电位计式电子油门位置传感器的原理与检测

电子油门位置传感器是汽车发动机的重要控制装置。电子油门位置传感器位于电子控制系统当中,向ECU传递油门踩踏深度与快慢的信号,ECU接受到电子油门位置传感器的信号后,相对应的由ECU控制油门电机工作进而控制节气门的开启角度与开启速度。电子油门位置传感器信号的主要作用是作为发动机工况的主要判断信号,例如加速、减速、急加速、急减速以及怠速工况,参与发动机工况调节、牵引力控制系统和巡航控制系统等。本文以电位计式电子油门位置传感器为例,简要分析了电位计式电子油门位置传感器的组成结构与工作原理,并结合应用实践重点分析了电位计式电子油门位置传感器的故障检测方法。     

基于参数寻优的定位误差测试方法

介绍了一类位置随动控制系统定位误差的测试方法,可以在标准测试传感器和被测通道不严格共轴的情况下,准确测量随动系统在设定角位置下的实际输出,可省去精密安装夹具的设计和加工,提高测试精度和效率。     

基于FPGA的空间倾斜角测量控制系统研究

摘要：针对转台工作面空间角位置定位测量的问题,设计和实现了一种基于FPGA的空间倾斜角测量控制系统。该测控系统以圆光栅和水平电容传感器作为测量元件,根据给定的目标测量位置和传感器反馈角度值对超声波电机进行PID控制,在上位机处理测角数据和发送控制信号。FPGA实现了倾斜角测控系统的高度集成、快速跟踪和精确定位,首先通过波形仿真对验证光栅信号的细分计数和PID控制输出,最后对水平电容传感器输出在± 3″内精确定位性能进行了实验验证。     

一种基于视觉的移动机器人定位系统

具有自主的全局定位能力是自主式稳定机器人传感器系统的一项重要功能,为了实现这个目的,国内外均在不断地研究发展各种定位传感器系统,这里介绍了一种采用光学蝗全方位位置传感器系统,该传感器系统由主动式路标、视觉传感器、图象采集与数据处理系统组成,其视觉传感器和数据处理系统可安装在移动机器人上,然后可通过观测路标物「视角定位的方法,计算出机器人在世界坐标系中的位置和方向,实验证明,该系统可以只的在线定位,     

基于微振动台的传感器位置偏移自校准系统设计

MEMS传感器放置位置的准确性对部分高精密系统的精准检测至关重要。据此,本文提出一种基于微振动台的传感器位置偏移检测与自校准系统。并采用MPU6050模块实验论证器件位置偏移对其输出性能的影响。为了实现器件位置偏移定量检测与校准,建立基于MEMS微振动台的传感器位置偏移检测与自校准模型,有限元仿真分析传感器位置偏移,对器件输出性能的影响。仿真结果表明：当传感器在微振动台中心位置时,机械灵敏度和电容分辨率分别提高了1.31%和1.25%。放置偏移后,器件其灵敏度和电容分辨率呈现线性下降,通过建立器件位置偏移与输出性能下降的对应关系,为后续的信号处理算法补偿传感器输出结果,实现器件性能校准提供了一种便捷实用的设计方案。     

基于双霍尔传感器的磁性小球悬浮控制系统研究

本文设计并实现了一种基于双线性霍尔传感器结构的磁性小球悬浮控制系统,在电磁驱动器底端及顶端中心位置各同向布置一个线性霍尔传感器,通过传感器信号调理电路,将两路传感器的输出信号作减法处理,消除了电磁驱动器磁场对传感器输出信号的影响。试验表明,磁性小球到电磁驱动器底端距离为16.46~42.46 mm时,调理电路输出电压值与磁性小球到电磁驱动器底端距离的负三次方成正比。基于PID控制策略,设计了一个磁性小球悬浮控制系统,选取合适的PID控制器参数,试验表明,系统的超调量和响应速度能够符合设计要求,磁性小球实现了在25 mm位置处的稳定磁悬浮,系统的位置控制精度达到±0.125 mm。     

基于比例阀门的精密气压控制方法研究

对精密气压控制方法进行了研究,应用气动比例阀门作为压力产生的执行机构,采用模拟和数字PID双闭环反馈控制,采用硅压阻模拟传感器和数字石英谐振传感器的双传感器结构,对系统控制结构进行设计,实现了气体压力的精密控制,压力输出准确度为0.02％,控制稳定性达0．003％。系统压力产生速度快、没有压力过冲,控制精度高,稳定性好。该系统为压力参数的自动检定提供了精密压力基准源,可以实现压力表、压力变送器和压力传感器的自动检定校准。     

控制电位型水中臭氧电化学传感器的试验研究

阐述了控制电位型水中臭氧电化学传感器的结构及其原理,通过对循环伏安曲线、极化曲线和不同电位时的电流响应对比曲线的综合分析,得出控制电位为0.50 V时传感器电流响应线性度好、灵敏度高。此外,设计并应用了电位控制和测量电路,实现了对传感器的电位控制以及输出信号的处理。     

非接触式直线位移计设计与测试

目前国内外非接触式线性位移计种类较多，但耐温125℃且适用于井下狭小空间的非接触式直线位移计几乎没有。由于项目特殊需求，开发了基于AS5600磁性旋转位置传感器的非接触式直线位移计，用于测量采油行业中高温环境下井下控制流量阀内筒的位移变化，实现油嘴开度的精准控制。AS5600磁性旋转位置传感器通常用于测量角速度或角位移计在180°范围内具有0.2°的角精度，在0.5英寸范围内具有0.002英寸线性精度。通过合理的传感器布局和算法可将其用于测量210 mmL量程内直线位移。该位移计宽度15 mm、厚度5 mm,根据实验测试测量精度可达到±0.05 mm。通过测试可在紧凑的空间结构高的智能钻完井工具上应用。     

具有自动定位的航空无刷直流直线作动系统

介绍了一种由无刷直流电动机和蜗轮蜗杆机构组成的航空直线作动系统,采用AT89C51单片机实现了无刷直流电动机驱动控制,并借助无刷电机固有的转子位置传感器实现了直线位置的间接检测与控制,系统可对指令位置进行定位、记忆、复位以及位置动态跟踪与控制;实验证明：其数字式控制方法简便,位置定位准确,控制精度高.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。