光纤光栅传感系统信号解调技术

主要从四个方面介绍了光纤光栅传感系统的信号解调技术,即滤波解调技术、可调窄带光源解调技术、干涉解调技术和色散解调技术,并对以上各种解调技术的优缺点进行了分析和讨论。     

光纤光栅传感系统信号解调技术

主要从四个方面介绍了光纤光栅传感系统的信号解调技术，即滤波解调技术，可调窄带光源解调技术、干涉解调技术和色散解调技术，并对以上各种解调技术的优缺点进行了分析和讨论。     

基于光纤差分相移键控的色散补偿方案的研究

为了研究光差分相移键控(DPSK)调制格式在光纤高速传输系统中的色散补偿, 利用色散补偿光纤(DCF)的色散补偿原理, 对40Gbit/s光纤传输系统进行色散补偿, 分析了40Gbit/s单通道光纤传输系统中3种DPSK调制格式信号的频谱特性; 仿真了3种码型的色散容忍度以及3种调制格式在考虑光纤的非线性下的色散补偿方案。结果表明, 光非归零码差分相移键控(NRZ-DPSK)信号具有最好的色散容忍度, 但其受非线性的影响比较大; 33%归零码差分相移键控(33%RZ-DPSK)信号的色散容忍度差, 但其色散补偿后的效果优于NRZ-DPSK; 而载波抑制归零码差分相移键控信号对色散和非线性效应都有较好的抑制; 3种DPSK调制格式均在对称补偿2方案中色散补偿的效果最佳。此仿真研究对光DPSK信号在光纤中的色散补偿具有参考意义。     

Costas环法BPSK信号解调的研究与实现

载波同步与解调是通信系统中的关键技术之一。二相相移键控(BPSK)、四相相移键控(QPSK)调制是最基础、最常见的2种相移键控调制方式,应用比较广泛,因此其信号的正确、快速解调的研究变得非常重要。这里主要研究了科斯塔斯(Costas)环法BPSK信号的解调方法,QPSK信号可以看成2路BPSK信号,不难以文中所述为基础实现QPSK信号的解调。在Simulink平台对BPSK信号的解调进行了仿真,介绍了BPSK信号的产生、载波同步解调过程的仿真模型,给出了比较详细的实现过程,对仿真结果进行分析。仿真结果表明,文中搭建的仿真模型能够实现BPSK信号的解调。     

基于DPSK调制的自由空间光通信性能分析

介绍了相干DPSK(差分相移键控)的调制和解调原理,并对零差解调、外差解调和MZI(马赫-曾德干涉)解调三种相干解调方式进行了理论分析。利用Matlab和Optisystem仿真软件构建了基于DPSK调制的FSO(自由空间光通信)系统,得到不同条件下系统误码性能;对三种解调方式进行了仿真,仿真结果表明,零差相干解调方式具有更好的误码性能,更适合FSO。     

基于晶体延迟干涉仪的20-Gb/sNRZ-DQPSK解调实验研究

光差分四相移键控(DQPSK)信号解调技术是相位调制光纤通信系统中的关键技术,本文利用钒酸钇(YVO4)晶体设计制作了2 bit延迟干涉仪(DI)作为DQPSK解调器。相对于传统的基于光纤结构的DI,用晶体材料制作的DI具有温度稳定性高的特点,其作为光DQPSK解调技术中的关键器件,具有广泛的应用前景。实验搭建了20 Gb/s光NRZ-DQPSK背靠背实验系统,并利用自主设计制作的DI成功实现了NRZ-DQPSK信号解调。实验结果与计算机仿真计算结果一致。     

四种级联差分相位调制码的100 Gbit/s传输

在级联相位调制的100 Gbit/s光信号传输系统中,对差分相移键控非归零码(NRZ-DPSK)、差分相移键控归零码(RZ-DPSK)、差分四相相移键控非归零码(NRZ-DQPSK)和差分四相相移键控归零码(RZ-DQPSK)进行了比较研究.当四种信号通过90 km的标准单模光纤(SMF)和16 km的色散补偿光纤(DCF)传输后,在满足相同入纤功率的条件下,NRZ-DQPSK信号具有最高的色散容限;如果仪仪考虑一阶偏振模色散(PMD),RZ-DQPSK信号具有最优的抗偏振模色散特性;当入纤功率在O～10 dBm的范围内凋节时,RZ-DPSK信号具有最好的非线性容忍度;最后比较了四种相位调制码型传输后通过不同带宽的三阶高斯滤波器后的接收性能,得出滤波器带宽值大于125 GHz后,NRZ-DPSK信号的接收性能最佳.     

采用后向瑞利散射空间差分的周界安防分布式振动监测

提出了应用于周界安防的基于后向瑞利散射光空间差分干涉的光纤分布式振动传感监测方案。环境振动信号引起传感光纤的相位变化,含有相位信息的后向瑞利散射信号注入到非平衡迈克尔逊干涉仪,实现了后向瑞利散射信号的空间差分干涉,光纤分布式振动传感监测完成相位信号的解调,提高了系统的灵敏度。该系统能够实时监测入侵者的行走路线和速率以及模拟挖掘的距离的判断,实现了15 dB的信噪比以及35 m的探测距离。     

用于探测极低频信号的光纤传感器相位生成载波解调方法

提出并实现了一种用于微弱极低频信号探测的干涉式光纤传感器相位生成载波(PGC)解调方法。对PGC解调方法中微分交叉相乘(DCM)及反正切(Arctangent)两种相位抽取算法应用于极低频信号解调进行了理论分析和算法仿真,其结果表明,DCM式PGC算法解调极低频信号时,其结果中存在直流漂移,而Arctangent式PGC算法的解调结果中不存在直流漂移问题。进而基于光纤干涉仪搭建了极低频光纤传感系统,并进行了两种PGC解调算法的对比实验,实验结果表明,Arctangent式PGC算法不存在DCM式PGC算法解调极低频信号时的直流漂移,且能够准确解调极低频信号,与理论分析的结论相符。最后采用Arctangent式PGC算法实现了极低频干涉式光纤传感系统,该系统达到的最低可探测信号频率为0.01 Hz,最小可探测信号为4×10-4rad/Hz,动态范围为110 dB@1 Hz,线性相关系数为99.99%。     

基于马赫-曾德尔干涉仪的光纤光栅脉搏波解调方法

提出了一种用于智能服装中脉搏检测的光纤布拉格光栅(FBG)波长解调方法。基于光子晶体光纤(PCF)制作了一种基于模间干涉的在线马赫-曾德尔干涉仪(In-line MZI),将其作为边沿滤波器应用到FBG波长解调系统中,其温度灵敏度不超过3.5 pm/℃(25℃~60℃范围内)。实验结果表明,本解调系统能够实现2 nm范围内的线性解调,波长灵敏度为0.055 nm~(-1),波长分辨率可达2.2 pm,对FBG脉搏信号的解调结果与SM130波长解调仪的解调结果相一致。     

Optical DPSK demodulator based on /spl pi/-phase-shifted fiber Bragg grating with an optically tunable phase shifter

We propose and demonstrate a novel optical differential phase-shift keying (DPSK) demodulator with an optically tunable phase shifter. The proposed DPSK demodulator is implemented by using a /spl pi/-phase-shifted fiber Bragg grating and an Yb/sup 3+/-Al/sup 3+/ codoped optical fiber. A 10-Gb/s DPSK signal was successfully demodulated by the proposed demodulator, showing clearly open eye diagrams as well as bit-error-free performance. Moreover, the phase of delayed optical signal can be tuned by the phase shifter that is controlled by a pumping light at around 980nm.     

Modulation and demodulation techniques in optical heterodyne PSKtransmission systems

Modulation and demodulation techniques are described for an optical PSK heterodyne transmission system operating at 560 Mb/s and 1.2 Gb/s. Performance limitations affecting the receiver sensitivity in a 1.2-Gb/s DPSK system, such as laser phase noise, phase modulation depth, IF center frequency deviation, and local laser power, are studied. High receiver sensitivities for PSK systems were achieved. The applicability of the Mach-Zehnder modulator as a phase modulator for 1.2-Gb/s DPSK is also demonstrated. A 1.2-Gb/s DPSK transmission of over 100 km, using polarization diversity with novel polarization-insensitive automatic frequency control in an attempt to overcome signal fading caused by polarization fluctuation in the transmitting fiber, is also described. A receiver sensitivity of less than -42.8 dBm and varying within 1.4 dB for all states of polarization was achieved. A multichannel high-definition TV (HDTV) transmission experiment using a DPSK polarization-diversity tunable receiver is described     

All-Optical RZ-DPSK WDM to RZ-DQPSK Phase Multiplexing Using Four-Wave Mixing in Highly Nonlinear Fiber

We propose and experimentally demonstrate an all-optical phase multiplexing scheme using four-wave mixing in a highly nonlinear fiber. Two 10-Gb/s pi/2-shifted return-to-zero (RZ) differential phase-shift-keying (DPSK) wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) signals are successfully phase-multiplexed into a 20-Gb/s RZ differential quadrature phase-shift-keying signal with a negative 1.6-dB power penalty. With more input DPSK WDM signals, the proposed scheme can be applied to obtain a multilevel phase-shift-keying signal with increased capacity and enhanced spectral efficiency.     

Self-Pumping Wavelength Conversion for DPSK Signals and DQPSK Generation Through Four-Wave Mixing in Highly Nonlinear Optical Fiber

A novel scheme is proposed to achieve self-pumping wavelength conversion for two differential phase-shift keying (DPSK) signals at different wavelengths through four-wave mixing (FWM) effect in a highly nonlinear optical fiber. By changing the phase modulation depths to pi/2 for both of the DPSK signals, the two signals can be multiplexed to generate a differential quadrature phase-shift keying signal. The simulations and experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of phase manipulations for phase-shift keying signals through the FWM process     

基于保偏光纤模式干涉的温度传感技术

基于Sagnac光纤干涉仪偏振非互易的光纤温度传感器的理论、方案和相关技术,利用光强度直接测量的信号检测技术,实现了单点温度传感并进行了实验验证.实验和测试表明:这种温度传感器达到了0.01℃的温度分辨率和稳定性,通过改变温度传感头的长度和传感保偏光纤的双折射率,可方便地调节其测量范围.同时又提出了一种新的反射型保偏光纤温度传感方案并研制出微小型保偏光纤温度传感头.在此基础上,实现了多点温度测量,研制出大型变压器绕组温度监控用多点温度传感系统,在0～200 ℃的温度范围内达到了0.5℃的测量精度和分辨率,研制的传感头满足高电压绝缘和热油、热蒸汽的恶劣环境要求.     

SLED光源的恒温恒流控制系统研究

采用以单片机为核心的控制电路和PID控制算法,对SLED的温度和驱动电流进行高精度的控制,使工作温度可在0℃～30℃设定范围内稳定到±0.01℃以内,驱动电流在20mA～200mA设定范围内可稳定在±0.02mA以内,满足了光纤传感系统对光源光谱分布和输出功率稳定性的需要。     

Performance of directly modulated DFB lasers in 10-Gb/s ASK, FSK,and DPSK lightwave systems

A comparison is presented of the performance of amplitude-shift-keying (ASK), frequency-shift keying (FSK), and differential-phase-shift-keying (DPSK) lightwave systems which operate at 10 Gb/s with directly modulated 1550-nm distributed feedback (DFB) laser transmitters and conventional 1310-nm dispersion-optimized fiber. Computer modeling techniques were used to accurately simulate the amplitude modulation response and the frequency modulation response of DBF lasers. The system performance is evaluated from simulated eye patterns for both direct and heterodyne detection. With the narrow-optical spectral widths of these signal formats, fiber chromatic dispersion limits up to 70 km were obtained for transmission at 1550-nm using conventional 1310-nm optimized fiber     

高温环境下高功率半导体激光器驱动电源设计

半导体激光器驱动电源的性能直接影响着激光输出稳定性和激光器寿命。给出40℃高温环境下100w高功率光纤耦合半导体激光器模块的驱动电源设计方法,主要包括：恒流源设计、TEc双向温度控制器及相应的单片机控制器和保护电路设计等。该驱动电源实现了电流输出范围0～45A连续可调,电流控制精度优于1％;控温范围＋15℃～＋35℃,控温精度0．5℃。     

高平均波长稳定性超荧光光纤光源

光纤陀螺要求其光源具有高功率、宽谱输出,同时在大温度范围内仍具有好的平均波长稳定性。为了满足-45℃~70℃大温度范围的应用需求,采用双程后向抽运、法拉第旋转反射、带通滤波等技术手段,对光纤材料和器件进行大温区全局优化,以改善超荧光光纤光源的平均波长稳定性。理论分析了不同中心波长和带宽的带通滤波器以及光纤长度等参量对平均波长稳定性的改善效果,以及和光谱带宽的关系。按照设计结果选择滤波、光纤长度等参量,通过对-45℃~70℃全温区范围进行系统全局优化设计,得到输出功率为32mW,功率稳定性为0.65%,光谱带宽为12.5nm,光源平均波长变化量为23.5×10-6。结果表明,平均波长稳定性在0.5×10-6/℃以下的高稳定性超荧光光纤光源中,32mW输出功率非常高;所得的0.2×10-6/℃是115℃大温差范围、30mW以上超荧光光纤光源中非常优异的平均波长稳定性指标,满足光纤陀螺对光纤光源的要求。