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我国械树属植物种质资源及其园林应用研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在介绍槭树属植物概况的基础上,详细阐述了园林绿地中常见的槭树属植物种类及其观赏特性,并从行道树栽植、庭院观赏和专类园营造方面说明了槭树属植物可以发挥的重要作用。最后,对如何进一步提高槭树属植物种质资源的应用提出了一些建议。 相似文献
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通过对长春15个居住区中园林植物的调查总结,总共有园林植物121种,其中槭树科的植物有10种,详细地调查这些槭树科园林植物在居住区绿地中的应用,以及槭树科植物与其他绿叶植物的遣景方式,及与其他园林设计要素的配置,并对这10种园林植物的形态特征、园林用途作详细介绍。 相似文献
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我国槭树科组织培养研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
该文从外植体选择和消毒、培养基种类、生长调节剂3方面介绍了槭树科植物组织培养研究进展;并综述了组培过程中存在的问题及解决方法,总结了其发展趋势,以期为今后槭树科植物组培研究提供参考。 相似文献
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介绍北京林业大学所引进的欧洲优质旱地生态经济型树种栓皮槭。栓皮槭是欧洲常见的一种槭树科落叶乔木,具有很强的抗逆性,可在条件很差的地区生存,同时还具有较高的经济价值和广泛的用途。栓皮槭的引进对于丰富我国旱地造林植物资源和提高造林经济效益起到了推动作用。 相似文献
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介绍槭树自身的生态习性及其秋色叶景观的特点,研究观赏槭树植物造景的原理及效果,建议在园林造景中,考虑槭树植物的群体观赏效果和与其他园林要素的配景效果,以提高槭树植物园林应用的普及,掌握槭树造景方式和手法。 相似文献
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柿野生雄性资源调查及其遗传多样性研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
柿(Diospyros kaki Thunb.)雄性种质资源非常稀缺,系统收集和梳理国内外现有雄性资源,阐明其遗传多样性并揭示其与主栽甜、涩柿品种及近缘种的亲缘关系,对雄性种质资源的高效利用有重要意义。在全国范围内开展柿野生种质资源调查,在湖北、广西、江苏等地发现野生雄性种质资源共计90余份。利用15对SSR引物对47份柿完全雄性资源、2份雄全同株资源和11份中国雌雄同株资源进行遗传多样性分析,以67份完全雌性资源、38份日本资源(其中包括25份雌雄同株资源)以及28份近缘种为对照。结果表明:15对引物共获得144个等位基因和316个基因型,平均每个引物获得9.60个等位基因和21.07个基因型,其中位点ssrDK11/DQ097479 遗传变异程度最高。从地理分布来看,柿雄性资源在适生的野外山区普遍存在,其中湖北木兰山来源的雄性资源遗传多样性最高,陕西省来源的雄性资源遗传多样性最低。UPGMA和ME聚类方法分别将193份资源分为16组和12组,两种聚类结果反映的总体规律类似:(1)各来源地间的野生雄性资源存在着一定程度的遗传隔离;(2)湖北木兰山野生雄性资源被分为遗传关系较远的两类,一类与江西、江苏、湖南野柿及‘火晶’等主栽涩柿品种和‘耀县五花柿’等雌雄同株涩柿品种亲缘关系较近,另一类与云架山雄性资源和罗田甜柿(包括‘甜宝盖’)亲缘关系较近;(3)大部分日本来源的柿资源可被单独聚为一类。 相似文献
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Angjelina Belaj Concepcion Muñoz-Diez Luciana Baldoni Zlatko Satovic Diego Barranco 《Scientia Horticulturae》2010
Genetic diversity and relationships between local cultivars and wild olive trees from three important Spanish olive-growing regions, Andalusia (South), Catalonia and Valencia (from Eastern Mediterranean Coastal area), were studied by means of eight SSR loci. Distinct allelic composition and heterozygosity levels were found in wild olive populations and cultivars. The observed patterns of genetic variation revealed: a) the independent clustering of Andalusian wild olives in a separate gene pool, b) the belonging of wild populations and most cultivars from Catalonia to another gene pool, c) the joined clustering of Andalusian and a set of Valencian cultivars in a third gene pool, and d) clustering of wild individuals from Valencia to the three different gene pools. These results suggest that wild populations of Andalusia may represent true oleasters, the ones from Catalonia may be feral forms derived from cultivar seed spreading, while the population of Valencia seems to be the most admixed one. The significant differentiation between Andalusian and most Catalonian cultivars is indicating an independent selection of olive cultivars in the two regions. The detection of a certain wild genetic background in some Catalonian and Valencian cultivars and the similarity found between wild and cultivated forms may suggest the use of local wild trees in olive domestication. The proposed scenario for the development of olive cultivars in Andalusia includes an empirical selection of outstanding local wild genotypes followed by various generations of crosses and various replanting campaigns, as well as possible introductions of ancestral cultivars. Therefore, our findings would lead us to support the hypothesis that the current diversity found in Spanish olive cultivars may be regionally differentiated and due to both, autochthonous and allochthonous origin. The information obtained in this work gives insights into the genetic resources of the main olive producing country, demonstrating that wild olive populations and local cultivars both represent potential sources of useful variability for olive breeding programs. 相似文献
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Chloroplast microsatellite markers were used in this study to genotype 43 grapevines accessions grown in Tunisia. Size variation was observed for the three cpSSR loci, both in the sample of cultivars and in wild accessions. The seven alleles observed in the sample of cultivars for the three loci are present in wild accessions except that their distribution is different. Levels of genetic diversity obtained for the Tunisian grapevines either in wild or cultivated gene pools are high and comparable with values obtained with other studied samples of Vitis vinifera. The distribution of haplotypes within the two samples is differential. Indeed, the chlorotype A is most abundant in the wild sample, whereas the chlorotype C is majority in the sample of cultivars. Haplotypes frequencies for cultivated grapevine distinguish haplotypes B and C as the most frequent (28% and 44% respectively) and haplotypes A and D as the least frequent (16% and 12% respectively). For wild grapevines, the seven alleles combined in three haplotypes, A, C and D. The haplotype A is the most frequent (44%) in the analyzed sample of wild accessions while haplotypes C and D show a frequency of 28%. Chlorotype distribution in Tunisian cultivars is comparable with that of cultivars in the Eastern Region representing the primary centre of domestication of the species. These results agree with the higher relevance of table grape cultivars in Tunisian viticulture and support an oriental origin of a large part of autochthons cultivars. Our results agree with other studies based in nuclear and chloroplast microsatellite markers and suggest independent domestication events for V. vinifera L. species. 相似文献
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对10个露地栽培的蔓生菜豆品种的抗性、产量及商品特性等进行考察比较,旨在筛选出适于昆明地区栽培的菜豆品种,为该地区菜豆的种植和推广提供依据。试验结果表明,泰国架豆王(黑皮、桂林天宇)、特级泰国架豆王和泰国架豆王(重庆华渝)3个品种的综合性状表现较好,产量较高,每667 m2分别达到了4 148.7,3 957.9,3 891.3 kg,比较适宜昆明地区种植推广。 相似文献
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中国野生葡萄抗葡萄根瘤蚜的特性鉴定 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
采用离体根系接种鉴定法对12份中国野生葡萄、4份砧木品种、2份栽培品种和1份葡萄属近缘植物进行了抗性鉴定,结果表明,供试的中国野生葡萄,仅有燕山葡萄与砧木品种沙地葡萄、SO4、5BB相同,对葡萄根瘤蚜表现为高抗,接种后葡萄根瘤蚜迅速死亡或停滞在1、2龄幼虫阶段;复叶葡萄对葡萄根瘤蚜表现为低抗,接种28 d时其平均单雌产卵量为6.5粒,种群增殖倍数为1.1;而其他中国野生葡萄与栽培品种赤霞珠、巨峰相同,对葡萄根瘤蚜均表现为易感,并且刺葡萄、葛藟、华东葡萄万县株系、华东葡萄福建株系更容易感染葡萄根瘤蚜,在接种28 d时总产卵量均超过293粒,平均单雌产卵量在15.0粒以上,种群增殖超过15.8倍。研究结果表明,多数原产中国的野生葡萄不抗葡萄根瘤蚜,但不同种类之间的抗性存在一定的差异,燕山葡萄表现为高抗,在抗葡萄根瘤蚜砧木育种中应重视使用原产美国的野生种和燕山葡萄。 相似文献