聚己内酯/胶原/丝素复合微纳米纤维膜的制备

采用静电纺丝技术制备了聚己内酯(PCL)与胶原/丝素(COL/SF)质量比为0∶100、10∶90、20∶80、30∶70、40∶60、50∶50的复合微纳米纤维膜,通过扫描电子显微镜、力学性能测试和接触角测试等对复合纤维膜的理化性能进行表征,并将HepG_2细胞种植在复合纤维膜上检测其细胞生物相容性。结果表明:PCL/COL/SF复合微纳米纤维膜纤维形貌良好,纤维直径和亲水性随PCL含量的增加而减小;PCL/COL/SF复合纤维膜具有较好的力学性能。PCL与COL/SF质量比为30∶70时,复合纤维膜亲水性良好,强度和柔性最佳,并且HepG_2细胞在复合纤维膜表面黏附生长良好,细胞增殖情况明显,表明PCL与COL/SF质量比为30∶70的复合纤维膜有望成为一种良好的载体,可应用于体外肝细胞培养。     

微生物生长载体磁性PCL/PAN复合纳米纤维膜的制备及性能研究

以聚己内酯(PCL)和聚丙烯腈(PAN)为溶质,N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)和三氯甲烷(TCM)为溶剂,加入磁性四氧化三铁(Fe_3O_4)纳米粒子,利用静电纺丝技术制备磁性PCL/PAN复合纳米纤维膜,将其作为微生物生长载体应用于污水处理中。试验结果表明:PAN的加入改变了纤维内部结晶的位置,复合纳米纤维直径较小,直径分布较均匀,基本无粘连现象;复合纳米纤维膜力学性能较好,其作为微生物生长载体对污水处理的效果较好,可重复利用。     

SF/PHBV复合纳米纤维膜的制备及其性能研究

研究了丝素蛋白/聚羟基丁酸戊酸酯(SF/PHBV)复合纳米纤维膜的性能,探讨了该纳米纤维作为组织工程支架的可行性。通过静电纺丝技术制备了三种质量比例的SF/PHBV复合纳米纤维膜,采用扫描电子显微镜、傅里叶红外光谱、差示扫描量热仪和单立柱材料试验机研究了它们的形态结构、热学及力学性能。结果表明:三种质量比例的SF/PHBV复合纳米纤维膜均具有多孔、比表面积大、结构稳定、热稳定及力学性能良好等特性,且随着SF组分的增加,SF/PHBV复合纳米纤维膜孔隙逐渐变小,纤维膜成形效果更好,熔点逐渐降低,断裂强度降低,断裂伸长率增大。     

工艺参数对静电纺PPESK微纳米纤维膜性能的影响

通过溶液静电纺丝法制备了聚芳醚砜酮(PPESK)微纳米纤维膜,借助于扫描电子显微镜和拉伸试验机分别对纤维膜的形貌和力学性能进行了表征,用正交试验对微纳米纤维膜的制备工艺参数进行了优化。结果表明,在给定条件下,对纤维直径影响由大到小的工艺参数依次为:溶液浓度给料速度纺丝电压。纤维直径最小的工艺条件为:溶液浓度19%,纺丝电压10 k V,给料速度为0.04 mm/min。对纤维膜拉伸强度影响由大到小的工艺参数依次为:给料速度纺丝电压溶液浓度。纤维拉伸强度最大的工艺条件为:溶液浓度24%,纺丝电压14 k V,给料速度0.04 mm/min。     

PLA/PCL纤维及其支架的制备与力学性能研究

将一定质量比聚乳酸(PLA)与聚己内酯(PCL)进行共混,通过熔融纺丝得到PLA/PCL初生纤维,再经过热拉伸后得到PLA/PCL纤维;利用自制模具采用手工编织的方法制备了PLA/PCL管道支架;对PLA/PCL纤维及其支架的结构与性能进行了表征。结果表明:当PLA/PCL质量比为40:60时,PLA/PCL初生纤维的综合力学性能较好;拉伸温度和拉伸倍数对PLA/PCL初生纤维的力学性能影响较大,当拉伸温度为85℃、拉伸倍数为7时,所得的PLA/PCL纤维力学性能最好;在一定温度区间内,PLA/PCL支架的支撑力随着定型温度的升高而升高,合适的定型温度应为其玻璃化转变温度至130℃之间,制备的PLA/PCL支架具有良好的弯曲性、压缩性和支撑性能,能满足支架应用的需求。     

静电纺丝法制备聚己内酯纳米纤维的工艺研究

以可生物降解的两亲性聚合物-聚己内酯(PCL)为原料,三氯甲烷和N,N-二甲基酰胺(DMF)为混合溶剂,采用静电纺丝技术制备了不同尺寸的PCL纳米纤维,研究了不同的PCL溶液浓度和针头尺寸相关工艺参数对纳米纤维微观形貌结构和尺寸分布的影响,同时对有序PCL纳米纤维的制备工艺进行了初步研究。     

静电纺丝法制备RGO/PU纳米复合纤维的研究

采用改进Hummer法制备了氧化石墨烯,并由氧化石墨烯制备了还原氧化石墨烯(RGO),将其添加到热塑性聚氨酯(PU)纺丝液中,用静电纺丝法制备了RGO/PU纳米复合纤维。讨论了纺丝电压对纤维的影响,考察了复合纤维膜的形貌、导电性能和力学性能。结果表明,纺丝电压为23~28 k V时有明显的泰勒锥;在PU中添加质量分数为0.50%的RGO可以明显提高复合纤维的导电性能;加入RGO后PU纤维拉伸强度和断裂伸长率提升明显。     

聚己内酯静电纺丝纳米纤维与环氧树脂复合涂层防腐性能的研究

利用静电纺丝法在Q345钢表面制备聚己内酯(PCL)与缓蚀剂二巯基苯并噻唑(MBT)的纳米纤维膜PCL/MBT,然后在其表面旋涂环氧树脂(EP),得到复合涂层。通过电化学阻抗谱技术研究了复合涂层的防腐蚀性能。结果表明:在温度为25 ℃、湿度20%、纺丝电压15 kV、接收距离18 cm、V(氯仿)∶V(丙酮)=2∶3的条件下,PCL质量分数为12%,MBT质量浓度为0.01 g/mL时,静电纺丝得到的纳米纤维表面光滑,粗细均匀。电化学测试结果表明:EP/PCL/MBT复合涂层的防腐性能优于EP/PCL或EP涂层。     

SA溶液浓度对乳液静电纺丝SA/PCL纳米纤维成形的影响

乳液静电纺丝可制备同时含有亲水和亲油两相结构的复合纳米纤维。以聚己内酯(PCL)/三氯甲烷为连续相,海藻酸钠(SA)/去离子水为分散相,失水山梨醇脂肪酸酯(Span80)为乳化剂,制备油包水(W/O)型乳液,并采用乳液静电纺丝技术制得SA/PCL复合纳米纤维膜,经与Ca2+置换制得海藻酸钙(CA)/PCL复合纤维膜,研究了SA溶液浓度对纤维成形的影响。结果表明:表面活性剂Span80和分散相SA水溶液的加入可有效增加PCL的可纺性;当乳液体系中SA溶液体积一定,SA溶液浓度对SA/PCL乳液的黏度无明显影响;随SA溶液浓度的增加,SA/PCL乳液的表面张力降低,SA/PCL复合纳米纤维的直径出现极大值,但均小于仅添加Span80所得的PCL纳米纤维;SA在复合纳米纤维成形过程中会向纤维表面迁移,从而可实现SA与Ca2+交换,且离子交换后形成纤维间的粘连结构。     

碳酸乙烯酯对聚己内酯/冰乙酸电纺纤维的影响

在聚己内酯(PCL)/冰乙酸(GAC)溶液体系中加入低毒低挥发性溶剂碳酸乙烯酯(EC),采用静电纺丝法成功制备纳米纤维,采用扫描电子显微镜研究了不同EC浓度对制得的纤维形貌和直径的影响。结果表明,当溶液中PCL质量分数为20%,EC体积分数从0%变化到9%时,纳米纤维数量增加,平均直径逐渐变小;当EC体积分数从9%变化到15%时,微米纤维或珠串状纤维数量开始增加,平均直径逐渐变大。对比研究了EC体积分数为9%的溶液与未加EC的溶液的纺丝稳定性,同时对比研究了由这两种溶剂分别制备的纳米纤维膜和微米纤维膜的结构和性能。结果表明,PCL/GAC/EC溶液体系黏度可在24h内保持稳定,满足连续电纺要求;X射线衍射测试结果表明两种纤维膜结晶构型一致,只是结晶度和晶粒大小有所区别;傅里叶变换红外光谱分析结果表明EC对PCL的化学结构没有影响;与微米纤维膜相比,纳米纤维膜的比表面积提高了362.6%,平均孔直径有所减小,接触角有所增大;纳米纤维膜的拉伸断裂应力稍大但断裂应变明显小于微米纤维膜。     

电纺制备聚乳酸/聚醚砜复合纳米纤维膜及性能研究

采用同轴静电纺丝制备聚乳酸/聚醚砜(PLA/PES)复合纳米纤维膜，通过改变皮层溶液的挤出速率以及在芯层溶液中分别添加石墨烯（GO）、碳纳米管(MWCNTs)、埃洛石（HNTs）纳米粒子，制备了系列皮芯结构的复合纳米纤维膜。通过扫描电子显微镜、纤维强伸度仪、接触角测定仪等仪器测试表征了复合纳米纤维膜的纤维结构、拉伸强度、疏水性以及吸油倍率等性能。结果表明，制备的复合纳米纤维膜的接触角均大于130 °，表现出较好的亲油疏水性；当往芯液中添加石墨烯(GO)时，纳米纤维膜的吸油性能、拉伸性能最好，在甘油中的吸油倍率可达到67.61倍，食用油中可达到48.02倍，纵向断裂强度为62.68 MPa，横向断裂强度为43.98 MPa，横向断裂伸长率可达到697.76 %。     

Fabrication and Characterization of Highly Oriented Composite Nanofibers with Excellent Mechanical Strength and Thermal Stability

Here, highly‐oriented poly(m‐phenylene isophthalamide)/polyacrylonitrile multi‐walled carbon nanotube (PMIA/PAN‐MWCNT) composite nanofiber membranes with excellent mechanical strength and thermal stability are successfully produced using electrospinning. It is demonstrated that the cooperation of multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and high‐speed rotating collection is beneficial to the acquisition of highly oriented fibers and effectively improves the mechanical strength of the membrane along the orientation direction. Specifically, the tensile stress of poly(m‐phenylene isophthalamide)/polyacrylonitrile (PMIA/PAN) membrane is enhanced significantly from 10.6 to 20.7 MPa, benefiting from the highly oriented alignment of the fibers as well as the reinforcing effect of MWCNTs on the fibers. Furthermore, the stressing process of single fiber and fiber aggregates is carefully simulated, and the influence of MWCNTs on the mechanical properties of PMIA/PAN‐MWCNT membranes is analyzed comprehensively, providing a meaningful auxiliary means for the study of mechanical properties. In addition, the composite nanofiber membrane has the advantages of both PMIA and PAN, possessing high temperature resistance, flame‐retardancy, and chemical stability, for an ideal high‐temperature material. In short, the as‐prepared PMIA/PAN‐MWCNT composite membrane with excellent comprehensive property emerges a promising application in many fields, especially in high‐tech.     

剑麻纤维/长玻纤混杂增强PP复合材料的力学性能研究

采用剑麻纤维(SF)和长玻璃纤维(LGF)混杂增强聚丙烯(PP)复合材料,考察了SF/LGF的比例和含量对PP复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明:SF/LGF在聚丙烯树脂基体中呈交叉网状分布,这有利于提高复合材料的冲击强度、弯曲模量、拉伸强度和软化点。在SF/LGF质量比为2 2∶,二者总质量分数为30%时,SF/LGF混杂增强PP复合材料的综合力学性能较好。     

Evaluation of drug release property and blood compatibility of aspirin-loaded electrospun PLA/RSF composite nanofibers

In this paper, PLA/RSF with different mass ratios and aspirin-loaded PLA/RSF composite nanofiber membranes were prepared via electrospinning. Polylactic acid (PLA) and regenerated silk fibroin (RSF) were dissolved in trifluoroacetic acid and dichloromethane at a volume ratio of 70/30. The structure analysis made by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) suggested that PLA and RSF blended very well in the composite membranes. In addition, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that the average diameters of composite nanofibers were between 80 and 210 nm. Furthermore, the composite nanofibers had better uniformity in the range of the experiment, and the average diameter of composite nanofibers decreased with the increase of aspirin content. Wettability performance was investigated via contact water angle meter; the hydrophilic property of composite membranes had been improved with the existence of SF. Drug release property was tested by detecting the absorbency of drug in PBS solution via UV–visible spectroscopy, and the results showed that drug release rate reached the maximum when the mass ratio of PLA/RSF was 8/3. With the raise of aspirin content, the drug release rate increased. The in vitro anticoagulation behavior was studied by static platelet adhesion test. The results revealed that the anticoagulation property of composite membranes was superior to that of pure PLA nanofiber membranes. The anticoagulation property significantly improved in the presence of aspirin.     

Electrospun Poly(ε-Caprolactone)/Silk Fibroin Coaxial Core-Sheath Nanofibers Applied to Scaffolds and Drug Carriers

Developing biologically mimetic nanofibers (NFs) is crucial for their applications as scaffolds in tissue engineering and drug carriers. Herein, we present a strategy to facilely fabricate core-sheath NFs using coaxial electrospinning technique. Poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) and silk fibroin (SF) were employed as component materials to construct PCL/SF NFs with PCL cores uniformly encapsulated by SF sheaths. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy demonstrate a uniform core-sheath structure of the coaxial NFs. The engineered core-sheath structure confers the composite NFs with greatly improved properties including surface hydrophilicity and mechanical properties. In vitro cell culture validates that the core-sheath NFs are favorable to the cultured rat pheochromocytoma cells (PC 12) attachment. To further demonstrate the advantage of the coupled structural integrity, the PCL/SF core-sheath NFs were compared with the NFs produced from PCL and SF blend. Results showed that the PCL/SF NFs possessed a tensile strength of ~6.93 ± 0.52 MPa and an elongation at break of ~294.31 ± 24.17%, whereas the blend NFs possessed ~5.55 ± 0.50 MPa and ~88.05 ± 13.98%, respectively. Dexamethasone-phosphate sodium (DEX) was employed as a model drug, whereby the in vitro release study indicates that the NFs exhibit an ideal releasing profile, capable of releasing DEX continuously over a period of 450 h. The constructed PCL/SF core-sheath NFs are promising candidates for biomedical applications. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 60:802–809, 2020. © 2020 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Preparation and characterization of electrospun poly(ε‐caprolactone)/poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) nanofiber composites containing silver particles

A nanofiber membrane composed of poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL), poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP), and silver nanoparticles was prepared via electrospinning technique. The morphology and structure of the PCL/PVP/Ag nanofibers composite were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The SEM images showed that various composites of PCL/PVP/Ag could be electrospun to yield continuous and uniform nanofibers. FTIR spectra indicated that the molecular interactions between PCL and PVP are weak. The hydrophilicity, mechanical property, and swelling behavior of the as‐spun composites can be manipulated by altering the blend ratio of PCL/PVP. XRD patterns and XPS spectra showed that the Ag nanoparticles were dispersed in the PCL/PVP nanofiber composites; and the Ag nanoparticles endowed the PCL/PVP/Ag composite with antibacterial activities. The obtained PCL/PVP/Ag nanofiber composites with the morphology similar to that of native extracellular matrix have the potential to create a moist environment and to kill bacteria, which make it possible to be used for wound dressing application. POLYM. COMPOS., 37:2847–2854, 2016. © 2015 Society of Plastics Engineers     

TiO_2/SiO_2复合纳米纤维的GQDs改性及其对甲醛的可见光催化降解性能

采用静电纺丝法合成了TiO_2/SiO_2柔性复合纳米纤维膜,而后对其进行石墨烯量子点(GQDs)改性,制备了GQDs/TiO_2-SiO_2复合纳米纤维,其中GQDs用水热法合成。用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、电子万能材料试验机、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、紫外-可见分光光度计(UV-Vis)对其物相组成、力学性能、微观形貌以及光催化性能进行了表征。结果表明:尺寸在7 nm~15 nm之间的GQDs松散沉积在直径为200 nm~400 nm的TiO_2/SiO_2纳米纤维上,纤维连续性好,复合薄膜有较好的力学性能;TiO_2的结晶较好,为锐钛矿相;GQDs复合后将TiO_2的本征吸收从390 nm左右延伸到了420 nm左右,拓宽了TiO_2的吸收范围。在可见光催化降解中,初始浓度为0.32 mg/m~3的甲醛气体110 min后的降解效率达到70%。     

取向PAN/MWCNTs与热塑性聚烯烃复合材料的制备及表征

利用静电纺丝并借助高速旋转的滚筒和热牵引作用制备不同取向度的聚丙烯腈/碳纳米管（PAN/MWCNTs）纳米纤维膜,通过高速滚筒和热牵引提高PAN的结晶度从而提高材料的拉伸强度和弹性模量,但会降低断裂伸长率;MWCNTs含量为0.5 %（质量分数,下同）时PAN/MWCNTs力学性能最佳。利用浸渍法将各种取向度的PAN/MWCNTs纳米纤维膜与热塑性弹性体（POE）制备成一系列POE/PAN/MWCNTs复合材料（POE/PM）。结果表明,高取向度POE/h?P2M复合材料的拉伸强度比不取向POE/u?PME复合材料高71 %,拉伸强度显著提高,断裂伸长率则减小,PAN/MWCNTs纳米纤维膜含量为6.7 %时,复合材料的力学性能最佳。     

Fabrication of Chitosan/Silk Fibroin Composite Nanofibers for Wound-dressing Applications

Chitosan, a naturally occurring polysaccharide with abundant resources, has been extensively exploited for various biomedical applications, typically as wound dressings owing to its unique biocompatibility, good biodegradability and excellent antibacterial properties. In this work, composite nanofibrous membranes of chitosan (CS) and silk fibroin (SF) were successfully fabricated by electrospinning. The morphology of electrospun blend nanofibers was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the fiber diameters decreased with the increasing percentage of chitosan. Further, the mechanical test illustrated that the addition of silk fibroin enhanced the mechanical properties of CS/SF nanofibers. The antibacterial activities against Escherichia coli (Gram negative) and Staphylococcus aureus (Gram positive) were evaluated by the turbidity measurement method; and results suggest that the antibacterial effect of composite nanofibers varied on the type of bacteria. Furthermore, the biocompatibility of murine fibroblast on as-prepared nanofibrous membranes was investigated by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and MTT assays in vitro, and the membranes were found to promote the cell attachment and proliferation. These results suggest that as-prepared chitosan/silk fibroin (CS/SF) composite nanofibrous membranes could be a promising candidate for wound healing applications.