基于倾斜光纤光栅的相对湿度传感器

提出了一种基于倾斜光纤光栅(TFBG)的包层上覆盖着聚乙烯醇(PVA)的空气相对湿度传感器,成功实现了对相对湿度在20～98%RH范围内的监测。研究发现,TFBG的透射功率在20～74%RH和74～98%RH2个相对湿度区域内分别呈现不同的线性变化,敏感度分别为2.52 dBm/%RH和14.95 dBm/%RH,并且在高湿度区有更高的敏感性。     

基于倾斜光纤光栅及其表面等离子效应的折射率传感比较研究(英文)

介绍了倾斜光纤光栅作为折射率传感器的测量原理,给出它的倾斜角8°与中心波长1550nm的反射谱与透射谱,分析了具有表面等离子的倾斜光纤光栅传感机理。为验证折射率传感的可能性与优点,进行了蔗糖浓度溶液的裸倾斜光纤光栅与镀金的倾斜光纤光栅的折射率测量分析,证明镀金后的表面等离子效应倾斜光纤光栅折射率传感器其灵敏度大大增加。     

光纤布拉格光栅的折射率传感研究

采用光纤布拉格光栅制备折射率传感器,研究光纤光栅的折射率传感灵敏度与其包层直径之间的关系。理论分析可得,光栅包层直径越小,Bragg波长的偏移量随环境折射率变化的影响越大,这样就能使实验中光栅所反射的LD光功率变化(传感灵敏度)越明显。利用氢氟酸溶液腐蚀光栅包层的方法,得到不同包层直径的光纤Bragg光栅折射率传感器。实验指出,包层直径减小时,光栅可传感的折射率范围会缩小,而其折射率的传感灵敏度却会增大,如包层直径为8.9 μm时,折射率的检测范围为1.3872~1.4730,其最大灵敏度值达到了224.0320 dBm/RIU。     

基于PI湿敏薄膜的分布式光纤Bragg光栅湿度传感器

研究了基于聚酰亚胺（PI）湿敏薄膜的分布式光纤Bragg光栅（FBG）湿度传感器。传感器利用PI薄膜湿膨胀效应,将湿应变作用于Bragg栅区,从而改变光纤FBG湿度传感器中心波长的原理,实现了对26-98％RH范围内环境相对湿度的监测。通过改进PI湿敏薄膜的制备及涂覆工艺,有效提高了FBG湿度传感器性能,并采取了相应温...     

U-shaped micro-groove fiber based on femtosecond laser processing for humidity sensing

A novel optical fiber sensor with a U-shaped micro-groove structure ablated by femtosecond laser on single-mode fiber for measuring air relative humidity (RH) is reported in this paper. In order to improve the accuracy of sensor, a graphene oxide (GO)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite film is coated on the surface of micro-groove structure. In the U-shaped micro-groove structure, the remaining core and micro-cavity in the micro-groove make up two major optical propagation paths, forming a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI). The sensor has a good linear response within the RH range of 30%—85%, and the maximum sensitivity can reach 0.638 1 nm/%RH. The effect of temperature on the overall performance of the humidity sensor is also investigated. As a new type of all-fiber device, the sensor shows excellent sensitivity and stability.     

A novel oil level monitoring sensor based on string tilted fiber Bragg grating

In this paper,we present a novel oil level monitoring sensor based on string tilted fiber Bragg grating(TFBG).The measurement range and sensitivity of oil level monitoring can be modulated via changing the length and number of string tilted fiber gratings.The transmission spectrum of string TFBGs immersed in oil changes obviously with the oil level variation.Experiments are conducted on three 2 cm-length serial TFBGs with the same tilted angle of 10o.A sensitivity of 3.28 dB/cm in the string TFBG sensor is ...     

改进长周期波导光栅折射率传感特性的研究

提出了一种附加高折射率覆盖层的长周期波导光栅折射率传感器结构.通过模拟外折射率变化所引起的高阶模式等效折射率的改变以及该高阶模式与基模相耦合的谐振波长的漂移,研究了长周期波导光栅对外界环境折射率的传感特性.模拟表明,高折射率外覆盖层的加入会使得原有的覆盖层高阶模式发生重组,高阶模式等效折射率和模式耦合的谐振波长随之发生跳变.此时,长周期波导光栅外折射率传感器的敏感度和工作范围将极大地提高.     

Refractive index sensor based on measuring the transmission power of tilted fiber Bragg grating

A low-cost, compact and practical method to measure the surrounding refractive index (SRI) is proposed by measuring the transmission power of the tilted fiber Bragg grating (TFBG). The transmission power of the TFBG is detected when the SRI varies from 1.3723 to 1.4532; the power decreases monotonously from ?2.14 dBm to ?3.26 dBm. Under this condition, the resolution of the refractive index of TFBG is predicted to be 10^?4 and the resolution of the concentration of the solution is as slight as 0.01%. Considering its simple configuration and high stability, this way is potential to monitor physical, chemical and biological parameters in the natural environments.     

Study on optical fiber multi-parameter sensor

Based on the principle of fiber Bragg grating detection,an optical fiber sensor for detecting wind speed and temperature and humidity in underground space was designed.The designed optical fiber wind speed sensor was based on the thermal flow detection method,which has high sensitivity to low wind speed.For the speed rising from 0 to 0.5 m/s,the wavelength variation is about 800 pm.For the demodulator with sensitivity of 1 pm,the speed resolution is 0.7 mm/s.Fiber optic humidity sensor was fabricated by uniform surface coating of FBG element in polyimide solution,and detection sensitivity of 4.2 pm/% RH was achieved with accuracy less than ± 3% RH.     

基于大偏置熔接的全光纤法布里珀罗湿度传感器

利用大偏置熔接方法在两段单模光纤(SMF)中间熔接一小段单模光纤作为支撑梁制作了一种开腔式法布里珀罗（F-P）干涉传感器。提出在干涉腔内填充一种湿度敏感型物质聚丙烯酰胺（PAM）从而形成一种高灵敏度的微型湿度计。当PAM通过吸收空气中的水蒸气而引起自身折射率发生改变,从而导致F-P干涉谱发生漂移,通过检测干涉谱的漂移量可以实现对环境相对湿度的测量。实验结果表明,这种湿度传感器在38%~78%的相对湿度范围内,在PAM折射率变化范围内其干涉谱漂移了约4 nm,漂移量与相对湿度的灵敏度约为0.1 nm/%;而在88%~98%的相对湿度范围内可实现高灵敏度的湿度测量,其干涉谱漂移了约59 nm,漂移量与相对湿度的灵敏度为5.868 nm/%。     

800 nm FBG sensing interrogation system based on tilted FBG

An 800 nm band fiber Bragg grating sensing interrogation system using tilted FBG as the core wavelength division component is presented. A charge coupled device (CCD) linear array is put on the focal plane of the lens to detect the light. TFBG is used to tap light out of the fiber core to fiber cladding. The sensing wavelength is 795 to 830 nm,with accuracy of 20 pm and scan speed 100 Hz. Using FBG sensor,we achieve the temperature sensitivity of 1.8 ℃ and strain sensitivity of 18 με.     

采用聚酰胺酸层的高灵敏度长周期光纤光栅温度传感器

设计并论证了一种高灵敏度的长周期光纤光栅（LPG）温度传感器。将LPG的包层腐蚀,封装进金属外壳使LPG保持恒定拉力,再密封进盛满聚酰胺酸（PAA）的试管中,其中聚酰胺酸热光系数较大,作为感温材料。测试并讨论了使用不同折射率的聚酰胺酸与不同包层直径的LPG时,LPG共振波长随温度变化的漂移。结果显示,对于一个直径已知的特定LPG,当使用较大折射率的聚酰胺酸时,LPG温度传感器的灵敏度变高。对于使用相同折射率聚酰胺酸的LPG,随着LPG的包层直径减小,LPG温度传感器的灵敏度变高。实验制作的LPG温度传感器的灵敏度为1.26 nm/℃,约为普通LPG制作的传感器的10倍,以及普通FBG制作的传感器的100倍。这种新传感器在2~35℃线性度为99.80%,这提高了传感器的潜在应用,特别是在生物医学检测,海洋监测等这些温度范围接近室温的领域。     

基于倾斜光纤光栅的温度不敏感振动传感器

提出了一种基于倾斜光纤光栅与多模光纤相结合的温度不敏感振动传感器,其振动传感头是在倾斜光纤光栅与单模光纤之间加入一小段多模光纤所组成。倾斜光纤光栅的反射光谱有布拉格模和包层模两部分组成,其中多模光纤的作用是将倾斜光纤光栅反射包层模耦合到单模光纤的基模。倾斜光纤光栅包层模对外界振动很敏感,通过传感器的包层模平均输出功率完成对外界振动物理量测量。由于采用强度解调的方式,可以大大降低传感器装置的复杂性。实验表明：当传感器温度从20 ℃上升到70 ℃时,传感器的输出平均光功率均方根误差为0.01 μW,其反射光谱平均输出功率影响很小,故可以避免外界温度对测量结果的影响。     

Fiber Cavity Ring-Down Refractive Index Sensor

An exploratory study on a novel fiber long-period grating (LPG) cavity ring-down refractive index sensor is conducted. By detecting the ring-down curves at different ambient refractive index levels, the performances of the LPG sensor are investigated. The experimental results demonstrate by using this sensing setup the change of the refractive index in 1.35-1.43 region could be effectively detected.     

基于MSM结构的表面等离子体共振光纤折射率传感器

基于表面等离子体共振(SPR)效应,设计了一种基于多模-单模-多模(MSM)结构的光纤折射率传感器。采用光纤熔接的方式构成MSM结构,并且在单模光纤的表面涂覆二氧化钛/银(TiO2/Ag)复合膜构成传感单元。利用FDTD Solutions仿真分析了单模光纤长度与金属膜厚度对传感器性能的影响。结果表明:单模光纤长度越长,共振深度越深;TiO2/Ag复合膜中Ag膜厚度为50nm,TiO2膜厚度为20nm时,传感器性能最优,在1.33~1.41环境折射率范围内,传感器的灵敏度约为6 875nm/RIU。实验结果表明该光纤折射率传感器结构制作工艺简单、灵敏度高。     

Characteristics of cladding index modulated fiber gratings for ambient refractive index sensing

Characteristics of cladding index modulated fiber gratings for ambient refractive index sensing is studied in this paper. The modes propagation properties and coupling properties in cladding index modulated FBG are studied based on the classical coupling mode theory while considering interactions among multiple modes and developed on a three-layer step-index fiber geometry. Evolution of cladding mode resonance spectra of cladding index modulated FBG with the decreasing of fiber diameter is simulated and compared with the core grating. Sensing characteristics of cladding modes resonance of cladding index modulated FBG to the variation of ambient refractive index is detailed and emphasized for cladding modes resonances has a much narrower bandwidth. Results show that cladding index modulated fiber grating has better spectrum for ambient refractive index sensing applications under the same sensitivity with core index modulated fiber grating and may be applied to many field including biochemical sensing and environmental monitoring.     

Parameters optimization of π-phase-shifted long-period fiber grating for gas sensing

The gas-sensitive film coated π-phase-shifted long-period fiber grating(LPFG),consisting of two same long-period fiber gratings cascaded by a regular fiber with length of half of the grating period,is proposed for gas sensing.The sensitivity of the sensor is defined by the change rate of the transmission at specific wavelength with respect to the film refractive index.The qualitative and numerical analyses show that to get a high sensitivity,the optimal coupling strength of each long-period fiber grating is...     

基于长周期光纤光栅的光纤液位传感器

为了测量液位在警戒值附近变化的情况, 采用新款光纤熔接机制作了一种基于锥形结构的长周期光纤光栅测量液位的光纤传感器, 对传感器进行了理论分析, 搭建了液位传感实验系统, 根据传感器对外界环境的折射率灵敏度, 测量浸没在液体中的光纤长度。结果表明, 在0 mm~12 mm的液位测量范围内, 光纤液位传感器的峰值波长灵敏度和透射功率灵敏度分别是0.700 nm/mm和1.377 dB/nm。该传感器对液位变化测量较为准确, 且采用刻栅方式可有效解决传统长周期光纤光栅中存在的非对称模耦合和偏振依赖性高等问题, 同时具有制作简单、成本低和应用前景广泛等优点。     

基于光纤环镜的温度不敏感相对湿度传感器

提出了一种基于两段相同长度的保偏光纤环镜的温度不敏感相对湿度传感器,其中一段保偏光纤经高浓度的氢氟酸腐蚀后覆以一层湿敏材料聚乙烯醇薄膜用于获得空气的相对湿度,另一段保偏光纤则对传感器的温度进行补偿。该传感器成功实现了对周围环境相对湿度(RH)20%~80%范围内的测量,同时不受外界环境温度的影响。实验表明,该传感器所得数据呈现出良好的线性关系,获得的湿度灵敏度为0.98 nm/%(RH),温度所带来的影响仅为0.0072 nm/℃,达到了消除温度影响的目的。     

井下油套环空级联式光纤光栅压力传感器的研制

为了实现对油水井下油套环空中狭小空间大量程压力的监测,研制一种级联式的光纤光栅压力传感器。首先,根据实际工况,设计一种基于平膜片和等强度梁相结合的光纤光栅压力传感器封装结构;采用级联式的方法,在未改变原有光纤光栅性能指标的前提下,扩大传感器的测量范围,解决压力测量范围和灵敏度之间的矛盾;通过力学分析验证研制的传感器结构的合理性与可行性,同时阐明其温度补偿的方法。实验结果表明:本文传感器的测压范围为0～30MPa,灵敏度为329.5pm/MPa,线性度达到98%以上。并且传感器结构简单,尺寸小巧,易于实现,装配到油管后的实际厚度仅为17mm,能够满足油水井下油套环空中压力的监测要求。