SCGP煤烧嘴损坏分析与应对策略

简要介绍了Shell粉煤气化煤烧嘴的作用、结构和安装,揭示了煤烧嘴损坏现象,分析了煤烧嘴损坏原因,并从煤质、煤烧嘴冷却水、氧煤比设置、负荷调整、煤线控制等方面考虑,针对性地提出了煤烧嘴损坏的应对策略。     

多喷嘴水煤浆气化工艺烧嘴损坏原因分析

分析了影响多喷嘴水煤浆加压气化工艺烧嘴使用寿命的主要因素,利用宏观分析、金相显微分析、扫描电镜分析和EDS能谱分析等方法,对短期损坏烧嘴和正常退出的烧嘴进行了比较,认为贯穿性裂纹产生的原因主要有:烧嘴材质与工艺介质不相容;前一使用周期时出现的裂纹损伤在修补时没有完全打磨掉,在后来的运行过程中,新出现的裂纹与原没有打磨掉的裂纹贯通等。通过采用低Ni焊丝、二次堆焊严格执行JB 4730—94Ⅲ级标准、端面5 mm±0.1 mm的加工精度、严格执行压力负荷曲线等措施,避免了工艺烧嘴的非正常损坏,烧嘴寿命达到70 d以上。     

Shell煤气化煤烧嘴运行维护策略

介绍了Shell粉煤气化煤烧嘴的作用、结构和安装,分析了煤烧嘴损坏原因,并从煤质、煤烧嘴冷却水、氧煤比设置、负荷调整、煤线控制等方面考虑,针对性地提出了煤烧嘴损坏的维护策略。     

Shell煤气化烧嘴罩运行维护策略

介绍了Shell粉煤气化的工艺原理及烧嘴罩的设计理念、结构参数、渣溢流形态、操作窗口,针对烧嘴罩损坏的现象,分析了烧嘴罩损坏的原因,并从煤质分析、煤线控制、烧嘴罩冷却水保障、氧煤比设置、负荷调整等方面考虑,提出了烧嘴罩的维护策略。     

德士古烧嘴修复与改进经验

简单分析了德士古烧嘴损坏的原因，介绍了修复与改进经验。     

影响开工烧嘴燃烧状态的因素及国内外开工烧嘴的差别

分析了开工烧嘴损坏的原因和影响开工烧嘴火焰长度的主要原因;提出了改善开工烧嘴燃烧状态的办法;对比了国内外开工烧嘴的差别。     

新型气化炉工艺烧嘴损坏原因与改进方案

针对新型气化炉工艺烧嘴造成损坏的原因和改进方案进行分析探讨,以降低气化炉工艺烧嘴的损坏率,改善其在气化炉中的运行条件,提高生产运行效益。     

水煤浆气化工艺烧嘴使用寿命的分析与探讨

介绍了水煤浆气流床加压气化装置应用的三流道内外混工艺烧嘴的结构特点和工作原理;分析了影响工艺烧嘴使用寿命的主要因素;提出了延长工艺烧嘴使用寿命的改进措施,主要包括优化结构、改进材质、提高装配质量等。     

加热炉长寿命烧嘴的研制

加热炉烧嘴在运行中的温度高达 1600℃,使用温度高,承受高温气流冲刷,损坏速度快,更换频繁。目前,国内加热炉烧嘴多为高铝质低水泥浇注料,使用寿命一般在 3年左右。高铝质烧嘴损坏原因主要是由于所用材料抗热震性不足,在使用中由于温度波动易产生裂纹,加热炉内的高温烟气顺着裂纹向内部侵蚀,使裂纹逐渐增宽、加深,加速破坏烧嘴的结构直至被彻底损坏。要延长烧嘴的使用寿命,必须提高材料的抗热震性。可塑料的抗热震性能比较好,作为加热炉炉顶、炉墙工作衬的使用寿命长达 10年以上。可塑料的优点正是烧嘴对材料主要性能的要求,所以通过确…     

关于水煤浆工艺烧嘴使用寿命的分析与探讨

介绍了水煤浆气流床加压气化装置三流道工艺烧嘴的结构特点和工作原理,分析了影响工艺烧嘴使用寿命的主要因素,提出了延长工艺烧嘴使用寿命的改进措施,主要包括优化结构、改进材质、提高装配质量、优化工艺操作等;同时,对水煤浆工艺烧嘴未来的发展方向提出了建议。     

国产一体化开工烧嘴在壳牌煤气化装置中的应用

针对壳牌煤气化装置开工烧嘴原来存在易损坏的问题,介绍开工烧嘴的作用、结构及损坏原因,对国产一体化开工烧嘴的成功应用进行详细描述,包括开工烧嘴的特点和优势以及安装、调试、顺控程序修改及参数整定。     

Shell煤气化装置点火烧嘴与开工烧嘴的试验及应用

点火烧嘴和开工烧嘴的正常投用是Shell煤气化装置顺利试车的重要环节。针对其他先期试车的装置曾出现的点火烧嘴无火焰检测信号、开工烧嘴易烧坏等问题,进行了点火烧嘴和开工烧嘴的模拟试验。通过调整进入点火烧嘴的煤气流量和空气流量,确定点火烧嘴头部火焰的强度,取得最佳测试数据;用清水代替柴油,用中压洁净氮气代替氧气,进行开工烧嘴的炉外试验,获得最优化操作参数。结果表明,点火烧嘴点火成功率为100％,火焰检测强度信号反馈时间为2s;开工烧嘴点火成功率为100％,烧嘴烧坏次数为0,火焰强度保持在90％以上。点火烧嘴和开工烧嘴的正常投用为Shell煤气化装置一次点火投煤成功奠定了基础。     

水煤浆气化耐磨烧嘴的研发与应用

针对工业烧嘴的结构特点,开展了耐磨烧嘴开发的相关研究工作,优化了氧气及水煤浆的流量和烧嘴的雾化性能,对耐磨材料进行了筛选与性能测试并选取陶瓷材料B为耐磨烧嘴的耐磨材料。水煤浆气化耐磨烧嘴投入工业化生产后,合成气成分、渣中可燃物含量、产量、消耗等各项主要指标均优于设计指标,雾化效果稳定周期长于普通烧嘴,使用寿命比普通烧嘴提高2倍。     

基于燃烧器空气动力场数值模拟

某化工厂锅炉由于炼厂干气的特点,燃烧器区域烟气温度过高,同时燃烧器不能及时得到冷却,造成燃烧器金属材料热疲劳加剧,燃烧器烧坏变形问题,文章通过计算流体动力学方法,针对两种不同结构燃烧器数值模拟了其空气动力场特性,根据计算结果提出了燃烧器设计改进思路.     

The influence of fuel bias in the primary air duct on the gas/particle flow characteristics near the swirl burner region

A three-component particle-dynamics anemometer is used to measure, in the near-burner region, the influence of the particle bias in the primary air duct on the gas/particle flow characteristics for a centrally fuel rich swirl coal combustion burner, in conjunction with a gas/particle two-phase test facility. Velocities, particle volume flux profiles and normalized particle number concentrations were obtained. Compared with a common burner (a centrally fuel rich burner without a particle concentrator), the degree of penetration for the centrally fuel rich burner is higher, the residence time of particles in the central recirculation zone is longer and the central recirculation zone is larger. The particle volume flux and normalized particle number concentration for the centrally fuel rich burner are much larger near the chamber axis. The influence of gas/particle flow characteristics on combustion has been analyzed.     

Premixed gas combustion stabilized in fiber felt and its application to a novel radiant burner

Premixed gas combustion stabilized in a unique ceramic fiber felt has been investigated. Our aim was to better understand the flame structure and flame stabilization mechanisms in the porous felt medium in order to develop a new radiant burner. A novel recuperative radiant burner was designed and constructed. A flame stabilizes near the downstream interface of the porous medium that is an excellent selective thermal emitter. The burner was developed for use as a gas-fired light source. The combustion performance of the burner at various operating conditions and the effect of heat recuperation are presented. Combustion modes on the fiber felt were examined carefully. An optimal flame structure for the premixed gas combustion is attained and the flame stabilizes in the porous fiber felt at radiant mode combustion over a wide range of firing rates. The burner emits desired spectral radiation and generates fairly intense light at the conditions of heat recuperation. The light radiant burner could be used as an alternative low-glare light source in an integrated heat and light system in which the light is distributed through light pipes.     

Experimental study of multispecies gas combustion in a several-section porous media burner

Experiments with combustion of diluted liquefied petroleum gases used as a fuel premixed with air are performed. From the experiment results, one can see that low-heat-value gases are capable of stable burning in a porous media burner. Distributions of species concentrations and flame temperature are measured. Based on these data, the flame is found to be most stable if the equivalence ratio is equal to 0.8. To improve the burner performance, experiments with different characteristics of porous media are performed. Optimal parameters of porous media are confirmed by subsequent numerical simulations. It is demonstrated that the properties of combustion in the porous media burner are superior as compared to those in the free flame burner.     

便携式燃烧器理论分析与计算

分析了几种便携式燃烧器系统的特点和应用的热负荷范围 ;导出了油箱容积、气箱容积、充气间隔的压力降和燃烧时间的关系。推导了引射器和燃烧室特性方程 ,给出了最佳结构条件的计算公式 ;引射系数一定时 ,存在一最佳几何参数 ,使引射管和燃烧室最佳工况一致。对燃烧系统采用的喷嘴形式进行了判断 ;指出喷嘴出口至混合室进口这段直管的长度对引射性能有较大影响 ,给出了该直段的长度计算公式。这些对燃烧系统的设计和调试有重要参考价值     

新型煤粉燃烧器的特性分析和产能发挥探索

实践证明,一次风用量、风道风速、旋流风的旋转和扩散、风压、二次风温、喂煤系统的计量准确性和稳定性是影响燃烧器性能发挥的主要因素。燃烧器的调试工作是一个复杂的系统工程,必须有计划、按步骤进行。燃烧器在使用中,要加强检查维护,对出现的损伤要及时进行修理。     

Pore-level numerical simulation of methane-air combustion in a simplified two-layer porous burner

A simplified two-dimensional model of two-layer porous burner based on pore level is developed.The heat transfer of solid phase in porous burner is seen as the synergistic effects of conduction through con-necting bridges and surface radiation between the solid particles in the model.A numerical simulation study on the characteristics of flow,combustion and heat transfer in the two-layer porous burner is car-ried out using the pore level model,and the effects of the control parameters such as the inlet velocity and solid thermal conductivity on thermal non-equilibrium are investigated.The results show that the flame structure is highly two-dimensional based on pore level.Obvious thermal non-equilibrium in the burner for the two phases and solid phase are observed,the largest temperature difference between the gas and solid phases is observed in combustion zone,while the temperature difference inside the solid particles is largest near the flame front.The results also reveal that thermal non-equilibrium of por-ous burner is much affected by the inlet velocity and solid thermal conductivity.