The Bonding Properties of Solid Steel to Liquid Aluminum

The bonding of solid steel plate to liquid aluminum was studied using rapid solidification. The relationship models of interfacial shear strength and thickness of interfacial layer of bonding plate vs bonding parameters ( such as preheat temperature of steel plate, temperature of aluminum liquid and bonding time ) were respectively established by artificial neural networks perfectly. The bonding parameters for the largest interfacial shear strength were optimized with genetic algorithm successfully. They are 226℃ for preheating temperature of steel plate, 723℃ for temperature of aluminum liquid and 15.8s for bonding time, and the largest interfacial shear strength of bonding plate is 71.6MPa. Under these conditions, the corresponding reasonable thickness of interfacial layer (10.8μm) is gotten using the relationship model established by artificial neural networks.     

Influence of diffusion time on property of steel—aluminum solid to liquid bonding

The bonding of solid steel to liquid aluminum was conducted using rapid solidification.The influence of diffusion time on interfacial shear strength was studied.The results show that when the temperature of aluminum liquid is 700℃and the preheat temperature of steel plate is 250℃,the relationship between diffusion time(t) and interfacial shear strength(σ)is σ=15.1 8.14t-0.37t 0.005t^3,and the maximum interfacial shear strength is 71.1MPa.     

Interfacial mechanical property of steel-mushy Al-20Sn bonding

The bonding of a steel plate to Al-20Sn slurry was conducted using the casting rolling technique. The surface of the steel plate was defatted, descaled, immersed (in K2ZrF6 flux aqueous solution) and stored. Al-20Sn slurry was prepared using the electromagnetic mechanical stirring method. The interfacial mechanical property of the bonding plate was researched to determine the relationship between the diffusion time and the interfacial shear strength. In order to identify the mechanism of bonding, the interfacial structure of the bonding plate was studied. The results show that at a preheat temperature of the steel plate of 505℃ and a solid fraction of Al-20Sn slurry of 35%, the relationship between the interfacial shear strength S and the diffusion time t is S=28.8 4.3t-0.134t^2 0.0011t^3. When the diffusion time is 22 s, the largest interfacial shear strength is 70.3 MPa, and the corresponding interface is a new one which is made up of Fe-Al compound and Fe-Al solid solution alternatively and in a right proportion.In this interfacial structure, the interfacial embrittlement does not happen and Fe-Al compound can play its role in strong combination adequately.     

Ratio of Fe-Al compound at interface of steel-backed Al-graphite semi-solid bonding plate

The ratio of Fe-Al compound at the bonding interface of solid steel plate to Al-7graphite slurry was used to characterize the interfacial structure of steel-Al-7graphite semi-solid bonding plate quantitatively. The relationship between the ratio of Fe-Al compound at interface and bonding parameters (such as preheat temperature of steel plate, solid fraction of Al-7graphite slurry and rolling speed) was established by artificial neural networks perfectly. The results show that when the bonding parameters are 516 ℃ for preheat temperature of steel plate, 32.5% for solid fraction of Al-7graphite slurry and 12 mm/s for rolling speed, the reasonable ratio of Fe-Al compound corresponding to the largest interfacial shear strength of bonding plate is obtained to be 70.1%. This reasonable ratio of Fe-Al compound is a quantitative criterion of interfacial embrittlement, namely, when the ratio of Fe-Al compound at interface is larger than 70.1%, interfacial embrittlement will occur.     

Immersing Treatment of Steel Plate Surface in Steel-Aluminum Solid to Liquid Bonding

The interfacial status of the steel-aluminum solid to liquid bonding plates (their steel plate surfaces were or were not immersed in flux aqueous solution) were measured by using SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) and X-ray diffraction . The results showed that the layer of flux (the minimum thickness was 15 μm on the steel plate surface) could protect the steel plate surface from oxidizing effectively at high temperature in solid to liquid bonding. The melt temperatUre of the flux should be lower than 580 ℃ so that it could be melted and removed completely. No. 1 flux (patent product made by the author) made up of halogeindes could also force liquid aluminum to infiltrate into steel plate surface and thus the interfacial shear strength of the bonding plate was rather large.     

The Influence of Preheat Temperature of Steel Plate on Steel-mushy Cu-graphite Bonding

The pressing bonding of steel plate to QTi3.5-3.5 graphite slurry was conducted. Under the conditions of 530 ℃ for the preheat temperature of dies, 45% for the solid fraction of QTi3.5- 3.5 graphite slurry, 50 MPa for the pressure and 2 min for the pressing time, the relationship between the preheat temperature of steel plate and interfacial mechanical property of bonding plate was studied. The results show that when the preheat temperature of steel plate is lower titan 618 ℃ , the interfacial shear strength of bonding plate increases with the increasing of the preheat temperature of steel plate. When the preheat temperature of steel plate is higher than 618 ℃ , the interfacial shear strength decreases with the increasing of the preheat temperature of steel plate. When the preheat temperature of steel plate is 618 ℃ , the highest interfacial shear strength of bonding plate of 127.8 MPa can be got.     

Semi—solid Processing of Steel—Al—7 Graphite BInding Plate

The bonding of steel plate to Al-7 graphite slurry was studied for the first time.The relationship model about preheat temperature of steel plate,solid fiaction of Al-7 graphite slurry,rolling speed and nterfacial shear strength of bonding plate could be established by artificial neural networks perfectly.This model could be optimized with a genetic algorthm.The optimum bonding parameters are :516℃ for preheat temperature of steel plate,32.5% for solid fraction of Al-7 graphite slurry and 12mm/s for rolling speed,and the largest interfacial shear strength of bonding plate is 70.6MPa.     

工艺因素对铜-铝-铜复合板界面结合的影响

为了减轻导电材料的结构质量,在铝板两侧放置铜带制备出一种铜-铝-铜复合结构,采用冷轧工艺进行轧制成形.系统研究了轧制压下率和轧前表面处理对轧制复合效果的影响,对铜-铝-铜复合板结合界面进行了观察,分析了退火对结合界面的影响.结果表明,随着压下率的增加,复合板的剥切力增加.改变铜带厚度时,复合板的剥切力随铜铝厚度比的减小而增大.当铝板厚度为12 mm、铜铝厚度比为0. 06时,轧制复合效果最佳.冷轧复合前处理影响因素中,刷拭处理对复合效果影响最大,铜铝软化退火处理次之,酸碱洗处理影响最小.复合板结合界面在轧制后发生了互扩散.在250℃下进行不同时长退火时,复合板中形成了明显的扩散层.当退火时间为50 h时,复合板中出现了两层扩散层,扩散层厚度随退火时间的增加而增加.     

不锈钢复铝板结合强度和延伸率的实验研究

实验研究了N2 气保护下加热轧制复合和辊板轧制工艺对不锈钢和铝复合板材界面结合强度及复合板深加工性能的影响。结果表明 ,N2 气保护下加热轧制复合和辊板轧制可有效提高复合板界面结合强度 ,同时使达到界面良好结合的临界变形率明显降低 ;这两种轧制工艺不仅在小变形的条件下即可实现不锈钢和铝复合界面的良好结合 ,而且能明显降低复合过程中不锈钢的变形率分配 ,有利于改善复合板的深加工性能     

铝合金板与混凝土的粘贴粘结强度研究

为了在提高加固钢筋混凝土梁承载力的同时具有很好的延性和耗能能力,特别是满足侵蚀环境及寒冷环境中加固工程的需要,采用铝合金板加固钢筋混凝土梁是一个很好的解决办法。铝合金板通过粘贴层将力传给钢筋混凝土梁,故铝合金板与混凝土的粘贴粘结性能决定了铝合金板加固钢筋混凝土梁的效果。铝合金板与混凝土的粘贴粘结强度作为铝合金板加固钢筋混凝土梁连接设计的基础,对其开展试验和理论研究。开展105个试件的铝合金板与混凝土面内单剪试验发现：对粘贴界面没有进行粗糙处理的试件发生了界面剥离破坏,其他试件均发生了混凝土层剥离破坏;界面剥离破坏的粘结性能远差于混凝土层剥离破坏,说明了对粘贴界面进行处理的必要性。通过试验得到铝合金板和混凝土连接的极限粘结荷载,根据铝合金板正应力的变化率与粘贴界面剪应力的关系,得到剪应力的分布曲线和有效粘结长度;假设剪应力沿有效粘结长度处处相等,得到了铝合金板与混凝土的粘贴试验粘结强度,并基于此讨论了界面处理、混凝土强度、铝合金板宽度、厚度和粘贴长度等因素对试验粘结强度的影响。结合试验数据的统计回归分析,提出计算铝合金板与混凝土的粘贴粘结强度的修正Niedermeier模型,得到了铝合金板与混凝土的有效粘结长度和粘贴粘结强度的理论计算公式,其理论值和试验值吻合较好,误差最大值为8.98%,平均值为0.004,标准差为0.041。研究成果为铝合金板加固钢筋混凝土梁的粘贴设计提供了理论基础。     

TLP连接机制与中间层问题的探讨

瞬时液相扩散焊连接（TLP）提供了一种在低温下连接各种材料的焊接方法。TLP连接方法能够产生无界面的、无中间层残留的高强度接头,在TLP连接过程中由于降熔剂的作用使得液相中间层只能够向金属母材扩散,从而产生等温定向凝固。可见中间层中扩散是TLP连接过程的关键问题,为此阐述了中间层中各项因素对连接时间的影响,结果发现中间层的厚度以及降熔剂的选择对连接时间都有很大影响。因此,应尽量避免中间层金属间化合物的产生。     

Multilayer Clad Plate of Stainless Steel/Aluminum/Aluminum Alloy

The 3, 5, 20 layer clad plate from austenitic stainless steel, pure aluminum and aluminum alloy sheets were fabricated in different ways. The stretch and interface properties were measured. The result shows that 20 layer clad plate is better than the others. Well-bonded clad plate was successfully obtained in the following procedure: Basic clad sheet from 18 layer Al1060/Al3003 sheets was firstly obtained with an initial rolling reduction of 44% at 450 ℃, followed by annealing at 300 ℃, and then with reduction of 50% at 550 ℃ from STS304 on each side. The best 20 layer clad plate was of 129 MPa bonding strength and 225 MPa stretch strength.     

Ni-Cr合金烤瓷材料界面组织结构和力学性能

应用扫描电镜、能谱、X射线衍射及电子拉伸试验机对Ni-Cr合金与烤瓷材料的界面组织结构与力学性能进行了分析。结果表明:Ni-Cr合金烤瓷制作过程中产生残余应力和缺陷将导致瓷崩、瓷裂、剥离或脱落。烤瓷温度T对金-瓷界面剪切结合强度影响较大,T=990℃、保温时间t=1.0 min时,金-瓷界面剪切结合强度可达到37.52 MPa。在金-瓷界面处由于Ni-Cr合金与熔融的玻璃相烤瓷材料相互作用,形成新的化合物型界面,对提高金-瓷界面结合强度将起到非常重要的作用。     

铝合金板-混凝土界面粘结-滑移性能双面剪切试验研究

铝合金板具有强度高、耐蚀性及延性好等优点,可用于潮湿、高寒等复杂恶劣环境中混凝土结构的加固,但铝合金板-混凝土的界面性能是影响铝合金板加固混凝土结构效果的关键。进行48个铝合金板-混凝土试件的界面双剪试验,分析铝合金板厚度、铝合金板粘结长度及结构胶种类对界面破坏机理、剥离承载力、粘结剪应力及滑移演化规律的影响。结果表明：增加铝合金板厚度、铝合金板粘结长度以及采用低弹性模量的结构胶能有效提高界面的剥离承载力,但铝合金板粘结长度应控制在有效粘结长度范围内;试件的滑移量随着粘结长度的增加而增大,且铝合金板越厚,试件的滑移量越小。将双直线模型、双曲线模型、Nakaba模型计算结果与试验结果进行对比分析,Nakaba模型与铝合金板-混凝土粘结滑移曲线整体吻合较好。     

铝合金板与混凝土的粘结性能

铝合金材料具有强度高、变形性能好、耐腐蚀等优点,是沿海侵蚀环境中钢筋混凝土结构加固工程的理想材料;而铝合金板与混凝土的粘结性能是铝合金板加固钢筋混凝土梁能否协同工作的关键问题。基于此,对铝合金板与混凝土的粘结性能进行试验和理论研究。考虑混凝土强度、铝合金板宽度和厚度、粘贴长度及界面处理等因素对铝合金板和混凝土块体粘结性能的影响,设计了一套试件固定装置,采用万能试验机对105个铝合金板与混凝土棱柱体的粘贴试件进行了面内单剪试验。根据试验结果,结合理论分析,得到了铝合金板和混凝土连接的粘结破坏典型特征、剪应力分布曲线和粘结滑移曲线。研究表明,试件存在两种破坏形式：界面剥离破坏和混凝土层剥离破坏。界面处理对粘结性能有重要的影响,粘贴界面没有进行糙化处理的试件发生了界面剥离破坏,其他试件发生了混凝土层剥离破坏;随着混凝土强度的提高、铝合金板宽度和厚度的变小,粘结性能提高;存在一个有效粘贴长度,当粘贴长度大于有效粘贴长度后,增大粘贴长度并不能提高连接的极限荷载。     

Cu对Al-Fe双金属界面扩散层形貌及其结合强度的作用

本文通过对采用 Al—Cu 液态合金共渗复合铸造方法得到的 Al—Fe 双金属材料的界面扩散层形貌观察和力学性能试验,研究了 Al—Fe 双金属界面扩散层形貌和力学性能随 Al—Cu 合金渗液中 Cu 含量不同的变化规律.     

Si3N4/（Cu，Nb）/Ni/Inconel600高温合金部分液相扩散连接接头的组织与力学性能

为了在较低的连接温度、连接压力和连接时间下获得高温稳定性好的陶瓷/金属接头，通过设计非对称中间层（Cu，Nb）/Ni，在连接温度为1403K/1373K，连接时间为50min，连接压力为7.5MPa，冷却速度为10K/min的工艺条件下，采用真空扩散连接设备，进行了Si₃N₄/Inconel600高温合金接头的部分液相扩散连接（Partial Liquid Phase Diffusion Bonding，PLPDB）.接头的强度通过剪切试验评价，接头组织形态采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）进行了观察和分析.实验结果表明，Cu，Nb配比、（Cu，Nb）层的厚度和连接温度影响接头的组织形态、强度与断裂.在连接温度为1403K时，Cu，Nb配比增加，接头中的孔洞缺陷减小，接头强度提高，断裂位置从陶瓷/中间层界面向陶瓷转变.当连接温度为1403K，Cu，Nb配比为10，(Cu,Nb)层厚度不超过0.2mm时，随着(Cu,Nb)层厚度的增加，接头强度提高.当连接温度从1403K降到1373K时，接头强度明显提高.     

AEC4112耐热镁合金冷凝过程中的物相变化研究

通过差热分析(DSC)及重熔-水淬实验,结合OM,SEM,XRD,EDS等检测手段,对AEC4112耐热镁合金冷凝过程中的物相变化进了行研究。结果表明:凝固过程中,AEC4112镁合金在604℃⁵84℃的温度区间内发生液-固转变,在584℃附近析出Al2RE相和Al11RE3相,在528℃584℃的温度区间内发生液-固转变,在584℃附近析出Al2RE相和Al11RE3相,在528℃⁵05℃区间内形成Al2Ca相;且其凝固过程为L→α-Mg,L→α-Mg+Al2RE,L+Al2RE→Al11RE3,L→α-Mg+Al2Ca。     

表面机械研磨/异步轧制无取向硅钢薄带的渗硅行为

对w（Si）=3%无取向硅钢进行表面机械研磨处理（SMAT）和异步轧制（CSR）,获得表面纳米结构,再进行550～650℃、4 h固体粉末渗硅处理,用透射电镜（TEM）、扫描电镜（SEM）和X射线衍射仪（XRD）研究表层组织演变。结果表明：经过SMAT后,w（Si）=3%无取向硅钢表面形成了等轴状、取向呈随机分布的、晶粒尺寸为10 nm的纳米晶组织;异步轧制后,表面纳米晶组织保持不变;550～650℃、4 h渗硅处理后,SMAT＋CSR样品表面形成化合物层,其厚度随着温度的升高由17μm增加到52μm;化合物层由Fe3Si和FeSi相组成.     

Influence of aluminum solid fraction on property of steel-mushy aluminum bonding plate

The interfacial shear property of steel-mushy aluminum bonding plate was studied, and the relationship between aluminum solid fraction and the interfacial shear strength of bonding plate was determined. The results showed that when aluminum solid fraction is 34.3 %, the maximum interfacial shear strength of bonding plate is 71 .0 MPa.