Measuring Fiber Orientation in Nonwoven Fabrics by Laser Scattering Method Part Ⅱ: Algorithm and Verification

The algorithm for evaluation of fiber orientation distribution function (ODF) by laser scattering method based on 2 - dimentional model of fiber arrangement and the method of determining diffuse scattering intensity are presented. The fiber ODFs of nonwoven samples measured by the computer-program-controlled laser scattering intensity testing system are compared with that of the data obtained by microprojector method. The results show that the algorithm is feasible for assessing the fiber ODFs of nonwoven fabrics manufactured by different processing methods.     

Measuring Fiber Orientation in Nonwoven Fabrics by Laser Scattering Method PartⅠ Principle and Instrumentation

The scattering performance of a parallel laser beam onthe parallel fiber model and nonwoven fabrics are studiedin detail. A device of computer - program - controlledsystem for measuring laser scattering intensity - angledistribution function of fiber assemblies is set up, and themeasuring condition for distingulslhing the fibers ar-ranged at different directions is carried out. The materi-als of two categories, the models of fiber assembly andnonwoven fabrics made with varied processing methods,are studied. The analysis and experiments show that thefiber orientation distribution functions in the 2 - dimen-sional fiber assemblies can be sensitively determined bylaser scattering method.     

基于激光散射强度测量非织造布面密度的实验研究

应用光技术测量原理研究了非织造布的激光散射强度与面密度的关系,并应用计算机程序控制非织造布激光散射强度测定系统测定和分析了3种加工方法的非织造布试样。结果表明:非织造布面密度与激光散射强度之间存在十分密切的关系,这里所述的方法具有无放射性和易于采用计算机测量的优点,可用于薄型非织造布面密度的测量。     

Relationship between Light Scattering Intensity and Basis Weight of Non-Woven Fabrics

The relationship between light scattering intensity and basis weight of nonwoven fabrics is studied by using the theory of electromagnetic wave propagation and scatter-ing in random media.The theoretical analysis shows that the backscattering intensity of nonwoven fabric is closely related to its basis weight,and 2 series nonwoven samples manufactured by spun-bonded and thermal-bounded processing methods are tested for checking the theoretical expression.The study shows that the scattering intensity increases with increasing basis weight of nonwoven fabrics in exponential equation,and theoretical expression is consistent with the experimental data.     

随机分布群粒子侧向散射特性Muller-Stokes算法的描述

该文用矩阵元素表示偏振激光束入射时与入射方向垂直的平面上散射光的偏振特征,介绍了使用Muller-Stokes算法来研究随机分布群粒子场侧向散射光性质的方法.用此算法对实验得到的数据进行计算得到的结果表明,散射光强的分布是呈轴对称的,散射光各种偏振特性的变化及用于表示各种特性的矩阵元素主要决定于散射粒子的大小.另外,散射系数亦随粒子直径的变化而变化.     

石英光纤中受激喇曼散射光谱形成及其能量转换

将泵浦光产生的受激喇曼散射(SRS)光谱看作新的独立的单色光源，在光纤内传播的过程中，每个光源按喇曼增益曲线各自独立地激发新的斯托克光谱，因此SRS光谱曲线是光谱内无数个单色光源之间相互吸收、相互放大的结果。据此，建立耦合波方程，利用Runge-Kutta方法可以计算SRS光谱。文章讨论了一阶斯托克光谱的形成，同阶斯托克光谱内的能量红移现象，高阶斯托克光之间以频移440cm^-1传递能量以及频带展宽等问题。     

非织造布组分配比微波检测法的研究

本文利用微波检测技术对非织造布的组分配比进行了测试研究。非织造布由不同配比的双组分(ES)纤维和蚕丝下脚料经混和,开松,梳理成网,并加热,熔融粘合而成。测试结果表明:微波谐振腔传感器检测电流示值与非织造布的配比关系曲线呈指数方程形式,指数值与组分配比呈良好的线性相关,同时,检测电流示值与非织造布强力也有一定程度的相关。     

非织造布结构特性的测试方法及其发展方向

论述了非织造布的几种主要结构特性 (如孔隙大小分布、纤维排列方向分布、网的均匀性及瑕疵等 )的测试方法及其原理与各自的优缺点 .通过对比说明非织造布结构特性的测试方法的发展方向 .     

VAE乳胶复合非织造布/软木纸材料的工艺性能研究

以非织造布、软木纸和醋酸乙烯／乙烯共聚物（VAE）乳胶为原料，采用正交设计方法分析涂胶量、加热温度、加热时间、滚压压力和滚压次数对非织造布／软木纸复合材料剥离强度、弯曲强度和拉伸强度的影响．通过数理统计分析，得出了非织造布／软木纸复合材料的成型最佳工艺．     

＂Nonwoven＂ Versus ＂Engineered Fabric＂： the Impact These Terms Have on the 15- to 25-Year-Old Females＇ Intent to Purchase

Since the fall of 2004, textile and apparel students at a United States public university have been designing apparel with nonwoven fabrics. Over the last two years, the students' designs have sparked interest in the industry which has begun to create new and innovative fabric designs. The industry, however, still struggles over the best name for the fabric. This sparked the research question, "What impact 15- to 25-year-old's intent to purchase a garment?"Through a convenience sampling method, an online questionnaire was distributed to 15- to 25-year-old United States females. The questionnaire included questions regarding demographics and psychographics, and asked respondents to choose garments they would intend to purchase based on known attributes such as style, brand,price, place, and fabrication and fiber content. There were a total of 14 garments, seven tops and seven bottoms. Four of these garments, two tops and two bottoms were constructed of nonwoven fabrics.The respondents accepted the nonwoven fabrics when shown in garments in an online setting. This demonstrates that visually, these fabrics are comparable to traditional woven and knit fabrics. The "nonwoven" polyester and nylon blend fabric increased in popularity when the respondents were told the fabrication and fiber content.However, the "engineered" polyester and polyethylene blend fabric dropped to last place when fabrication and fiber content were known. This indicates that 15- to 25-year-old respondents do not understand or are not interested in fibers or fabrications described as "engineered fabric" with a polyester/polyethylene blend. More research will have to be done to determine if the fabrication term "engineered fabric"or if the polyester/polyethylene blend fiber content caused a lack of interest or decreased intent to purchase.Research has currently begun to determine the right combination of fiber content and fiber size to develop a nonwoven fabric with an acceptable hand for apparel fabrics.     

用边界元法分析试样宽度对非织造土工织物拉伸性能的影响

用边界元法从理论上分析非织造土工织物的拉伸性能。理论分析和试验表明：非织造土工织物的断裂强度随试样宽度的增加而增大。由于试样的不均匀性等原因，理论值一般高于试验值。通过回归分析得出非织遣土工织物试样宽度与断裂强度呈幂函数关系。     

掺铈铌酸锶钡晶体中光致光散射的研究——II.双光束入射导致的光散射

研究了双光束照射下,掺铈铌酸锶钡晶体的锥形光散射,分析了成因及条件,从理论上求得了光锥各点的相对光强分布及这种光散射强弱与各种实验条件的关系,实验结果与理论基本相符.     

热熔粘合聚丙烯熔喷非织造布的结构与性能

本文采用了广角X光衍射、差示扫描量热法、扫描电子显微镜技术,对热熔粘合聚丙烯熔喷非织造布的结构和形态进行研究。讨论了粘合温度对非织造布的几何尺寸和机械性能的影响。结果表明,球晶是熔喷聚丙烯纤维的主要结构形式。在不同的热粘合条件下,球晶的结晶变体中可以出现α晶,或是拟六方酝晶,以及两者的混合形式。粘合温度对纤维的结晶度和晶粒尺寸,及非织造布的热收缩和厚度具有较大的影响。热粘合温度在软化点出现非织造布强度峰值。     

激光质量测量的自适应衰减控制技术研究

针对激光光束质量测量的激光光强高精度控制问题, 提出一种自适应衰减调节激光光强度的方法。该方法基于单片机控制算法, 利用PC机反馈的光斑图像灰度差值计算得出激光光强需要衰减的倍数, 并通过衰减轮电机控制两组衰减片组合完成对激光光强度的自适应控制, 实现了成像系统闭环控制激光光斑强度, 从而快速、 准确地得到特定光强度的激光光斑图像。实验结果表明, 该方法与以往衰减控制相比,能准确地得到高精度灰度值激光光斑图像, 激光光束质量单次测量时间为5 s, 系统测量时间为3 min。     

掺镱光纤激光器时域特性的研究

利用光纤的非线性效应－受激布里渊散射（SBS）和二色镜的选频利用,以国产的激光二极管作泵浦源,在掺镱光纤激光器中得到了稳定的自调Q光脉冲输出,脉冲重复频率为29．4MHz,脉冲光宽度约为2ns。     

三维激光成像探测系统建模与仿真

 激光成像探测系统仿真是评估现有激光成像系统的性能及开发新型激光成像探测技术的有效手段。研究激光脉冲回波信号特性并建立数学模型是应用回波信号检测技术处理回波,进行激光成像系统仿真的关键。为此以激光发射脉冲模型为基础对激光脉冲回波信号的建模过程和基于单位冲激响应的目标散射特性建模方法作了详尽的推导和描述,并建立检测算法模型,最后依据目标成像模板采用单元回波探测线阵化方式进行了推帚式三维激光成像仿真。结果表明,该仿真系统可实现不同探测条件下线阵推帚式激光成像的有效仿真。     

粘合剂粒径对非织造布性能的影响

探讨了粘合剂粒径对非织造布力学性能的影响。实验表明,随着粒径变细,非织造布的拉伸强度和弯曲模量呈非线性增加。分析认为由细旦纤维制成的非织造布可具有较高的拉伸强度和较低的抗弯模量,这些概念也适用于热熔纤维粘合和热轧非织造布。     

微细纤维的生产与应用

主要论述了微细纤维生产的常规纺丝方法和双组分纺丝法，以及微细纤维在服装、装饰品、无纺布、医学、航海等诸方面的应用。另外，对微细纤维的种类划分、优异性能及国内生产现状也予以扼要介绍。     

水果组织光学参数的激光图像无损测量技术

为得到水果组织的光学特性参数，设计了用激光散射图像测量水果组织光学特性参数的试验装置，分析了苹果、梨、脐橙等水果组织的空间分辨漫反射光分布与距入射光源点的半径之间的相关性，采用基于漫射光传输理论研究了漫反射光分布，并应用偏最小二乘拟合方法确定了水果组织的光学参数，用此参数进行了水果组织中光子传输的蒙特卡罗模拟；将图像灰度测量结果与蒙特卡罗模拟结果进行了比较．结果表明，两者有很好的吻合性，最大误差为3．21％．光谱图像技术能准确地用于测量水果组织光学特性参数。     

平行板间各向异性散射介质辐射传递方程求解

通过计算离散能束在传播过程中散射的能量在空间方向上的分布份额,用基于蒙特卡洛法的DRESOR法在平行平板系统内对相函数分别为一阶前向、一阶后向的各向异性散射介质中的辐射传递方程进行了求解,分别给出了各向异性散射条件下系统边界的具有较高方向分辨率的辐射强度分布以及系统内的热流、热源和入射辐射分布,并对各向异性散射对结果的影响进行了分析.将计算辐射强度结果代入辐射传递方程进行验证计算,验证结果的比较证明了DRESOR法求解辐射传递方程的有效性和正确性,并且计算结果达到了很高的精度.