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残积型红土镍矿是一种重要的红土镍矿,镁元素含量较高(10%~27%),在红土镍矿加压浸出项目中,通常用来中和加压浸出的矿浆,矿浆中硫酸浓度通常为30~50 g/L。但残积矿用量对镍、钴浸出率有较大影响,为了更好地利用残积型红土镍矿,本文进行了常规浸出试验和还原浸出试验。试验结果表明:随着残积矿用量的增加(液固比降低),终点酸度逐渐降低,镍、钴浸出率逐渐降低;当磨矿细度增加时,钴浸出率明显升高;该反应进行迅速,工业上可以考虑缩短浸出时间;当常规浸出和还原浸出残积矿用量相同时,还原浸出镍浸出率比常规浸出高5%~25%;当残积矿用量较低时,还原浸出镍浸出率提升明显;当残积矿用量不超过90 g/L时,还原浸出钴浸出率比常规浸出高,当用量继续增加时,还原浸出钴浸出率则会低于常规浸出。 相似文献
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试验用新型铸态超低碳低镍中氮奥氏体不锈钢022Cr20Mn10Ni6N(%:0.023~0.027C、9.86~9.95Mn、19.24~20.09Cr、5.41~5.42Ni、0.27~0.34N)由15 kg中频感应炉冶炼,并试验研究了铸态022Cr20Mn10Ni6N钢与铸态304钢(%:0.076C、1.87Mn、18.02Cr、8.64Ni)的组织,力学性能和耐蚀性。结果表明,新型铸态不锈钢的力学性能、耐点蚀性能、耐弱酸弱碱均匀腐蚀性能明显优于铸态304不锈钢,新型铸态不锈钢022Cr20Mn10Ni6N中性盐雾耐蚀性和304钢相当,可满足大气环境玻璃幕墙金属连接件的应用要求。 相似文献
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基于新能源汽车的快速发展以及三元动力电池的高镍化发展对镍原料需求旺盛的大背景,提出红土镍矿侧吹造锍熔炼生产低镍锍工艺的研究。本文对石膏的热分解行为进行了系统的热力学研究,分析碳硫比、反应温度对CaS转化率的影响,进行石膏选择性还原硫化红土镍矿基础试验,并在此基础上进行富氧侧吹硫化红土镍矿扩大试验,总结石膏选择性还原硫化红土镍矿和富氧侧吹硫化红土镍矿的反应机制。结果表明,脱硫石膏短流程直接还原硫化红土镍矿生产低镍锍工艺可行,该工艺采用工业固废脱硫石膏作为硫化剂,可全组分利用石膏渣中的Ca、S元素,达到“固废绿色循环、资源化利用”的目的,且镍回收率大于90%,钴回收率在87%以上,硫利用率大于75%,铁回收率低于60%,可满足红土镍矿镍、钴、铁的选择性还原硫化富集回收目的。 相似文献
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褐铁矿型红土镍矿是一种富含镍、钴、铁的重要资源,综合利用价值巨大。探究红土型镍矿中镍和钴的赋存状态,以深入了解赋存状态对镍和钴回收利用的影响。通过详细的工艺矿物学研究,明确镍和钴主要赋存于褐铁矿、锰的水合氧化物和锰镍矿中,根据该红土型镍矿特征判断最佳冶炼回收方法为高压酸浸工艺。研究为红土型镍矿的资源高效利用提供了重要参考,为相关工业应用和环境保护提供了有益启示。 相似文献
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The corrosion behaviors of stainless steel and nickel-plated carbon steel coupled with conductive polymer were investigated in both hot humid environment and simulated marine environment. The corrosion currents of different steel substrates and conductive polymer in simulated marine environment at room temperature were measured. The corrosion surfaces of different steel couples were observed under a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and chemical compositions were examined by energy dispersive spectrum (EDS) analysis. The corrosion mechanism was discussed. The results showed that the stability of both stainless steel and nickel-plated carbon steel in hot humid environment was excellent and no corrosion happened in the blank test for 360 h while slight corrosion existed in the contact area of coupled steel substrates. In simulated marine environment, the corrosion current of the stainless steel was lower than 100 μA and some directional rod-like particles formed on the surface of the stainless steel, which arc mainly caused by oxidative corrosion among different phases. The corrosion current of the nickel-plated carbon steel couples was much greater than that of stainless steel couples and nickel plate cracking resulted in the corrosion of the internal iron because the coated nickel layer was not dense enough. 相似文献
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随着不锈钢和电池行业的快速发展,对镍的需求也不断增加,主要用来生产金属镍和镍铁合金的红土矿将会得到更大程度的开发。回转窑作为红土镍矿工艺流程中关键的设备,规格也在不断的增大,窑内部的反应也原来越复杂,型号的增大、复杂的反应对窑内部的温度有很大的影响,窑内的温度又对大型回转窑设计材质的选取,以及制造方式的选取等方面有决定性的作用。本文通过能量衡算对还原红土镍矿大型回转窑的窑体内部温度进行分析。 相似文献
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为了研究17-7PH不锈钢在海洋大气环境下接触腐蚀的防护问题,将不同表面状态的17-7PH不锈钢板状试样在青岛团岛和海南万宁进行1年的大气暴晒试验,对其宏观腐蚀形貌对比,并测定其疲劳寿命,采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察暴晒试样表面腐蚀形貌,用光学显微镜比较腐蚀坑深度,分析海洋大气腐蚀对17-7PH不锈钢疲劳性能的影响,最后得出了17-7PH不锈钢的腐蚀防护措施。结果表明:在青岛暴晒的不涂漆17-7PH不锈钢试样表面色泽变暗,有均匀的细小点蚀,而海南的试样表面有大面积较均匀的褐色锈层,特别是17-7PH不锈钢与TC18钛合金连接处腐蚀较为集中,但腐蚀并没有降低其疲劳寿命;从暴晒试样的表面微观腐蚀形貌比较,无论涂漆与否,17-7PH不锈钢表面都有轻微腐蚀,但只局限于表层,点蚀不深,并且趋向均匀腐蚀;17-7PH不锈钢抗大气腐蚀性能很好,经钝化后可不涂漆直接在海洋大气环境中使用1年,而不会对其疲劳性能产生明显影响。 相似文献
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铁素体不锈钢中Cr元素对其耐腐蚀性能起着非常重要的作用。本文采用实验室冷凝液腐蚀实验方法,对一系列汽车排气系统用铁素体不锈钢在实验室模拟冷凝液中的腐蚀性能进行了研究。所有钢种经过10周期的实验室冷凝液腐蚀实验后,研究结果表明:Cr当量高于17%的铁素体不锈钢与含17%Cr的铁素体不锈钢耐实验室冷凝液腐蚀性能相当,且平均腐蚀失重量均小于6g/m2,平均最大腐蚀深度均小于0.03mm。在此实验结果的基础上,对新开发的439M型铁素体不锈钢和409L型铁素体不锈钢进一步开展5周期、10周期、20周期的实验室冷凝液腐蚀实验,并使用极值分析方法对三种周期冷凝液腐蚀实验后样品的最大点蚀深度进行统计分析,研究结果表明,新开发的439M型铁素体不锈钢的预测寿命是409L的1.6倍。 相似文献
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采用化学浸泡法、电化学测试研究了冷弯加工前后轨道交通装备用国产301L高强不锈钢腐蚀行为,并对化学腐蚀和电化学腐蚀后样品的表面进行扫描电镜和能谱分析。化学浸泡法结果表明,冷弯后的国产301L高强不锈钢在50℃的6%(质量分数)FeCl3溶液中浸泡72h后发生了明显的点蚀,腐蚀速率随时间的延长而迅速增大,72h后腐蚀速率达到128.5g/(m2·h)。电化学测试结果表明,国产301L高强不锈钢经过冷弯加工后,在3.5%(质量分数)NaCl溶液中的点蚀电位下降365mV,钝化区宽度减小150mV,增加了点蚀敏感性。 相似文献
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采用动电位极化曲线、均匀腐蚀全浸试验研究了50 kg真空感应炉冶炼的00Cr13Ni7Co5Mo4W马氏体时效不锈钢(/%:0.007C,13.23Cr,7.02 Ni,5.06Co,3.72Mo,0.96W)1100℃1 h固溶,450510℃8 h时效后的耐蚀性能,通过金相显微镜、透射电镜、XRD分析了马氏体时效不锈钢的组织。结果表明,随时效温度升高时效过程析出R相增加,导致钢的耐点腐蚀性下降,同时由马氏体逆转变的奥氏体数量增加,可改善该钢的耐腐蚀性能。00Cr13Ni7Co5Mo4W马氏体时效不锈钢适宜的热处理工艺为1100℃1 h固溶+470℃8 h时效,其年腐蚀速率为1.259 0 μm/a,点蚀击穿电位为252 mV。 相似文献
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Continuously cast aluminium alloy wires containing active elements such as yttrium, cerium, lanthanum or silicon were used as evaporation sources for ion vapour deposition on nickel‐based Inconel IN738 and stainless steel 310S substrate materials. The samples were subsequently diffusion heat‐treated to form protective corrosion resistant nickel aluminide and iron aluminide coatings. The coated alloy materials were exposed for prolonged periods to high temperature cyclic oxidation, molten sulphate, and molten carbonate environments to evaluate their resistance to hot oxidation. For IN738, the lanthanum‐modified aluminide coating provided good thermal cyclic oxidation performance while the cerium‐modified coating exhibited effective hot corrosion resistance in a molten sulphate environment. For 310S stainless steel, all of the modified aluminide coatings provided equally good corrosion protection when exposed to molten carbonate attack under an oxidizing atmosphere. 相似文献
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《Baosteel Technical Research》2010,(Z1):75
With prices for metal resources such as nickel and molybdenum soaring,there is a heightened sense of crisis concerning resource scarcity.While Type304,the most common stainless steel,offers excellent corrosion resistance,its price is affected significantly by the cost of nickel because of its 8%nickel content.The stainless steel that has the same corrosion resistance as that of Type304 and does not contain nickel and molybdenum has been required.JFE Steel Corporation has developed a new 21%Cr-0.4%Cu stainless steel,the world’s first ferritic stainless steel,which offers equivalent corrosion resistance to Type304 while containing absolutely no nickel or molybdenum,two rare metals.The newly developed steel contains 21%chromium with the addition of 0.4% copper.The development of the steel is based on a new discovery that the passive films of stainless steels could be strengthened by the synergy effect of high chromium content and copper addition.Copper addition enriches the chromium content in passive films after field exposure.Newly developed 21%Cr-0.4%Cu stainless steel is adopted for many applications as a substitution for Type304,including commercial kitchenware,building materials and industrial machinery.The steel is expected to be a new standard of a ferritic stainless steel as a substitution for Type304. 相似文献