A framework of decision support systems for use on the World Wide Web

Decision making is one of the most important activities for human beings. Complex decision making problems are full of uncertainty and ambiguities. A large amount of data is needed and several strategies must be applied at the same time in order to get a good decision. Research about decision support systems has been proposed to help people effectively solve these kinds of problems. Recently, World Wide Web applications have grown very rapidly and have made a significant impact on computer systems. In this paper, we propose a framework for Internet computing on decision support systems by modifying traditional decision support systems on the World Wide Web. Modules of the proposed framework were also designed to meet the requirements of both decision support and Internet computing. An actual implementation of a travelling schedule domain was conducted to show the feasibility of the proposed framework. The proposed framework provides a feasible solution to building World Wide Web decision support systems in real applications.     

A framework for systems analysis for decision support systems

Comprehensive and elaborate systems analysis techniques have been developed in the past of routine and operational information systems. Developing support systems for organizational decision-making requires new tools and methodologies. We present a new framework for data collection and decision analysis which is useful for developing decision support systems. This task analysis methodology encompasses (1) event analysis, (2) participant analysis, and (3) decision content analysis. With a proper coding manual, it provides a framework for collecting relevant and detailed information required for decision support design and implementation. Further research is suggested for application and evaluation of the methodology in real-life DSS environments.     

Organizational decision support systems

Decision support systems have traditionally been discussed within the context of individual or group decision making. In this paper we study decision support systems from an organizational perspective. We propose a framework for designing an organizational decision support system that is based on a network of knowledgebased systems. Nodes of this network interact with each other, as well as various other organizational systems, to provide comprehensive decision support. This network is also utilized to provide effective support for formal multi-participant decision making.     

A research framework for Web-based open decision support systems

With the prevalence of the Web, most decision-makers are likely to use the Web to support their decision-making. Web-based technologies are leading a major stream of researching decision support systems (DSS). In this paper, we propose a formal definition and a conceptual framework for Web-based open DSS (WODSS). The formal definition gives an overall view of WODSS and creates a uniform research framework for various decision support systems. The conceptual framework based on browser/broker/server computing mode employs the electronic market to mediate decision-makers and providers, and facilitate sharing and reusing of decision resources. We also analyze the basic functions and develop an admitting model, a trading model and a competing model of electronic market in WODSS based on market theory in economics. These models reveal the key mechanisms that drive WODSS function efficiently. Finally, an illustrative example is studied to support the proposed ideas.     

Decision support systems: An expert systems approach

This paper provides a conceptual framework for designing decision support systems (DSS) using an expert systems approach. Currently there is a significant trend towards the use of knowledge-based systems techniques in DSS design, but a comprehensive framework is yet to be proposed. Our paper addresses this problem and presents such a framework. Efforts are currently underway to design, implement and test a system based on this framework.     

Ontology-based data integration and decision support for product e-Design

Currently, computer-based support tools are widely used to facilitate the design process and have the potential to reduce design time, decrease product cost and enhance product quality. Although there are promising information systems to manage product lifecycle and product-related data, including product data management (PDM) and product lifecycle management (PLM), significant limitations still exist, where information required to make decisions may not be available, may be lacking consistency, and may not be expressed in a general way for sharing between systems. Moreover, there remains little support for decision making that considers multiple complex technical and economical criteria, relations, and objectives in product design. To address these problems, this paper presents a framework for an ontology-based data integration and decision support environment for e-Design. The framework can guide designers in the design process, can make recommendations, and can provide decision support for parameter adjustments.     

On the design of an intelligent micro-based DSS for line balancing

The emergence of decision support systems, artificial intelligence, and microcomputers in the information systems area provides us with some new insights for the design and operation of productive systems. In this paper, the authors illustrate how an intelligent microcomputer-based decision support system (DSS) was developed to solve line balancing problems. The conceptual framework, technical issues, and minute details for effectively designing such a system are addressed. Directions for future research are also discussed.     

A Dss Classification Model for Research in Human Resource Information Systems

Any field of study can benefit from a framework into which past and present research can be classified and from which potential research hypotheses can be generated. This article develops a decision support system classification model for research in human resource information systems (HRIS), a model that can then be utilized for evaluating whether an HRIS does provide a competitive advantage for an organization in today's ever-changing, fast-paced, global business environment. As background for this article, the topics of managerial decision making, decision support systems, human resource information systems, and the principle of competitive advantage are reviewed.     

Towards a Framework for Visual Model Development

A number of decision support systems (DSS) based on a visual interactive simulation (VIS) model have been implemented in recent years. A key component of a VIS model is the visual model. Existing VIS model development methodologies suggest methods (such as the paper prototype method) for developing a visual model. However, these methods are quite general and do not contain a framework to guide development. This paper describes a framework which combines the paper prototype method with systems concepts to develop the visual model. The proposed framework consists of eight stages. A project proof of principle example is described in which a VIS-based DSS provides support to the owner of a company selling telephone systems.     

基于Web的决策支持系统界面开发的一种面向对象框架

随着Internet/Intranet在现代企业中的广泛应用，基于Internet/Intranet的决策支持系统已成为一个亟待研究的新领域。许多学者已经对如何把面向对象的编程思想运用到模型管理系统和数据库管理系统中作了大量的研究，但对于界面开发方面的研究还很少。提出了针对基于Web的决策支持系统界面开发的一种面向对象的框架。与传统的方法（如HTML／CGI）相比，这个框架具有鲁棒性、可重用性、可扩展性等优点。最后给出了仿真实例。     

Application of fuzzy set theory to industrial pollution prevention: production system modeling and life cycle assessment

 This research describes a framework and case study application that merges fuzzy set methods, pollution prevention, and sustainable production concepts. There is a direct linkage between industrial pollution prevention, sustainability, and the solution of large-scale environmental problems. This linkage stems from the inherent desire for economic production, while at the same time protecting the environment from further degradation. The methodology combines systems analysis under imprecise conditions with a life cycle assessment method that is able to accept imprecise data. Analysis of systems under imprecise conditions is accomplished through analysis of process flow diagrams using fuzzy set techniques. Introduction of imprecision into life cycle assessment is accomplished by integration of fuzzy set approaches into a decision support system utilizing multiple criteria decision making. The framework is described and a case study application of an industrial parts cleaning system using an open top vapor degreaser is presented. Results of applying the method show that: (1) It is well suited for analysis of complex systems in which input data is sparse and expensive to collect. (2) The proposed framework includes a decision support system that is able to consider life cycle assessment concepts, and is able to reconcile differing opinions on available options for modification of production systems, thereby leading to more sustainable solutions. The authors would like to acknowledge the USEPA Region VII Pollution Prevention Division, and the Pollution Prevention Incentives for States program, for their support of this research. In addition, the authors would like to recognize the support of the University of Nebraska Water Resources Center and Center for Infrastructure Research. The authors would also like to thank Dan Crist and Yuezhang Wang for their assistance with fuzzy systems modeling.     

Developing and assessing an intelligent forex rolling forecasting and trading decision support system for online e‐service

An effective foreign exchange (forex) trading decision is usually dependent on effective forex forecasting. In this study, an intelligent system framework integrating forex forecasting and trading decision is first proposed. Based on this framework, an advanced intelligent decision support system (DSS) incorporating a back‐propagation neural network (BPNN)‐based forex forecasting subsystem and Web‐based forex trading decision support subsystem is developed, which has been used to predict the directional change of daily forex rates and provide intelligent online decision support for financial institutions and individual investors. This article describes the forex forecasting and trading decision method, the system architecture, main functions, and operation of the developed DSS system. A comparative study is conducted between our developed system and others commonly used in order to assess the overall performance of the developed system. The assessment results show that our developed DSS outperforms some commonly used forex forecasting and trading decision systems and can provide intelligent e‐service for forex traders to make useful trading decisions in the forex market. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Int Syst 22: 475–499, 2007.     

基于内联网的决策支持系统及其应用研究

本文提出了一种新的基于内联网的决策支持系统框架结构,通过EDUDSS原型系统说明了基于内联网的决策支持系统的实现过程,并揭示了其基本特征,证明了这种框架结构的合理性和实用性。     

An emergency response decision support system framework for application in e-government

An emergency response decision support system (ERDSS) needs to assist decision makers to evaluate emergency plans and select an appropriate one during an emergency by supporting heterogeneous emergency response data sources and providing decision makers the access to appropriate emergency rescue knowledge. It also needs to provide differentiated services to meet requirements. Whether the system is effective or not depends on the framework it is based on. This study proposes an ERDSS framework that consists of ten functional modules: Emergency Service Helpdesk, Command and Coordination Center, Emergency Plan Management, Emergency Relief Supplies Management, Emergency Finance Budget Management, Emergency Organization and Activity Management, Emergency Knowledge Warehouse, Emergency Alarm Management, and Problem Analysis and Management. A case study is conducted on Shanghai emergency management decision support system, an EMDSS based on this framework and applied currently in Shanghai, China. The study demonstrates that the proposed ERDSS system framework can provide theoretical and practical guidance for designing and developing effective emergency response systems.     

A Dss Classification Model for Research in Human Resource Information Systems

Abstract

Any field of study can benefit from a framework into which past and present research can be classified and from which potential research hypotheses can be generated. This article develops a decision support system classification model for research in human resource information systems (HRIS), a model that can then be utilized for evaluating whether an HRIS does provide a competitive advantage for an organization in today's ever-changing, fast-paced, global business environment. As background for this article, the topics of managerial decision making, decision support systems, human resource information systems, and the principle of competitive advantage are reviewed.     

Learning-enhanced adaptive DSS: a Design Science perspective

The process of acquiring, maintaining, updating, and using appropriate domain-specific knowledge has played an integral role in knowledge-based decision support systems. Although each of these stages is necessary and important, knowledge-based systems that operate in dynamic environments can become quickly stale when core knowledge embedded in these systems are not continually updated to reflect changes in the system over time. Clearly, stale knowledge could be faulty and cannot be relied upon for making decisions and a knowledge-based decision support system with stale knowledge may even be detrimental in the long run. We consider a generic adaptive DSS framework with learning capabilities that continually monitors itself for possible deficit in the knowledge-base, expired or stale knowledge already present in the knowledge-base, and availability of new knowledge from the environment. The knowledge-base is updated through incremental learning. We illustrate the generic knowledge-based adaptive DSS framework using examples from three different application areas. The framework is flexible in being able to be modified or extended to accommodate the idiosyncrasies of the application of interest. The framework considered is an example artifact that naturally satisfies the Design Science perspective.     

面向多目标应用的土壤空间决策支持平台*

由于环境和人为因素的综合影响,土壤功能在人类时间尺度上可以产生较快的转变,此开发能够准确反映和预测土壤信息时空变化的决策支持平台,对于土地管理者和政策制定者而言是必需的。在解决多源异构数据集成、模型管理和配置、土壤分类参比查询、科学计算可视化、土壤知识自学习等关键问题的基础上,通过集成地理信息系统和framework技术,构建了开放的土壤空间决策支持平台,形成了多目标土壤决策应用的解决方案和敏捷开发模式。     

An appropriateness framework for the Dutch Meuse decision support system

Models are essential in a decision support system for river basin management. In a decision support system for integrated planning and management, the use of appropriate models is important to avoid models being either too simple or too complex. In this paper, appropriate models refer to models that are good-enough-but-not-more-than-that to obtain an acceptable ranking of river engineering measures under uncertainty. A systematic approach called ‘appropriateness framework’ is proposed to determine appropriate models that can be used in a decision support system. The approach is applied to a decision support system for the Dutch Meuse River. One important component of this decision support system, flood safety, is used in this paper to demonstrate how this approach works. The results show that the approach is very useful in helping to determine appropriate models. Potential applications of the approach in other decision support systems are discussed. The approach presented in this paper is designed as a tool to stimulate the communication between decision makers and modelers and to promote the use of models in decision-making for river basin management.     

Building an organizational decision support system for Korea Telecom: A process redesign approach

Organizational decision support systems (ODSSs) are a new type of decision support systems (DSSs) focusing on organization-wide issues rather than individual, group, or departmental issues. Because of its organization-wide scope, a typical ODSS cuts across organizational functions or hierarchical layers. Thus, seamless integration with organization's diverse IS applications running on heterogeneous platforms becomes a critical issue for building a successful ODSS. In this paper, we analyzed the Korea Telecom's (KT) Operations > Maintenance (O&M) division focusing on its investment strategies. We developed a conceptual framework through process redesign, which links O&M investment decisions to performance of its operational branches across the nation. To support the above framework, we also developed a prototype for the KTOM-ODSS with an EIS-like user-friendly interface. When a complete ODSS is implemented on top of various KT transaction processing systems, it will become a critical component of the O > M Integrated Decision Support Environment (IDSE).