩地区蕨类植物区系特点

根据作者近年来实地调查研究表明,海南岛石灰岩地区共有蕨类植物181种,隶属于37科,70属.科属的地理成分以热带性质为主,主要的科是金星蕨科Thelypteridaceae、铁角蕨科Aspleniaceae、水龙骨科Polypodiaceae、凤尾蕨科Pteridaceae、卷柏科Selaginellaceae、三叉蕨科Aspidiaceae、蹄盖蕨科Athyriaceae,其种类占总数的57.9%;主要的属是凤尾蕨属Pteris、卷柏属Selaginella、铁角蕨属Asplenium、毛蕨属Cyclosorus、铁线蕨属Adiantum等.种的地理成分以热带、亚热带分布种为主,共有131种,占总种数的72.4%,其中属于热带亚洲性质类型最多,共有79种,占总种数的43.6%,温带成分在海南岛石灰岩蕨类植物区系中占14.5%.可见海南岛石灰岩地区蕨类植物区系具有明显的热带性质,但同时也具有一定比例的温带成分.最后,对海南岛石灰岩地区蕨类植物区系性质及其生态特征进行了探讨.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-