AZ91镁合金表面合成聚苯胺涂层及其腐蚀性能研究

采用循环伏安法(CV)在含草酸、苯胺单体的溶液中以AZ91镁合金为基底沉积聚苯胺(Pani)涂层,并通过IR和SEM等手段对涂层的结构和形貌特征进行表征;同时通过极化曲线、开路电位-时间曲线及电化学阻抗谱(EIS)等评价涂层在3.5%Na Cl溶液中的耐蚀性。结果表明,聚苯胺涂层有效提高了镁合金基体的自腐蚀电位,并导致镁合金腐蚀电流密度下降近两个数量级;长期浸泡过程中发现涂层能够有效抑制腐蚀溶液的渗透,阻止基体合金的腐蚀。     

KH-151硅烷改性纳米ZrO2对铝合金表面环氧树脂涂层防护性能的影响

在6061铝合金表面制备了硅烷改性纳米ZrO₂环氧树脂涂层,采用电化学测试和腐蚀试验,研究了纳米ZrO₂添加量对硅烷改性纳米ZrO₂环氧树脂涂层防护性能的影响,并对比了不同转化处理工艺下涂层的物理性能和防护性能。结果表明：当纳米ZrO₂添加量为100 mg/L时,硅烷改性纳米ZrO₂环氧树脂涂层试样的极化电阻为2 719Ω·cm²、自腐蚀电流密度为2.528×10^-6 A·cm^-2;在经不同转化处理工艺处理的涂层中,硅烷改性纳米ZrO₂环氧树脂涂层的平均厚度为55μm,涂层剥离面积比例为5%,附着力达到1级,极化电阻最大,自腐蚀电流密度最小,涂层防护性能最佳。     

水性聚苯胺/海泡石/丙烯酸乳液复合防腐蚀涂层研究

目的研究水性聚苯胺/海泡石/丙烯酸乳液复合防腐涂层在NaCl溶液中对马口铁的防腐效果。方法采用原位化学氧化聚合方法,制备了聚苯胺/海泡石复合材料,并以丙烯酸乳液为成膜物质,制备了水性聚苯胺/海泡石/丙烯酸乳液复合防腐蚀涂层材料。通过扫描电镜和EDX对聚苯胺/海泡石复合材料的结构和形貌进行了表征。利用电化学交流阻抗谱、塔菲尔曲线和硫酸铜点滴试验,研究了海泡石/苯胺投料比、聚苯胺/海泡石复合材料用量、磷酸浓度等对复合涂层防腐性能的影响。结果扫描电镜观察显示,苯胺/海泡石复合材料具有纤维状结构。电化学测试及硫酸铜点滴试验表明,当海泡石/苯胺投料比为6:10、聚苯胺/海泡石复合材料用量为0.2%、磷酸浓度为0.1 mol/L时,其腐蚀电流密度为1.013X10~(-6)A/cm~2,腐蚀电位为-0.385V,极化电阻为14 350.8?,耐硫酸铜腐蚀时间为275 s,防腐效果最佳。结论当海泡石/苯胺投料比为6:10、聚苯胺/海泡石复合材料用量为0.2%、磷酸浓度为0.1 mol/L时,水性聚苯胺/海泡石/丙烯酸乳液复合防腐涂层对马口铁具有最佳的防腐效果。     

GO/Si3N4改性环氧树脂涂层防腐透波性能研究

目的 设计并制备集透波、耐蚀一体化天线罩防护涂层.方法 利用KH550与KH560硅烷偶联剂分别对GO与Si3N4进行改性,分别得到改性的f-GO与f-Si3N4,然后将两者进行复合,制得了不同配比的f-GO/f-Si3N4纳米复合材料,将所得纳米复合物填料对环氧树脂涂层进行改性.通过扫描电子显微镜解析改性填料在涂层中的分布状态,利用电化学交流阻抗、极化曲线、吸水试验等方法,分别评价改性涂层的吸水率、耐蚀性,利用介电常数与介电损耗正切值,评价涂层透波性能.结果 借助两种硅烷改性,实现了f-GO与f-Si3N4的化学键合复合.随着f-GO在复合填料中比例的增加,复合填料在环氧树脂涂层中的分散性先升高后下降.涂层极化曲线表明,GS-15改性的环氧树脂涂层具有最小的腐蚀电流密度(1.62×10–11 A/cm2)和最高的腐蚀电位(–0.462 V).涂层电化学阻抗测试表明,当涂层浸泡至3000 h后,GS-15涂层的|Z|0.01 Hz值为9.2×1010?·cm2,比GS-0涂层的低频阻抗模量高约2个数量级.涂层吸水率测试表明,GS-15改性环氧树脂涂层具有最小的吸水率.涂层介电性能测试表明,GS-15改性环氧树脂涂层的介电稳定性更高,同时具有最低的介电常数和介电损耗.结论 在环氧树脂中当复合填料的添加量为5％时,f-Si3N4与f-GO配比为7:3时,复合材料在环氧树脂涂层中的分散性最佳,涂层具有最好的耐腐蚀和透波性能.     

聚苯胺微乳液及其对水性防腐涂料防腐性能的影响

目的用不同酸掺杂的聚苯胺微乳液制备水性防腐涂料,提高马口铁表面涂层的耐腐蚀性能。方法采用扫描电子显微镜、傅立叶变换红外光谱和热重分析表征聚苯胺性能,通过动电位极化法及耐水性、耐盐雾和耐盐水实验检测聚苯胺微乳液水性防腐涂层的防腐性能,用铅笔硬度和划格法表征涂层的硬度和附着力。结果磷酸掺杂聚苯胺微乳液、本征态聚苯胺微乳液制备的水性防腐涂层都对马口铁起到良好保护作用。含有盐酸掺杂聚苯胺微乳液和不含聚苯胺微乳液的水性防腐涂层在浸泡过程中很快失去保护作用。掺杂态聚苯胺使马口铁表面钝化和屏蔽,本征态聚苯胺起机械屏蔽作用。通过把聚苯胺微乳液添加到水性防腐涂料中,发现涂层的硬度和附着力均没有发生明显下降,表明聚苯胺微乳液在水性防腐涂料中分散均匀,对涂层的性能影响较小。结论当水性防腐涂料中的聚苯胺质量分数为0.3%时,磷酸掺杂的聚苯胺微乳液具有最佳的耐腐蚀性能,其腐蚀电流密度Jcorr=7.359×10-7 A/cm2,腐蚀电位Ecorr=-0.527 V。     

AZ31镁合金冷喷涂纳米晶铝涂层腐蚀性能

为了改善镁合金耐蚀性,采用冷喷涂技术在镁合金AZ31上制备出纳米晶铝涂层,分析了涂层的微观组织,通过电化学试验及中性盐雾试验研究了涂层及基体的腐蚀性能。试验结果表明,涂层的纳米晶结构成功保留,涂层组织致密、厚度均匀,涂层硬度到达111.44 HV0.025,明显高于镁合金基体的硬度(66.8 HV0.025);涂层的自腐蚀电位(-0.78 V)高于镁合金基体的自腐蚀电位(-1.79 V),涂层的自腐蚀电流密度(5.3×10-7A/cm2)比镁合金基体的自腐蚀电流密度(2.45×10-5A/cm2)低2个数量级,盐雾试验表明涂层的耐腐蚀性能明显优于镁合金基体。     

氧化钇纳米颗粒对无铬达克罗涂层耐蚀性能的影响

采用极化曲线、中性盐雾测试、SEM和EDX方法,探讨了Y2O3纳米颗粒对普通碳钢表面无铬达克罗涂层耐腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明：无铬达克罗涂层中掺杂少量Y2O3纳米颗粒可增强其耐蚀性能,使涂层的腐蚀电位升高,腐蚀电流密度降低。Y2O3纳米颗粒不仅可抑制阴极还原反应,从而控制整个腐蚀过程,也可作为物理屏障阻碍腐蚀介质对涂层内部的渗透,但它不能改变极化曲线形状。本无铬达克罗涂层中Y2O3的最佳含量为20 g/L。     

聚苯胺/石墨烯原位复合水性防腐涂料耐蚀性能的研究

目的研究聚苯胺/石墨烯水性防腐涂料的耐蚀性能。方法采用盐酸为掺杂酸,以聚乙烯基呲咯烷酮(PVP-K30)为空间稳定剂,利用原位聚合法,以苯胺和石墨烯为原料,过硫酸铵为氧化剂,制备聚苯胺/石墨烯复合材料。将聚苯胺/石墨烯、纯聚苯胺、石墨烯分别添加到HG-54C乳液中制备水性防腐涂料,利用动电位极化曲线和盐雾试验对比分析聚苯胺/石墨烯、纯聚苯胺、石墨烯水性涂层的防腐性能,再通过傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)、扫描电镜(SEM)对比分析其结构和微观形貌。结果聚苯胺均匀地覆盖在石墨烯的片层结构上形成氧化插层结构。当复合材料浸泡在3.5%Na Cl溶液中,腐蚀电流密度为2.3955×10-7A/cm2。盐雾试验表明,聚苯胺/石墨烯的防腐性能优于添加纯聚苯胺和石墨烯的性能。结论聚苯胺/石墨烯涂层具有良好的耐蚀性能,其耐蚀性能优于纯聚苯胺涂层和石墨烯涂层。     

LaF_3对激光原位合成TiC/Ni涂层耐蚀性的影响

以Ni60、Ti、石墨、Mo及La_3为原料,在闸板表面激光熔覆原位合成了TiC/Ni复合涂层.利用SEM、电化学腐蚀系统对涂层组织和耐蚀性能进行分析.结果表明,未添加LaF_3,和添加3%LaF_3的熔覆层中存在异质相.自腐蚀电流升高,腐蚀电位降低,耐蚀性下降;添加2%LaF_3的熔覆层中异质相消失,腐蚀电流密度降低,腐蚀电位升高,钝化区宽度增加,耐蚀性提高.     

铝表面聚苯胺的电化学合成与性能研究

目的 提高铝在含氯离子介质中的耐腐蚀性能.方法 在含有0.4 mol/L苯胺的1 mol/L硫酸中,采用恒电位法和循环伏安法在铝表面电化学合成聚苯胺,用红外光谱、紫外光谱和扫描电镜对聚苯胺的结构和形貌进行表征.通过动电位极化曲线和电化学交流阻抗测试,研究聚苯胺在0.6 mol/L NaCl、0.6 mol/L HCl、0.3 mol/L H2 SO4和0.3 mol/L H2 SO4+0.6 mol/L NaCl几种腐蚀介质中对铝的防护性能.结果 红外光谱表明,合成的是硫酸掺杂态聚苯胺.紫外-可见光谱表明,不同电化学方法 合成的聚苯胺吸收峰位置相近.扫描电镜观察显示,恒电位法制备的聚苯胺为纳米短棒状结构,而循环伏安法制备的聚苯胺呈现出颗粒状结构.聚苯胺涂层铝在各种腐蚀溶液中的自腐蚀电位都比铝正移,在0.3 mol/L H2 SO4中,恒电位法和循环伏安法制备的试样自腐蚀电位分别提高了769、894 mV.相比于恒电位法,循环伏安法制备的聚苯胺涂层具有更好的防腐蚀性能,在0.3 mol/L H2 SO4+0.6 mol/L NaCl中的保护效率高达91.69%,在0.6 mol/L HCl和0.6 mol/L NaCl溶液中的保护效率分别为80.40%和6.54%.结论 聚苯胺涂层在酸性溶液中比在中性溶液中具有更明显的腐蚀防护效果,在0.3 mol/L H2 SO4+0.6 mol/L NaCl强腐蚀性溶液中能对铝基体起到良好的防腐蚀作用.     

Structural, mechanical and corrosion properties of TiOxNy/ZrOxNy multilayer coatings

Results on the deposition and characterization of TiO_xN_y/ZrO_xN_y multilayers, with bilayer periods of 20 and 400 nm, are presented. The coatings were deposited on TiNiNb alloy substrates by the pulsed magnetron sputtering method. The elemental composition, hardness, adhesion and corrosion resistance of the coatings were analyzed.As resulted from the XPS analysis, the individual layers consisted of a mixture of titanium or zirconium oxynitrides and corresponding oxides. X-ray analysis revealed that the coatings were amorphous. Only slight differences between the microhardness and adhesion values of the coatings with small and large bilayer period Λ were found. The experiments also showed that the multilayered coatings improved the corrosion resistance of the uncoated alloy and reduced the amount of ion release in artificial body fluids.     

MOCVD growth and characterizations of BxAl1−xAs and BxAl1−x−yInyAs alloys

Zinc-blende B_xAl_1−xAs and B_xAl_1−x−yIn_yAs alloys have been grown on exactly oriented (0 0 1)GaAs substrates by low pressure metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (LP-MOCVD). The influence of susceptor coating, growth temperature and gas-phase boron mole fraction on boron incorporation into AlAs has been comprehensively investigated. It has been found that boron incorporation into AlAs could be enhanced and the optimal growth temperature range of B_xAl_1−xAs alloys changed from 580 °C to 610 °C when SiC-coated graphite susceptors were replaced by the non-coated ones. In this study, the maximum boron composition x of 2.8% was achieved for the pseudomorphically strained B_xAl_1−xAs alloys. AFM measurements show that RMS roughness of B_xAl_1−xAs alloys increased sharply with the increase of gas-phase boron mole fraction. Raman spectra of B_xAl_1−xAs alloys show a linear increase of the BAs shift with boron composition x. Based on BAlAs deposition, bulk B_xAl_1−x−yIn_yAs (x = 1.9%) quaternary alloy was grown lattice-matched to GaAs successfully. Moreover, 10-period BAlAs/GaAs and BAlInAs/GaAs MQW heterostructures were also demonstrated.     

生物医用NiTi形状记忆合金腐蚀研究进展

镍钛形状记忆合金(NiTi-SMA)具有较好的耐腐蚀和机械性能,在口腔和临床医学中有着大量而广泛的应用。NiTi-SMA腐蚀后释放Ni²⁺会引发细胞毒性和过敏反应,进一步提高NiTi-SMA的耐蚀性是目前生物医学材料领域发展的核心之一。本文对近年来国内外有关口腔医学和临床医学中常用NiTi-SMA的腐蚀研究现状进行了总结,同时也对NiTi-SMA增材制造及表面改性技术进行了评述,以期为开发高性能抗腐蚀生物医用NiTi-SMA提供一定的指导意义。     

Li掺杂Ba(Ti1/7Sn1/7Zr1/7Hf1/7Nb1/7Ga1/7Li(1/7-x))O3高熵陶瓷的制备及介电性能研究

近年来,在高熵合金基础上发展起来的高熵陶瓷逐渐引起了研究者的广泛关注,其出现为开发高性能的无机非金属材料提供了新的设计思路。本文采用固相法制备了BaMO3基钙钛矿型高熵陶瓷Ba(Ti1/7Sn1/7Zr1/7Hf1/7Nb1/7Ga1/7Li(1/7-x))O3 (x = 0, 2.3%, 5.3%, 8.3%, 11.3%),并研究了Li含量对高熵陶瓷物相结构、微观形貌及介电性能的影响。结果表明,Li含量对陶瓷结构的影响不大,陶瓷均保持立方钙钛矿结构,且无杂相产生;陶瓷的晶粒尺寸相对较均匀。当x = 0时,即B位七元等摩尔比Ba(Ti1/7Sn1/7Zr1/7Hf1/7Nb1/7Ga1/7Li1/7)O3高熵陶瓷,其介电常数达到了最大值2920 (@100 Hz),相较于已报道的不掺Li的六元高熵钙钛矿陶瓷Ba(Ti1/6Sn1/6Zr1/6Hf1/6Nb1/6Ga1/6)O3提升了近50倍。     

Hydrothermal synthesis of superconductors Ba1−xKxBiO3 and double perovskites Ba1−xKxBi1−yNayO3

Superconductors Ba_1−xK_xBiO₃ and body-centered double perovskites Ba_1−xK_xBi_1−yNa_yO₃ have been selectively synthesized by a facile hydrothermal route. The appropriate ratio and adding sequence of initial reagents, alkalinity, reaction temperature and time are the critical factors that influence the crystal growth of the compounds. The purity and homogeneity of the crystals were detected by the ICP, SEM, EDX and TEM studies. Magnetic measurements show that the superconducting transition temperatures T_C of Ba_1−xK_xBiO₃ decrease from 22 K (for x = 0.35) to 8 K (for x = 0.55) with increasing the K doping level.     

High strength and good ductility of casting Al-Cu alloy modified by PrxOy and LaxOy

A modified Al-Cu alloy with high tensile strength and ductility of about 574.0 MPa and 10.4%, respectively, was obtained by adding multiple rare earth oxides (Pr_xO_y and La_xO_y) as modifier. Compared with the unmodified Al-Cu alloy, the tensile strength and ductility of the modified sample were increased by 24.3% and 42.5%, respectively. The improvement both in the strength and ductility may attribute to the finer crystal grains and dendrites, more homogeneously distributed θ′ phase precipitates and the intermetallic compounds formed at the crystal grain boundaries as well as in the space of the dendrites.     

Magnetic phase diagrams of the TbRh2−xPdxPdxSi2 and TbRu2−xPdxSi2 systems

The a.c. susceptibility and high field magnetization on TbRh_2−xPd_xPd_xSi₂ and TbRu_2−xPd_xSi₂ compounds were investigated up to 140 kOe. The (T,x) magnetic phase diagrams were determined. For both systems, an increase in the Pd content causes a decrease in the Néel temperature and changes the magnetization curves.     

Si3N4/Ti/Cu/Ni/Cu/Ti/Si3N4二次部分瞬间液相连接强度

采用Ti/Cu／Ni中间层对Si3N4陶瓷进行二次部分瞬间液相(PTLP)连接，研究连接工艺参数对Si3N4／Ti/Cu／Ni连接强度的影响，同时研究了连接强度随试验温度的变化规律。结果表明，在该试验条件下，室温连接强度随着二次连接温度的提高和二次保温时间的延长而提高，改变连接工艺参数对Si3N4／Ti/Cu／Ni二次PTLP连接界面反应层厚度无明显影响；连接强度在试验温度400℃时达到最大，随后随试验温度升高，连接强度降低，但在800℃前，其高温强度具有很好的稳定性。     

Thermoelectric properties of Sn1−x−yTiySbxO2 ceramics

Thermoelectric properties of Sn_1−x−yTi_y Sb_xO₂ ceramics were investigated in detail. The addition of Sb into SnO₂ matrix increased the electric conductivity, σ. The increase in the σ value should be caused by the increase in the carrier concentration. The Seebeck coefficients of all the samples were negative, which means that these samples have n-type conduction. The samples of this study have porous structure. The maximum Z value of all the samples measured in this study was 2.4 × 10⁻⁵ K⁻¹.     

Structural, electronic, optical and thermodynamic properties of SrxCa1−xO, BaxSr1−xO and BaxCa1−xO alloys

The structural, electronic, optical and thermodynamic properties of Sr_xCa_1−xO, Ba_xSr_1−xO and Ba_xCa_1−xO ternary alloys in NaCl phase were studied using pseudo-potential plane-wave method within the density functional theory. We modeled the alloys at some selected compositions with ordered structures described in terms of periodically repeated supercells. The dependence of the lattice parameters, band gaps, dielectric constants, refractive indices, Debye temperatures, mixing entropies and heat capacities on the composition x were analyzed for x = 0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1. The lattice constant for Sr_xCa_1−xO and Ba_xSr_1−xO exhibits a marginal deviation from the Vegard's law, while the Ba_xCa_1−xO lattice constant exhibits an appreciable upward bowing. A strong deviation of the bulk modulus from linear concentration dependence was observed for the three alloys. The microscopic origins of the gap bowing were detailed and explained. The composition dependence of the dielectric constant and refractive index was studied using different models. The thermodynamic stability of these alloys was investigated by calculating the phase diagram. The thermal effect on some macroscopic properties was investigated using the quasi-harmonic Debye model. There is a good agreement between our results and the available experimental data for the binary compounds which may be a support for the results of the ternary alloys reported here for the first time.