不育男性精浆锌、铜和超氧化物歧化酶与衣原体感染的关系

目的观察沙眼衣原体(CT)感染与精浆锌(Zn)、铜(Cu)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)含量的关系。方法应用精子活体染色技术和Zn、Cu,SOD含量检测试剂盒,分别检测52例正常生育男性(正常对照组)和58例CT感染不育男性(CT感染组)的精子存活率与精浆Zn、Cu、SOD活性。结果CT感染组中精子存活率、精浆Zn、Cu、SOD含量较正常对照组显著降低(P<0.01)。结论CT感染可引起精浆Zn、Cu、SOD含量降低,精子膜发生氧化损伤,影响精子的存活率和活动力。     

吸烟对男性精液质量、精子DNA完整性及Chk1基因表达的影响

目的探讨吸烟对男性精液质量、精子DNA完整性Chk1基因表达的影响。方法将1 128例研究对象分为不吸烟组及吸烟组,且依据每日吸烟支数将吸烟组划分为轻度吸烟组、中度吸烟组、重度吸烟组,依据吸烟年限将吸烟组划分为:短烟龄组、中烟龄组、长烟龄组。对各组患者行精液常规参数、精子形态、精子DNA完整性及精子Chk1基因mRNA相对表达量检测。同时就精子DNA完整性及精子Chk1基因mRNA相对表达量与精液常规参数的相关性进行分析。结果(1)吸烟组与不吸烟组总体比较:吸烟组前向运动精子率及DNA双链精子百分率较不吸烟组显著下降(P0.05)。(2)不同烟量的影响:轻度、中度及重度吸烟组与不吸烟组相比,前向运动精子均显著下降(P0.05),且重度吸烟组头部精子缺陷率较不吸烟组显著增高(P0.05)。(3)不同烟龄的影响:长烟龄组精液量、浓度、总数及前向运动精子率较不吸烟组均下降显著(P0.05),中烟龄组较不吸烟组,仅前向运动精子率显著下降(P0.05)。长烟龄组头部精子缺陷率较不吸烟组显著增高(P0.05)。(4)相关性分析:精子DNA损伤程度与男性精液浓度及前向运动精子率间存在相关性(P0.05)。吸烟组患者较不吸烟组患者Chk1基因mRNA相对表达量降低(P0.05),且精子Chk1基因mRNA表达水平与男性精液浓度及前向运动精子率间存在相关性(P0.05)。结论吸烟可引起男性精液质量下降,且随着吸烟时间的延长及日吸烟量的增加,精液质量下降更为显著。而且,吸烟引发的精液质量下降不仅与精子DNA完整性存在一定的相关性,同时与DNA损伤修复相关基因Chk1下调相关。     

吸烟对男性精液质量的影响

目的 探讨吸烟对男性精液质量的影响.方法 应用伟力彩色精子质量分析系统对180例不育男性(96例不育吸烟组和84例不育非吸烟者)和112例正常生育男性精液从精液量、液化时间、精子总数、精子密度、精子活力、精子活率等参数方面进行分析.结果 (1)不育吸烟组、不育非吸烟组与正常对照组比较,精子活力、精子活率等参数显著降低(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),液化时间延长(P＜0.05),而精液量、精子密度和精子总数之间无显著性差异(P＞0.05);(2)不育吸烟组与不育非吸烟组相比,精子活力、精子活率显著降低(P＜0.05或P＜O.01);(3)小烟量组和短烟龄组与不育非吸烟组相比,精液各参数之间差异无显著性(P＞O.05).大烟量组和长烟龄组与不育非吸烟组相比,精子总数、精子密度、精子活力和精子活率都显著降低(P＜O.05或P＜0.01),液化时间显著延长(P＜0.01);(4)小烟量组和短烟龄组分别与大烟量组和长烟龄组相比,精子密度、液化时间、精子活力和精子活率等均有显著性差异(P＜0.0 1).结论 (1)吸烟对男性精液质量的不良影响存在量效和时效关系.(2)大量吸烟(日吸烟量＞20支)和长期吸烟者(烟龄＞10年)可能是引起男性不育的重要原因之一.     

吸烟对育前男性精浆活性氧含量及精子质量的影响

目的:了解重庆市育前男性吸烟现状及吸烟对育前男性精浆活性氧(ROS)含量及精子质量的影响,为育前夫妇优生优育指导提供参考。方法:根据吸烟情况,将368例育前男性分为不吸烟组,轻度吸烟组(每天吸烟≤9支及吸烟年限≤5年),中、重度吸烟组(每天吸烟≥10支及吸烟年限≥5年;或每天吸烟量≤9支及吸烟年限≥10年)。全部对象进行体格检查和病史询问,填写健康调查表,并进行精液参数、精浆ROS含量、精子DNA碎片指数(DFI)检测。结果:368例育前男性中,有吸烟史者为53. 26%,中、重度吸烟者为29. 35%;仅55. 44%和52. 59%的育前男性的正常形态精子百分率和前向运动精子百分率(PR%)在正常参考值范围内。中、重度吸烟组与不吸烟组相比,精液量[(2. 78±1. 08) ml vs (3. 33±1. 20) ml]、精子浓度[(75. 16±60. 13)×106/ml vs (88. 19±70. 33)×106/ml]、PR%[(32. 18±15. 24)%vs (36. 58±13. 90)%]、正常形态精子百分率[(3. 52±1. 58)%vs(3. 85±1. 93)%]显著下降(P均0. 05);精子DFI[(14. 53±12. 85)%vs (10. 45±8. 53)%]和精浆ROS[(24. 10±18. 50) nmol/mg prot vs (12. 20±8. 10) nmol/mg prot]含量均显著增高(P 0. 05)。吸烟与育前男性精浆ROS含量显著正相关(r=0. 235,P 0. 05);吸烟者精浆ROS含量与PR%(r=-0. 381,P 0. 01)、精子总数(r=-0. 136,P 0. 05)、正常形态精子百分率(r=-0. 218,P 0. 01)显著负相关;与精子DFI显著正相关(r=0. 387,P 0. 01)。结论:吸烟会导致育前男性精浆ROS含量升高,精子总数和PR%下降,诱导精子畸形和DNA损伤。     

吸烟者精浆对非吸烟者精子功能的毒性效应

目的:吸烟已被公认具有普遍的健康危害,并且有证据表明吸烟对男、女生殖健康均有影响。本研究的目的就是提供证据说明吸烟通过改变精液和精子质量来影响男性的生育能力。方法:我们评价了吸烟者(SM)的精浆(SP)(用PBS进行不同浓度的稀释,1/0;1/1;1/2;1/6;1/10)对非吸烟者(NSM)精子的直接影响。结果:非吸烟者的精子暴露于吸烟者的精浆一定时间,可导致因丙二醛水平升高所致的精子膜完整性受到破坏、精子活力下降和环(在明胶载玻片上因顶体反应导致环绕精子头部的清晰区带)的数量减少。结论:吸烟者的精子暴露于非吸烟者的精浆导致精子功能障碍改善,提示,去除吸烟者的精浆,然后重新加入含足量抗氧化体系的精浆,可能对各种辅助生育技术应用于吸烟者有临床意义。     

肥胖男性精浆锌-α2糖蛋白与精液质量的相关性

目的:探讨肥胖男性精浆锌-α2糖蛋白(ZAG)与精液质量的关系。方法:130例在生殖中心就诊的男性特发性不育患者为研究对象,采用ELISA方法检测精浆ZAG蛋白含量,比较不同精浆ZAG水平下精液质量情况,分析ZAG、精浆锌与精液质量的相关性以及肥胖对精浆锌、ZAG和精液质量的影响。结果:130例研究对象精浆ZAG含量为(111.29±26.50)μg/ml,以精浆ZAG进行三分位分组,3组间精子浓度和精子总数差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。相关性分析发现,精浆ZAG与体质指数(BMI)、腰围(WC)、精子浓度和精子总数呈显著负相关(P0.01);精浆锌与BMI、腰围呈正相关(P0.05),与精液量和精子前向运动百分率呈负相关(P0.05),而血清ZAG与精浆锌、ZAG和精液质量无相关性。以WC和BMI分组发现,肥胖男性精浆ZAG和精子前向运动百分率显著降低,精浆锌含量显著增高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:肥胖可能引起精浆中锌和ZAG代谢紊乱,精浆微环境发生改变从而影响精液质量。     

吸烟和不吸烟不育男子精液参数比较

为了探讨吸烟对精液各参数的影响及与不育的关系,本文选择了吸烟和不吸烟不育男子各50例,作精液各参数对比研究。结果表明:少、中量吸烟(1～20支/天)对精液各参数无明显影响,大量吸烟者(>20支/天),1次射精精子总数显著低于不吸烟组(P<0.01),精子密度、活动精子百分率及前向运动级别也明显低于不吸烟组(P<0.05)。提示大最吸烟可能对生育有不良影响。作者认为,对于不育男子,尤其是精子质量不良者,应避免大量吸烟。     

重庆市孕前男性精液质量的现状及影响因素初步调查

目的了解本市孕前男性精液质量现状及其影响因素,为孕前夫妇优生指导提供参考。方法对401例孕前男性进行体格检查和病史询问,填写健康调查表,并进行精液质量检测。结果 (1)孕前男性的精液量、精子浓度的中位数分别为3.0m L、71.7×106/m L;前向运动精子(PR)、精子总活力、存活率中位数分别是36.3%、46.5%、49.1%;精子形态正常率、精子DNA碎片指数正常率的中位数分别为3.1%,90.92%。(2)与WHO第五版标准对比:90%的孕前男性精液量、精子浓度和精子总数、精浆锌含量、精浆果糖含量正常;但精子PR,总活力和存活力、形态的正常率较低,符合率分别是53.8%,63.7%;63.7%、54.9%。(3)多因素关联性分析发现:吸烟、饮酒、经常热水浴和生活压力显著影响精子质量,差异具统计学意义(P0.05)。结论重庆市孕前男性精液质量较差,主要表现在精子活力下降和形态畸形。改变吸烟、饮酒、热水浴等不良生活习惯和减轻生活压力对提高男性精子质量非常重要。     

男性不育症精浆中超氧化物歧化酶、锌、睾酮含量的研究

本文采用一种简便灵敏的改良邻苯三酚法测定了236例不育症患者和27例正常育龄男子精浆中铜锌超氧化物歧化酶(CuZn-SoD)含量,同时还测定了精浆锌(Zn)和睾酮(T)含量。结果表明:在不育症精浆中,CuZn-SOD、Zn、T与精子密度之间均有显著正相关(P<0.01);CuZn-SOD和Zn含量与精子活动度均有密切关系,含量高活动度也高(P<0.001);CuZn-SOD和Zn之间亦存在显著正相关(P<0.01). 在精子密度范围同60～100×10~6/ml时.不育组与生育组精浆中CuZn-SOD、Zn、T含量均无统计学差异(P<0.2).本究究提示.CuZn-SOD作为精浆保护因子,通过抑制类脂过氧化反应使精子免受损伤。精浆CuZn-SOD含量测定有可能作为衡量精液质量的新指标。应用SOD类制剂治疗男性不育症可能有裨益。     

不育症患者精浆IL-1β、IL-4、IL-10含量测定及临床意义

目的 :观察男性不育症患者精浆中白细胞介素 1β(IL 1β)、白细胞介素 4 (IL 4 )、白细胞介素 10 (IL 10 )含量 ,及其与精子的各项功能指标之间的相互关系。　方法 :应用放射免疫分析 (RIA)技术 ,对 12 6例男性不育症和 2 0例正常生育者精浆中IL 1β、IL 4、IL 10含量进行检测。根据精子密度将不育症患者分为A组 (精子密度≥ 2 0× 10 6/ml)、B组 (精子密度 <2 0× 10 6/ml)和C组 (无精子症者 ) 3组 ;根据精子活动力、活动率将A组分别分为精子活动力正常组和不良组 ,精子活动率正常组和下降组 ;根据不育症患者血清抗精子抗体 (AsAb)检测结果、精液中WBC多少分为AsAb阳性组和阴性组 ,WBC精液组和非WBC精液组。根据生育组检测结果 ,将不育A组和B组分为精子穿透力正常组和下降组 ,精子顶体完整率正常组和下降组 ,精子尾部肿胀率正常组和下降组。　结果 :不育症组精浆IL 1β含量显著高于生育组 (P <0 .0 1) ,IL 4、IL 10含量显著低于生育组 (P <0 .0 1)。不育症组精浆中IL 1β、IL 4、IL 10含量在WBC精液组与非WBC精液组、血清AsAb阳性组与阴性组之间差异均有显著性 (P <0 .0 5或P <0 .0 1) ;IL 4含量在不育症组精子活动力、活动率、精子穿透力、顶体完整率、尾部肿胀率正常与减少之间差异均有显著性 (P <0     

Effect of smoking on semen quality of infertile men in Shandong, China

Aim: To study the effect of smoking on the semen quality in infertile men in Shandong Province, China. Methods:Adult non-drinker males attending the infertility clinic, including 110 non-smokers and 191 smokers, were recruited forthe study. Sixty-one fertile, non-smoker and non-drinker males, who had one or more children, served as the controls.The smokers were divided into subgroups according to the amount and duration of smoking. Semen parameters (semenvolume and sperm density, viability, motility, and morphology) were examined and seminal plasma contents of Zn,Cu and superoxide dismutase (SOD) determined. Results: The semen volume and acidity, and the sperm density,viability and forward progression, as well as the seminal plasma contents of Zn, Cu and SOD were much lower in themedium, heavy and long-term smokers than in the non-smokers ( P < 0.01). The sperm density, viability and forwardprogression, and the seminal plasma Zn, Cu and SOD levels were negatively correlated with the amount and duration     

Smoking influence on sperm vitality,DNA fragmentation,reactive oxygen species and zinc in oligoasthenoteratozoospermic men with varicocele

This study aimed to assess the influence of smoking duration and intensity on sperm vitality, sperm DNA fragmentation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and zinc (Zn) levels in oligoasthenoteratozoospermic (OAT) men with varicocele (Vx). A total of 246 men were investigated who were divided into OAT nonsmokers, OAT smokers, OAT nonsmokers and OAT smokers with Vx. They were subjected to history taking, clinical examination and semen analysis. In their semen, sperm hypo‐osmotic swelling (HOS) test, sperm DNA fragmentation test, seminal ROS and seminal Zn were assessed. The results demonstrated significantly decreased HOS test, seminal Zn level and significantly increased sperm DNA fragmentation, seminal ROS levels in OAT smokers with Vx more than OAT smokers compared with OAT nonsmokers. Smoking intensity, smoking duration and Vx grade demonstrated significant negative correlations with sperm motility, HOS test percentage and significant positive correlations with sperm DNA fragmentation, seminal ROS level. It is concluded that smoking has a negative impact on sperm progressive motility, HOS test, seminal Zn and positive impact on sperm DNA fragmentation, semen ROS level that are exaggerated if Vx is associated being correlated with smoking intensity, smoking duration and Vx grade.     

不育症患者精浆锌,铜和超氧化物歧化酶的检测及意义

为探讨精浆 Ｚｎ 、 Ｃｕ 与超氧化物歧化酶（ Ｓ Ｏ Ｄ） 含量的相关性，以及氧自由基对男性生育力的影响，采用电位溶出法和放射免疫分析法，对１０８ 例男性正常生育者和３５０ 例男性不育症患者的精浆 Ｚｎ 、 Ｃｕ ， Ｃｕ Ｚｎ Ｓ Ｏ Ｄ 含量进行了测定。其结果不育组精浆 Ｚｎ 、 Ｃｕ ， Ｃｕ Ｚｎ Ｓ Ｏ Ｄ 含量较生育组显著降低（ Ｐ＜ ０ ．００１） ；精浆 Ｃｕ Ｚｎ Ｓ Ｏ Ｄ 含量均随着 Ｚｎ 、 Ｃｕ 含量的降低而降低，其间呈一定程度的正相关（ Ｐ＜ ０ ．００１） 。在精浆缺乏 Ｚｎ 、 Ｃｕ 时，精浆 Ｃｕ Ｚｎ Ｓ Ｏ Ｄ 含量降低，氧自由基产生增加，精浆抗氧毒性能力下降，提示氧自由基与男性不育有关。     

Semen Quality of Infertile Couples — Comparison between Smokers and Non-Smokers

Comparison of semen quality was undertaken between 60 smoking and 50 non-smoking men attending infertility investigation. As far as possible, other factors which might influence semen quality were eliminated. The men were allocated into groups according to sperm density and number of cigarettes smoked per day. The percentage of motile sperm in heavy smokers with oligozoospermia and the total sperm count were lower, the difference being significant at the 1% and 5% levels, respectively. No correlation was found in percentage of sperm with morphologically abnormal heads, midpieces or tails. Heavy smoking may have a detrimental effect on the motility of sperm. Further studies are needed to explain the mechanisms by which smoking affects spermatogenesis.     

Effect of smoking on seminal plasma ascorbic acid in infertile and fertile males

This work aimed to assess the relationship of seminal ascorbic acid levels with smoking in infertile males. One hundred and seventy men were divided into four groups: nonobstructive azoospermia [NOA: smokers (n = 20), nonsmokers (n = 20)]; oligoasthenozoospermia [smokers (n = 30), nonsmokers (n = 20)]; asthenozoospermia [smokers (n = 20), nonsmokers (n = 20)] and normozoospermic fertile men [smokers (n = 20), nonsmokers (n = 20)]. The patients underwent medical history, clinical examination, conventional semen analysis and estimation of ascorbic acid in the seminal plasma calorimetrically. There was a significant decrease in the mean seminal plasma ascorbic acid levels in smokers versus nonsmokers in all groups (mean +/- SD; 6.03 +/- 2.18 versus 6.62 +/- 1.29, 7.81 +/- 1.98 versus 9.44 +/- 2.15, 8.09 +/- 1.98 versus 9.95 +/- 2.03, 11.32 +/- 2.15 versus 12.98 +/- 12.19 mg dl(-1) respectively). Fertile subjects, smokers or not, demonstrated significant higher seminal ascorbic acid levels than any infertile group. Seminal plasma ascorbic acid in smokers and nonsmokers was correlated significantly with sperm concentration (r = 0.59, 0.60, P < 0.001), sperm motility (r = 0.65, 0.55, P < 0.001) and negatively with sperm abnormal forms per cent (r = -0.53, -0.50, P < 0.001). Nonsignificant correlations were elicited with semen volume (r = 0.2, 0.09) or liquefaction time (r = 0.03, 0.06). It is concluded that seminal plasma ascorbic acid decreased significantly in smokers and infertile men versus nonsmokers and fertile men, and is significantly correlated with the main sperm parameters: count, motility and normal morphology. Also, cigarette smoking is associated with reduced semen main parameters that could worsen the male fertilizing potential, especially in borderline cases.     

Comparison of zinc concentrations in blood and seminal plasma and the various sperm parameters between fertile and infertile men

The aim of the study was to examine the relationships between concentrations of zinc in blood and seminal plasma and sperm quality among infertile and fertile men. One hundred seven male (infertile group) partners of couples who were undergoing investigation for infertility with no known cause for the infertility and 103 men (fertile group) whose wives were pregnant at the time of the study were recruited. The subjects' blood and seminal plasma concentration of zinc were determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Except for semen volume, all the other semen parameters for the infertile men were significantly lower than those for the fertile group. The geometric means of the seminal plasma zinc concentration were significantly lower in the infertile group compared with those in the fertile group; 183.6 mg/L (range, 63-499) versus 274.6 mg/L (range, 55-420). There were no significant differences in the geometric means of the blood zinc concentration between the 2 groups. Seminal plasma zinc concentration was significantly correlated with sperm density (r = 0.341, P < .0001), motility (r = 0.253, P < .0001), and viability (r = 0.286, P < .0001). On the basis of the findings of this study and those of other reports, zinc may contribute to fertility through its positive effect on spermatogenesis.     

A study on occupational exposure to petrochemicals and smoking on seminal quality

A cross-sectional study of 68 petrochemical workers (23 had never smoked [E/NS], 45 were current smokers [E/S]) and 130 subjects with no known history of exposure to petrochemicals (49 had never smoked [NE/NS], 81 were current smokers [NE/S]) was conducted to assess the effect of occupational exposure to petrochemicals and smoking on semen quality. In-person interviews revealed occupational history, smoking habit, and lifestyle. Semen parameters such as volume, viability, sperm forward progression rate, sperm density, and total sperm count were determined for all subjects. The results show that the E/NS workers had a lower sperm forward progression rate (P < .05) compared with controls (NE/NS). Individuals in the NE/S group showed a significant inverse relationship between years smoked and sperm density (r = -.24, P < .05). The data also revealed that cigarette smokers who had worked in a petrochemical plant had significantly poorer quality semen, including sperm density, total sperm count, and forward progression rate, compared with the control (NE/NS) group (P < .01). Furthermore, there was a significant inverse correlation between combined exposure and smoking years, and sperm density (r = -.28, P < .05). These findings suggest that occupational exposure to petrochemical compounds may aggravate the adverse effect that smoking has on semen quality.     

精浆游离L-肉毒碱水平及其与精子密度、活动率及活力的相关性研究

目的:研究正常生育及不育男性精浆中游离L-肉毒碱水平差异及其与精子密度、活动率(a+b+c级精子百分率)及活力(a+b级精子百分率)之间的相关性,探讨精浆中游离L-肉毒碱水平对男性生育力的影响及其在不育症检查和治疗中的作用。方法:分别采用高效液相色谱法和计算机辅助精液分析系统,测定了230例不育症患者(精子密度正常117例,少精子症81例,无精子症32例)和30例正常生育男性精浆中游离L-肉毒碱水平及精子密度、活动率、活力等参数。根据检查结果对不育症患者分组后,以SPSS12.0软件包进行统计学分析,比较各组间游离L-肉毒碱水平的差异以及游离L-肉毒碱水平与精子密度、活动率、活力之间的相关性。结果:正常生育组精浆游离L-肉毒碱水平明显高于不育组(P<0.01)。精液中精子密度越低、活力越弱,这种差异性越显著。相关性分析结果显示,精浆游离L-肉毒碱水平与精子密度呈显著正相关关系(r=0.521,P<0.01),与精子活动率和活力之间也具有正相关关系(r=0.319,P<0.01;r=0.251,P<0.01)。结论:精浆L-肉毒碱水平与精子密度、活动率和活力之间密切相关,其含量测定作为一项有用的生化指标,可为男性不育症检查及临床诊治和进行有关男性生殖功能机制研究提供参考。