融合免疫-蚁群的Ad Hoc网络QoS多播路由

针对Ad Hoc网络中带QoS约束的多播路由问题,提出了一种基于免疫蚁群算法的QoS多播路由发现算法。利用人工免疫算法的快速全局搜索能力寻找较优解,生成初始信息素的分布,加快收敛速度;通过蚁群算法的正反馈收敛机制求得精解,借鉴抗体排斥度的思想避免算法陷入局部最优。仿真结果表明,该算法具有较好的收敛性和寻优能力,适应于Ad Hoc网络环境的变化。     

带跳数限制的抗毁性网络设计

在网络设计中,为了保证网络服务质量,需要对网络节点间的跳数进行限制.同时网络设计还必须考虑一定的抗毁性要求.提出了使用生成树优化算法来求解某些抗毁性网络设计的难题.生成树优化算法较圆满地解决了既有连通度要求又有跳数限制的抗毁性网络设计问题.该算法不仅具有较强的实际应用价值,也对推动抗毁性网络的研究有十分重要的意义.     

复杂网络抗毁性优化研究综述

随着对复杂网络认识的不断深入,复杂网络抗毁性的优化策略成为了新的研究热点。文章从拓扑结构、网络容量以及路由策略等三个层次详述了目前国内外复杂网络抗毁性优化策略的研究进展。最后对复杂网络抗毁性研究存在的问题进行了总结,对未来的发展趋势作了展望。     

多域光网络中应用混合拓扑聚合的分段保护算法

研究了多域光网络中的路由保护问题;为了克服多域光网络中可扩展性约束,提出了一种混合拓扑聚合方法。该方法结合了全连通和生成树拓扑聚合的优点,在网络中需要存储和发布的链路状态信息与聚合信息反映实际物理拓扑的精确性之间进行了折中;然后在此混合拓扑聚合方法的基础上,提出了一种基于查询机制的多域分段保护算法。仿真表明,相比传统的多域保护算法,该算法阻塞率低,可扩展性好。     

基于树形拓扑的无线Mesh网络路由协议研究

研究和分析了无线Mesh网络路由协议及其特点,提出了无线Mesh网络路由协议设计原则.遵循这些原则,充分利用Mesh网络全相连的优点构建出树形逻辑拓扑结构,该拓扑结构能满足无线Mesh网络业务特点的要求.在该拓扑树基础上设计了一种基于树形拓扑的无线Mesh网络路由协议(TTRP),该协议采用无开销的源地址学习方式构建路由相关表项,快速链路切换和路由重定向机制大大提高了TTRP路由协议的健壮性和网络的抗毁性.网络仿真结果表明了该路由协议的可行性.     

分布式环境下的路由器级互联网抗毁性研究

基于MapReduce分布式计算框架对路由器级互联网拓扑的抗毁性进行研究,从连通性和传输效率两个角度衡量网络的拓扑抗毁性,提出了两个抗毁性新测度:网络连通率和网络传输效率比。基于MapReduce设计并实现了互联网抗毁性分析算法(AIIMR),算法在分布式环境下采用不同的攻击策略对互联网拓扑进行仿真攻击。实验对比分析了传统测度在衡量路由器网络时存在的问题,证明了所提测度的有效性。在不同网络上的实验结果表明,路由器级互联网在遭受随机攻击时表现出很强的抗毁性,而在面对蓄意攻击时则表现得十分脆弱。最后,在不同规模的Hadoop集群上进行实验,结果验证了算法的高效性和扩展性。     

一种树形拓扑的无线Mesh网络路由协议

研究和分析无线Mesh网络路由协议及其特点,提出无线Mesh网络路由协议设计原则。遵循这些原则,充分利用Mesh网络全相连的优点构建出树形逻辑拓扑结构,该拓扑结构能满足无线Mesh网络业务特点的要求。在该拓扑树基础上设计一种基于树形拓扑的无线Mesh网络路由协议(TTRP),该协议采用无开销的源地址学习方式构建路由相关表项,提高了TTRP路由协议的健壮性和网络的抗毁性。     

基于免疫－蚁群算法的电力线载波抄表动态路由方法

针对低压电力线载波抄表系统中现有的中继路由算法的不足,提出了一种基于免疫-蚁群算法的低压电力线载波抄表动态路由方法。免疫算法把目标函数和约束条件作为抗原,目标函数的优化解对应为抗体,利用蚁群算法产生和更新抗体,抗体的交叉操作及其对与抗原具有高亲和力的抗体的记忆,均能促进快速求解。该算法结合了人工免疫算法与蚁群算法两者的优点。通过仿真实验验证该算法的收敛性、抗毁性和运算性能,算法能够根据低压电力线信道的变化情况以相对较少的迭代次数收敛到最优路径,提高整个低压电力线载波抄表系统的时效性。     

复杂环境下网络抗毁性综合评估方法

为了量化、客观地评估网络在复杂环境下的抗毁性能评估,提出了一种多目标网络抗毁性评估方法。该方法引入结合粒子群算法的环境参数集概念,用于表示各项指标在不同环境下的重要程度,以体现不同环境对网络抗毁性能指标的不同要求;并从节点角度考虑将网络的鲁棒性、可用性、适应性与成本等目标综合起来,给出一种量化反映网络在不同环境下综合抗毁性能的算法,以弥补现有方法主观、非量化及无法适应复杂环境等缺陷。通过仿真实验验证了该方法的有效性。     

一种多速率移动自组网中的拓扑控制算法

提出了一种移动自组网中的拓扑控制算法MATC(multi-rate aware topology control),该算法充分考虑了无线环境中固有的多速率特性,在保证原有网络连接性的前提下删除部分低速链路,为上层的路由协议构造一个良好的拓扑,确保按需路由协议能够在一跳范围内发现最优路由.大量仿真结果表明,MATC对网络性能有较大的提高.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.