家兔肝血流阻断后硝普钠对缺血再灌注胰腺组织氧自由基的影响分析

目的 了解硝普钠对胰腺缺血再灌注损伤是否有保护作用。方法 将24只普通家兔随机分为对照（C）组，硝普钠（S）组和左旋硝基精氨酸甲酯（L）组。各组按试验要求实行肝门静脉阻断，取肝血流恢复60min后的胰腺组织测定NO，NOS，SOD，MDA，Na^ -Ka^ -ATP和Ca^ -ATP。结果 S组与C组比较，NOS无统计学意义，NO，SOD及ATP酶均显著升高，MDA明显降低；L组与C组比较，NO，SOD，NOS及ATP酶均显著降低，MDA则明显升高。结论 硝普钠对胰腺缺血再灌注损伤有保护作用。     

硝普钠对兔胰腺组织中某些氧自由基的影响

目的通过对兔胰腺组织中某些氧自由基浓度的测定,以证实门静脉高压肝组织血流阻断后,硝普钠对胰腺缺血再灌注损伤是否有保护作用。方法24只普通级新西兰兔随机分为对照（c）组、硝普钠（S）组和L-左旋硝基精氨酸甲脂（L）组。各组按试验要求实行肝门脉阻断,取肝血流恢复60min后的胰腺组织测定一氧化氮（NO）,一氧化氮合成酶（NOS）,丙二醛（MDA）和ATP酶等浓度或活性。结果S组与C组比较,NOS无统计学差异,NO、SOD及ATP酶均显著升高,MDA明显降低。L组与C组比较,NO、SOD、NOS及ATP酶均显著降低,MDA则明显升高。结论肝血流阻断后,硝普钠对胰腺缺血再灌注损伤有保护作用。     

前列腺素E1在肝脏缺血-再灌注损伤和肝切除中的作用

目的：探讨肝门阻断和肝切除时前列腺素E1（PGE1）在肝脏缺血－再灌注损伤和肝脏再生中的作用。方法：24只健康大耳白兔随机均分为2组,所有动物均在第一肝门阻断40min后行肝左外叶切除,阻断45min后开放第一肝门。双照组缺血前10min和缺血后120min内经外周耳缘静脉持续滴入NO0.5ml.kg^-1.min^-1;PGE1组缺血前10min和缺血后120min内经外周耳缘静脉持续滴入PGE10.5μg.kg^-1.min^-1.缺血前后测定两组动物丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）,天冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）,乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）,血清丙二醛（MDA）,血清超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）及肝细胞增殖细胞核抗原（PCNA）的表达;计算术后体重变化和动物3天手术死亡率。结果：与对照组相比,缺血后PGE1组肝功能受损明显减轻;血清MDA含量降低;血清SOD升高（P＜0．05）。PCNA达差异无显著性。PGE1组手术前后体重差异无显著性,术后3天体重与对照组比较有升高（P＜0．05）。PGE1组术后3天手术死亡率减低（P＜0．05）。结论：PGE1对肝脏缺血－再灌注损伤有明显的保护作用,其机制可能与通过活化腺苷酸环化酶－环单磷酸腺苷（AC－cAMP)途径相关。围手术期应用PGE1无明显地促进肝细胞增殖的作用。     

玉米肽对微波辐射大鼠肝组织损伤的治疗作用

目的：探讨玉米肽对微波辐射引起动物肝细胞肝组织损伤的治疗作用。方法36只Wistar大鼠随机分为正常对照组、辐射模型组和辐射给药组,辐射模型组和辐射给药组大鼠给予100 mW/cm2的微波辐照6 min,辐射给药组辐射后给予600 mg/（ kg· d）玉米肽,连续7 d。7 d后处死大鼠,光学显微镜观察肝细胞形态学变化,检测大鼠血清中乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、丙二醛（MDA）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷丙转氨酶（ALT）活性。结果与对照组比较,辐射模型组肝细胞体积增大,细胞核形态不规则,细胞水肿严重,细胞之间界限不明显,胞质淡染,肝血窦明显缩小或消失。血清LDH显著升高（ P＜0．05）, MDA和ALT含量升高极为显著（ P＜0．01）,SOD含量极显著下降（P＜0．01）。辐射给药组血清ALT含量显著升高（P＜0．05）。与辐射模型组比较,辐射给药组肝组织结构有明显恢复,肝细胞水肿明显减轻,细胞边界较清晰。血清ALT含量下降极为显著（P＜0．01）,SOD活性显著升高（P＜0．05）,LDH和MDA呈下降趋势。结论100 mW/cm2的微波辐照可引起大鼠肝组织损伤,玉米肽对微波辐射引起的肝组织损伤有一定的治疗效果。     

氨基胍对全肝血流阻断再灌注大鼠肺损伤的影响

目的：探讨氨基胍（AG）对全肝血流阻断再灌注大鼠肺损伤的影响。方法：阻断肝门及肝上、肝下下腔静脉20min建立大鼠全肝血流阻断再灌注模型。将90只大鼠随机均分成假手术组（A组）、全肝血流阻断组（B组）和全肝血流阻断加氨基胍治疗组（C组），每组再根据观察时间段的不同随机均分成3个亚组。A，B两组按1mL／kg从股静脉注射生理盐水，C组注射AG20mg／kg（溶于1mL／kg生理盐水中）。观察各组全肝血流阻断20min（T0）、再灌注4h（T1）门静脉血一氧化氮（NO）、内毒素（ET）、肿瘤坏死因子（TNF-α）浓度，大鼠48h生存率，大鼠肺组织湿千质量比及电镜下组织结构变化。结果：与A组比较，B，C两组T0．T1门静脉血NO，ET，TNF-α及肺湿干质量比明显升高（P〈0．05或P〈0，01），但C组明显低于B组（P〈0．05）；B，C两组大鼠48h存活率降低，但C组明显高于B组（P〈0．05）；B，C两组肺组织均存在病理改变，但C组明显轻于B组。结论：氨基胍具有保护全肝血流阻断再灌注大鼠肺组织的作用。     

不同肝血量阻断方法对原发性肝癌手术患者预后的影响

目的：探讨不同肝血量阻断方法对肝癌手术患者预后的影响。方法回顾性分析原发性肝癌患者的105例,分为全肝蒂阻断组38例、半肝阻断组32例、区域阻断组35例,对每组行不同肝血量阻断方法进行治疗。结果区域阻断组术中出血量、术中输血情况、肝血阻断时间、住院时间少于全肝蒂阻断组及半肝阻断组（P＜0．05）。区域阻断组术后第1、3、7天,血清谷丙转氨酶（ALT）、总胆红素（TBIL）水平明显低于全肝蒂阻断组及半肝阻断组;而术后第3、7天清蛋白（ALB）水平明显低于全肝蒂阻断组及半肝阻断组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。3组患者近期疗效差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05）,但区域阻断组患者完全缓解（CR）率明显高于其余两组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论对原发性肝癌患者应用区域血流适时阻断技术能最大限度减少肝组织缺氧、缺血时间,有效控制切肝出血量。     

半肝血流阻断与全肝血流阻断下肝切除术的随机对照研究

目的探讨在半肝血流阻断与全肝血流阻断下行肝切除术的疗效。方法将80例需行肝切除的原发性肝癌患者随机分为半肝血流阻断组（HLO）与全肝血流阻断组（TLO）,其中HLO组35例,TLO组45例,比较两种术式在手术时间、术中出血量、平均住院天数、术后肝功能及严重并发症发生率等的差异。结果两种术式在手术时间、术中出血量、术后肝功能及严重并发症发生率的比较差异均有显著性（P〈0．05）,围手术期死亡率的比较差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。结论半肝血流阻断法优于传统全肝血流阻断法,值得临床推广。     

选择性出入肝血流阻断技术在右半肝切除术中的应用

目的比较两种肝脏血流阻断方法在因肝脏恶性肿瘤行右半肝切除术中的作用,评价右半肝出入肝血流阻断技术在右半肝切除中的应用价值。方法将49例肝癌行右半肝切除的患者分为右半肝入肝血流阻断组（n=22）和右半肝出入肝血流阻断组（n=27）。比较两组患者术中出血量、输血患者比例、术后并发症以及术后肝功能的恢复等指标。结果两组患者术后输血比例差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,右半肝入肝血流阻断组有1例患者术后死于肝脏功能衰竭。右半肝出入肝血流阻断组术后并发症数量明显减少、无患者死亡,术中出血量明显低于右半肝入肝血流阻断组（P〈0．05）,且术后第7天的肝脏功能恢复明显优于右半肝入肝血流阻断组（P〈0．05）。结论右半肝出入肝血流阻断技术可以提高因肝脏肿瘤而行右半肝切除的成功率和患者对手术耐受性,为右半肝切除手术提供了一个安全、合理的手术方式。     

蜂胶对慢性酒精性肝损伤的保护作用及其机制研究

目的探讨蜂胶对慢性酒精性肝损伤的保护作用及其机制。方法雄性SD大鼠30只,随机分为对照组、模型组、蜂胶组各10只。对照组用生理盐水灌胃,模型组用56％红星二锅头灌胃,蜂胶组在模型组的基础上同时给予蜂胶1．0g·kg^-1·d^-1灌胃,共12w。12w后处死大鼠,测定大鼠血清谷丙转氨酶（ALT）、谷草转氨酶（AST）和肝组织超氧化物岐化酶（SOD）和丙二醛（MDA）的活性。结果（1）血清ALT、AST水平：模型组的AST、ALT水平显著高于对照组（P〈0．05）,蜂胶组的AST、ALT水平显著低于模型组（P〈0．05）;（2）肝组织SOD、MDA水平：模型组SOD活性较对照组显著降低（P〈0．05）,蜂胶组SOD活性较模型组显著升高（P〈0．05）;模型组肝组织MDA含量显著高于对照组（P〈0．05）,蜂胶组MDA含量显著低于模型组（P〈0．05）。结论蜂胶能通过增强肝组织清除氧自由基的能力,降低肝组织脂质过氧化反应而对慢性酒精性肝损伤产生保护作用。     

选择性半肝血流阻断在肝癌半肝切除术中的应用研究

目的探讨选择性半肝血流阻断在肝癌半肝切除术中的临床价值及安全性。方法将54例行半肝切除术的肝癌患者分为两组：HVC组30例，行选择性半肝血流阻断（HVC法），Pringle组24例，行第一肝门阻断（Pringle法），比较两种方法对术中失血量、手术时间、术后肝功能及并发症发生率等指标的影响。结果两组患者均顺利完成手术。两组失血量、手术时间相比，差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。两组肝功能指标、并发症发生率相比，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论肝癌半肝切除术中采用选择性半肝血流阻断能安全有效地控制术中出血．减少术后并发症．有利于术后肝功能的恢复。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.