Cu/Ti异种金属搅拌摩擦焊搭接接头组织与性能

文中采用搅拌摩擦焊法搭接T2工业紫铜和TA2纯钛,研究了搭接接头的宏观形貌和微观组织结构,并测试了接头力学性能.结果表明,当选用搅拌头旋转频率为800 r/min,焊接速度为40 mm/min的工艺参数配比时,可以获得焊缝表面成形良好,连接界面无缺陷的搭接接头.在焊核区,钛和铜以相间的条带结构形式相互混合、紧密连接在一起,形成了涡流状的钛铜双相金属混合区域,而且某些区域呈现出"机械互锁"的组织形貌.钛铜搭接接头抗剪切力可达到铜母材失效载荷的95%,断裂位置位于搭接接头铜板前进侧,为典型的韧性断裂.     

厚板铜/铝搅拌摩擦焊接头的组织分析

用搅拌摩擦焊方法焊接板厚为10 mm的铜/铝对接接头,观察了接头的横截面形貌、显微组织,测试了接头的拉伸性能、显微硬度和电阻率。结果表明,在合适的工艺参数下采用双面焊工艺可能获得无缺陷的对接接头。金相分析结果表明,接头的铜/铝界面上形成了"钩子"形貌且铜和铝在该处形成的一种迭状交互结构,产生了一种灰色物质,焊核区中分布着铜颗粒。在接近铜铝界面区域内显微硬度值急剧升高,可能是产生了金属间化合物。接头拉伸式样的断裂都发生在铝侧热影响区,接头的拉伸强度是铝母材的125%。电阻率试验结果表明铜/铝接头的电阻率是纯铝母材的电阻率的92.6%,能够满足电力行业的要求。     

铝-铜异种材料搅拌摩擦焊接头组织及性能研究

采用搅拌摩擦焊对3 mm厚的T2紫铜和工业纯铝进行对接焊,结果表明:焊接前对T2紫铜进行退火处理,同时搅拌针相对于配合面向铝侧偏移时,可以减小搅拌针粘连问题,获得成形良好的焊接接头。搅拌区形成沿搅拌头旋转方向连续分布片层状与涡流状复杂结构。接头抗拉强度为112 MPa,为工业纯铝母材强度的86.2%左右,试样拉伸断裂位置位于搅拌区前进侧过度区域,断口SEM形貌呈现明显的脆性断裂特征;接头前进侧热影响区出现了不同程度的软化现象,焊核区最低硬度为51.02 HV,均低于两侧母材硬度。     

铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接头微观组织分析

对4mm厚的铝合金板材进行搅拌摩擦焊接,用光学显微镜观察了焊缝截面的显微组织。由于温度和变形程度不同,焊缝不同位置的组织有所不同,母材区晶粒组织明显比过渡区和搅拌区的晶粒组织细小而均匀。过渡区的材料由于受到搅拌头的剪切作用,发生了大的弯曲变形,呈板条状组织。     

铜板搅拌摩擦焊接头金相组织及力学性能

通过大量试验分析，在优化了铜板搅拌摩擦焊接工艺的基础上，分析了铜板搅拌摩擦焊接头的组织、性能及其与工艺参数的关系。研究表明：工业纯铜具有良好的搅拌摩擦焊接性能，优化工艺可获得超强于母材的搅拌摩擦焊接接头。焊合区金属在热力耦合作用下发生塑性变形，造成大量晶粒破碎，破碎的晶粒发生动态再结晶，热力影响区组织可以分成再结晶区、不完全再结晶区和动态回复区。     

铝合金搭接搅拌摩擦焊接头拉伸变形的数值模拟

通过对2A12铝合金搭接搅拌摩擦焊接头的强度试验,研究了搭接搅拌摩擦焊接头的断裂行为,应用有限元方法对2A12铝合金板材搭接搅拌摩擦焊接头的拉伸力学响应进行了模拟计算,获得了搭接搅拌摩擦焊接头在外载作用下的局部应力应变分布与变形规律.结果表明,在搭接接头的搭接面上存在两个类裂纹的未焊接区域,塑性变形首先在搭接界面裂纹尖端区域发生,上板受拉侧裂纹尖端周围区域的塑性变形最大,是导致搭接搅拌摩擦焊接头上板的前进侧热影响区断裂的主要原因.     

铝/镁异种合金搅拌摩擦搭接焊接头界面结构及拉剪性能

在其它焊接条件相同的情况下,通过改变焊接速度对5A06铝合金和AZ31镁合金进行搅拌摩擦搭接焊接试验,分析焊接速度对接头hook沟成形及拉剪性能的影响.结果表明,适当降低焊接速度,有利于提高焊接热输入量和金属流动能力,使得接头的有效搭接厚度和宽度增加,内部孔洞缺陷消失.此外,有利于hook沟处铝和镁金属原子发生充分扩散...     

铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接头行为分析

详细介绍了搅拌摩擦焊（FSW）接头塑性流变数值模拟所得到的结果，并且利用搅拌摩擦焊的“插入试验”，测量了搅拌头旋转着插入铝合金材料过程中作用在搅拌头上的作用力，并将之转化为有效的粘度值和温度输出，确定了搅拌摩擦焊过程中充分塑化区（FPZ）的材料粘性，3－D数值模拟结果显示了搅拌头肩台下大约1.5mm的紊流区域的形成；解释了在异种金属搅拌摩擦焊接过程中无序混合产生的间混薄层结构，以及局部液相形成（初始熔化）引起的搅拌头的瞬间滑移导致了在特定的温度下（Tcrit）的材料粘性迟滞。     

2219铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接头的断裂部位特征

对5 mm厚的2219高强铝合金进行了搅拌摩擦焊单道对接焊,通过拉伸试验观察断口处的显微组织,研究了焊接接头的断裂部位特征.结果表明,接头的断裂部位在焊核与母材的边界或热力影响区.当焊接热输入量合适时,沿焊缝热力影响区断裂的试样在焊缝横截面上的形貌为V型和45°的剪切断裂,其接头的抗拉强度和伸长率较高.焊接热输入量过大时,沿焊缝厚度方向的"抽吸-挤压"作用减弱,在焊缝的紊流区形成孔洞缺陷,在焊核与母材的交界处形成弱连接,导致焊接接头沿焊核边界断裂,在焊缝横截面上的形貌呈阶梯型和S型,其接头的抗拉强度和伸长率较低.     

钛/铝异种金属搅拌摩擦焊搭接接头的组织结构

采用搅拌摩擦焊对TC1钛合金和LF6铝合金异种金属进行了搭接连接,研究了接头的微观组织结构.结果表明,当搅拌头旋转频率为1 500 r/min、焊接速度为60mm/min时,能获得焊缝成形良好、无孔洞和裂纹等缺陷的搭接接头,搭接处铝合金和钛合金充分混合,形成焊核区.焊核两侧进入铝合金中的钛合金在搅拌针的挤压下发生了弯曲...     

Investigation of the Friction Stir Lap Welding of Aluminum Alloys AA 5182 and AA 6022

Friction stir lap welding of the similar and dissimilar aluminum alloys is investigated. AA 5182 and AA 6022 aluminum alloys (the widely used aluminum alloys for automobile applications) are selected for the feasibility studies. The friction stir lap welding shows that the placement of the aluminum alloys in the different orders over each other affect the final weld quality and its mechanical properties. The welding parameters such as rotational and traverse speeds and the penetration depth are key factors to affect the micro-structure soundness. The mechanical and the micro-structural characterization is performed on the joints formed with varying welding parameters and from the different order of placement of the AA 6022 and the AA 5182 sheets. The weld failure occurs on the advancing side during the peel tests indicating that the retreating side is relatively stronger. Measured temperatures indicate that the advancing side has higher developed temperature during the course of welding compared to the retreating side.     

搅拌针形状对搭接焊缝界面迁移的影响

采用搅拌针长度相同而形状不同的搅拌头对3mm厚的LY12CZ铝合金进行了搅拌摩擦焊搭接试验。结果表明,表面带有螺纹的搅拌针使板材间的搭接界面在厚度方向上发生迁移,左螺纹使邻近搅拌针的塑化金属向下迁移,在搅拌针端部积聚,挤压周边金属向上运动,导致搭接界面向上迁移;右螺纹使邻近搅拌针的塑化金属向上迁移,在搅拌针根部积聚并受轴肩作用,挤压周边金属向下运动,导致搭接界面向下迁移。若搅拌针表面是光滑的,搭接界面在厚度方向上的迁移减小,但返回边界面向焊缝中心延伸的程度增大。     

Fatigue Behavior of Dissimilar Al–Mg–Si/Al–Zn–Mg Aluminum Alloys Friction Stir Welding Joints

In this study, fatigue properties and fracture mechanism of dissimilar Al–Mg–Si/Al–Zn–Mg aluminum alloys friction stir welding(FSW) joints were investigated and the effect of the sheet configuration on the fatigue behavior of the FSW joints was also discussed. Results showed that the joints owned better fatigue properties when the Al–Zn–Mg aluminum alloy was placed at the advancing side(AS). At 10~7 cycles, the fatigue strengths of Al–Zn–Mg–AS and Al–Mg–Si–AS joints were, respectively, 105.6 and 90.1 MPa. All joints fractured at the heat-affected zone at the Al–Mg–Si alloy side. Transmission electron microscopy results showed that better fatigue property of the Al–Zn–Mg–AS joint was associated with the bridging effect of the bigger secondary phase particles.     

Improving Joint Morphologies and Tensile Strength of Al/Mg Dissimilar Alloys Friction Stir Lap Welding by Changing Zn Interlayer Thickness

The pure Zn foils with different thicknesses(0.02, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 mm) were selected as interlayers to improve the quality of friction stir lap welding joint of 7075-T6 Al and AZ31 B Mg dissimilar alloys. The effects of the interlayer thickness on joint formation, microstructure and tensile strength were analyzed. The results displayed that the maximum length of the boundary between stir zone(SZ) and thermo-mechanically affected zone in lower plate was obtained by the addition of the Zn interlayer with 0.05 mm thickness. The Mg–Zn intermetallic compounds(IMCs) were discontinuously distributed in the SZ, replacing the continuous Al–Mg IMCs. The size of Mg–Zn IMCs increased with the increase in the thickness of the Zn interlayer. The maximum tensile shear strength of 276 N mm-1 was obtained by the addition of 0.05 mm Zn foil, which increased by 45.6% of that of the joint without the Zn foil addition.     

LY12搅拌摩擦焊接技术

搅拌摩擦焊接是一种新兴的焊接工艺,本文作者在立式铣床上配置辅助夹具,对LY12铝合金做了大量的搅拌摩擦焊接（Friction Stir Welding)工艺试验,在焊接过程中捕捉到一些与接头形成相关的理化信息,进而探讨了FSW接头的形成机理,初步优化了LY12铝合金FSW工艺参数,分析研究了搅拌头形状、旋转速度、焊接速度对FSW接头质量的影响。试验结果表明,焊接厚度为4mm的LY12铝合金,夹持器与特形指棒直径之比3：1为好,特形指棒直径与焊件厚度之比1：1为好。焊接速度选择37．5mm/min。搅抖头旋转速度选择2000r/min时,接头质量良好。本文试验结果为进一步研究开发搅抖摩擦焊接技术奠定了一定的理论与试验基础。     

TC4钛合金搅拌摩擦焊接接头组织转变特征

采用搅拌摩擦焊接技术(friction stir welding,FSW)分别在空气和强制冷却条件下对TC4钛合金板进行了连接,利用OM和TEM技术研究了焊接接头不同区域的微观组织转变特征。结果表明,FSW接头分为搅拌区、热机械影响区和母材区,各个区域经历了不同的热循环和塑性变形,呈现出不同的微观组织特征。母材区为热轧退火后的初生α和β双相组织。空气条件下,搅拌区为α+β片层结构,组织转变主要为β相转变为片层α+β两相,热机械影响区为等轴晶α和α+β片层的双态组织,组织转变受动态再结晶和相变共同作用。强制冷却条件下,搅拌区为针状马氏体结构,组织转变主要为马氏体相变。     

Refill Friction Stir Spot Welding of Similar and Dissimilar Alloys:A Review

Refi ll friction stir spot welding, also known as friction spot welding(FSpW), is a solid-state welding process suitable for spot joining of lightweight materials. Through the eff orts of improving joint quality for similar and dissimilar materials, for example, aluminum and magnesium, this joining technology is well developed. The joining mechanism and process characteristics of FSpW have been widely studied. However, the application of FSpW in industry has not been entirely successful. In this review article, the research of similar and dissimilar material joints, such as, Al/Cu, Al/Ti, Al/Mg and Al/Steel, is summarized. The microstructural features and mechanical properties of the joints, welding tool and the application development are discussed in detail.     

6 mm厚紫铜的搅拌摩擦焊研究

对T2紫铜的搅拌摩擦焊技术进行了试验研究，对其接头组织和力学性能等进行了初步分析，并对紫铜搅拌摩擦焊温度场进行了数值模拟和实验验证。结果表明，用搅拌摩擦焊方法焊接6mm厚的T2紫铜板．可得到成形美观、内部无缺陷的平板对接接头。紫铜搅拌摩擦焊时工件温度较高，焊接区最高温度接近700℃，温度分布以搅拌头为中心，呈放射状向四周逐步降温。     

6mm厚紫铜的搅拌摩擦焊研究

对T2紫铜的搅拌摩擦焊技术进行了试验研究,对其接头组织和力学性能等进行了初步分析,并对紫铜搅拌摩擦焊温度场进行了数值模拟和实验验证。结果表明,用搅拌摩擦焊方法焊接6mm厚的T2紫铜板,可得到成形美观、内部无缺陷的平板对接接头。紫铜搅拌摩擦焊时工件温度较高,焊接区最高温度接近700℃,温度分布以搅拌头为中心,呈放射状向四周逐步降温。