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1.
投入:工作倦怠研究的新视角   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
目的 对工作投入的相关研究进行综述.方法 文献整理法.结果 投入是雇员持续的、积极的情感激活状态,其特征为活力、奉献和专注;国外关于投入的测量方法主要有两种;倦怠和投入是可以相互区分的两个心理学概念.结论 投入是倦怠未来研究的新方向,应当对工作投入问题加以关注.  相似文献   

2.
耳廓软骨膜炎1例   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
1 临床资料患者女,19岁.主因"左耳水肿红斑3 d"于2007年10月9日来空军总医院门诊就诊.患者3 d前无明显诱因自觉左耳烧灼、痒痛,次日晨耳前上部位突然高度水肿、胀痛难忍,自服"扑尔敏"、外用"肤轻松",症状不能缓解,为进一步治疗来我院就诊.患者病程中无发热,精神饮食睡眠均正常.既往及家族史无特殊.体格检查;系统检查未见异常.皮肤科检查:左耳廓前部红肿,触之坚硬,压痛明显,表面无破溃、渗出糜烂,耳垂正常.  相似文献   

3.
1 临床资料患者, 女性, 11岁.右膝斑块7年就诊.7年前无诱因患者右膝部出现豆粒大小红色丘疹, 圆形, 边界清楚, 表面无鳞屑, 无水疱、 大疱, 无出血、渗出、溃破, 自觉微痒, 当时未介意.此后皮损渐增至鸡蛋大小, 偶感瘙痒, 无其他任何不适, 按"湿疹"在多家医院诊治, 皮损从未消退.  相似文献   

4.
考试是教学活动中的一个重要环节,目前考试成绩仍然是衡量教学质量最常用的指标,而考卷的质量直接影响到学生的考试成绩。为了更好地组织出符合教学大纲要求,既能涵盖《组织学与胚胎学》主要内容,又能够有一定区分度的试卷,我们将Microsoft Excel软件应用到其中,具体体会报道如下。  相似文献   

5.
有限自制力的理论假设及相关研究   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
自我控制与理性和谐的生活秩序息息相关。近十年来关于自我控制的研究表明.自制力类似于肌肉的力量,是有限而易消耗的,休息后能自动恢复;为了克服有限的资源与无限的需要的矛盾.个体倾向于有选择地使用宝贵的自制力资源;通过预期、启动等途径能在一定程度上降低自制力消耗的效应.通过锻炼能够有效地提升自制力的强度。未来的研究最重要的是找到直接测量自制力资源的途径.确立有限自制力理论的说服力。  相似文献   

6.
大学生消费心理及消费行为的调查与分析   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
目的 探讨大学生的实际消费心理及消费行为并进行分析.方法 采用问卷调查的方法,并结合一定量的访谈.结果 绝大多数大学生具有健康的消费心理,只有5%左右的大学生具有病态的消费心理,但却有约20%的大学生对消费意义的认知不清.结论 大学生的消费心理及消费行为应受到关注,学校应加强这方面的教育.  相似文献   

7.
李苑  吴泰顺  朱志良 《医学信息》2008,21(4):439-441
伴随着互联网技术的飞速发展,特别是Web2.0技术的出现,给众多网站带来了新的活力.这些网站更加的注重与用户的交互性,让用户也成为了网上信息的提供者,网上虚拟社区也如雨后春笋迅速发展.本文着重介绍了疫苗接种网上虚拟社区的建设,这种专注于特定领域的虚拟社区,将吸引想从该网站--疫苗接种大众资讯网获取各种疫苗接种信息的专业与非专业人士,在这里可以充分的与他人在这个虚拟的环境里尽情交流疫苗接种知识.  相似文献   

8.
王平  刘伟 《医学信息》2008,21(6):966-967
目的 通过研究骨科创伤患者引发的血栓栓塞及肺动脉栓塞,以探讨对其发病机制、临床特征、高危因素及病死率的早期治疗及预防.方法 统计自2000年2月~2006年1月的骨科创伤患者,合并血栓栓塞及肺动脉栓塞共18例(960人).进行临床资料回顾性研究分析.结果 血栓栓塞占骨科创伤病人并发症的2.76%.肺动脉栓塞占血栓栓塞的10.02%(3人).且全部死亡.其中年龄大于50岁,合并腰椎、骨盆或下肢外伤的病例占所有血栓栓塞病例的56.31%(11人).结论 年龄大于50岁,肥胖病合并腰椎、骨盆或下肢外伤,合并心血管病患,长期制动的患者,引发血栓栓塞发病率明显增高.病人可因下床,排便,咳嗽等而突然导致肺动脉栓塞死亡.诊治和预防血栓栓塞应引起骨科医生的高度重视.  相似文献   

9.
乙肝病毒血清标记物与血清HBV-DNA的关系   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的:探讨不同乙肝感染模式的患者与HBV-DNA定量结果进行对比分析.方法:采用ELISA方法检测乙肝病毒血清标记物, 荧光定量PCR (FQ-PCR) 检测HBV-DNA, 比较二者之间的关系.结果:HBsAg、 HBeAg、 HBcAb阳性组和HBsAg、 HBeAg阳性组 HBV-DNA检出率较高, 分别为96.61%和100%.HBsAg、 HBeAg、 HBcAb阳性组HBV-DNA含量平均水平为3.86×108, HBsAg、 HBeAg阳性组HBV-DNA含量平均水平为1.73×108;HBsAg、 HBeAb、 HBcAb阳性组和HBsAg、 HBcAb阳性组检出率也较高, 达45% 以上, HBV-DNA含量平均水平分别为1.30×107和1.31×106.结论:FQ-PCR检测HBVDNA能准确地反映体内的HBV真实感染和复制情况, 在乙肝的诊断和治疗中, 不能单凭两对半的检测, 同时应做HBV-DNA的定量测定.  相似文献   

10.
郭磊  冯洪山  张宛东 《医学信息》2008,21(2):244-246
目的 探讨影响中药饮片质量的因素以及保证质量的方法.方法 对本院常用中药饮片进行分析,总结其特性.结果 由于标准的不统一,产地和加工的不同,使同一种饮片质量会产生较大的差异.结论 要从立法、标准的制定、生产和加工各个环节入手.才能确保饮片的质量.  相似文献   

11.
Studies were carried out on the organization of the internal connections of the striate cortex in cats in the projection zone of the center (0–5°) of the field of vision by microintophoretic application of horseradish peroxidase to electrophysiologically identified orientational columns. The area containing neurons showing retrograde labeling in most cases extended in the mediolateral direction. Labeled cells were located in the upper (II, III) and lower (V, VI) layers of the cortex, and the shapes and orientations of the areas containing labeled neurons in these layers coincided. Spatial asymmetry was detected in the distribution of labeled neurons relative to the orientational column studied. Labeled cells were located predominantly medial to the columns, regardless of the distance from the projection of the area centralis. Considering the visuotopical map of field 17, the asymmetry detected here provides evidence that neurons in orientational columns have more extensive connections with neurons of the peripheral part of the cortex. An asymmetrical distribution of “silent” zones around the receptive fields of neurons in orientational columns is suggested, and that these appear to receive influences from the periphery of the visual field. Laboratory of Visual Physiology and Laboratory of Central Nervous System Morphology, I. P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 6 Makarov Bank, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia. Translated from Fiziologicheskii Zhurnal imeni I. M. Sechenova, Vol. 82, No. 12, pp. 23–29, December, 1996.  相似文献   

12.
The effects of the lesion of the postcommissural part of the septum on behavior of the rat has been studied. Results may be summarized as follows. An increase in the exploratory behavior in the open field which decreases rapidly; a decrease in the number of defecations in this test and a decrease in time leaving a dark environment for exploration. In the shuttle box test, no facilitation of the acquisition, but a permanent and quite significant increase in the intertrial activity has been found. We conclude that the lesions tend to decrease the emotivity of the subjects. An interpretation on the basis of the species -- specific defensive reactions explains the transitory and permanent effects of the lesions on the spontaneous activity.  相似文献   

13.
This paper reviews the lifetime contributions of the author to the field of sleep-wakefulness (S-W), reinterprets results of the early studies, and suggests new conclusions and perspectives. Long-term cats with mesencephalic transection show behavioral/polygraphic rapid eye movement sleep (REMS), including the typical oculo-pupillary behavior, even when the section is performed in kittens prior to S-W maturation. REMS can be induced as a reflex. Typical non-rapid eye movement S (NREMS) is absent and full W/arousal is present only after a precollicular section. The isolated forebrain (IF) rostral to the transection exhibits all features of W/arousal and NREMS [with electroencephalographic (EEG) spindles and delta waves], arousal to olfactory stimuli, and including the appropriate oculo-pupillary behaviors. These features also mature normally after neonatal transection. REMS is absent from the IF. After deprivation there is NREMS pressure and rebound in the IF, but the decerebrate cat only shows pressure for REMS. Most IF reactions to pharmacologic agents are within expectations, except for the tolerance/withdrawal effects of long-term morphine use which are absent. In contrast, these effects are supported by the brainstem (i.e. seen in the decerebrate cat). In cats with ablation of the telencephalon, or diencephalic cats, delta waves are absent in the thalamus. EEG thalamic spindle waves are seen triggering S for only 4-5 days after ablation. Therefore, true NREMS is absent in chronic diencephalic cats although pre- and postsomniac behaviors persist. These animals are hyperactive and show a pronounced, permanent insomnia; however, a low dose of barbiturate triggers a dramatic REMS/atypical NREMS rebound. Cats without the thalamus (athalamic cats), initially show a dissociation between behavioral hyperactivity/insomnia and the neocortical EEG, which for 15-20 days exhibits only delta and slower oscillations. Fast, low-voltage W rhythms appear later on, first during REMS, but spindle waves and S postures are absent from the start, such that these cats also display only atypical NREMS. Athalamic cats also show barbiturate-sensitive insomnia. Cats with ablation of the frontal cortices or the caudate nuclei remain permanently hyperactive. They also show a mild, but significant hyposomnia, which is permanent in afrontal cats, but lasts for about a month in acaudates. The polygraphic/behavioral features of their S-W states remain normal. We conclude and propose that: (a) the control of the S-W system is highly complex and distributed, but is organized hierarchically in a well-defined rostro-caudal manner; the rostral-most or highest level (telencephalon), is the most functionally complex/adaptative and regulates the lower levels; the diencephalic/basal forebrain, or middle level, has a pivotal role in inducing switching between S and W and in coordinating the lowest (brainstem) and highest levels; (b) W can occur independently in both the forebrain and brainstem, but true NREMS- and REMS-generating mechanisms exist exclusively in the forebrain and brainstem, respectively; (c) forebrain and brainstem S-W processes can operate independently from each other and are preprogrammed at birth; this helps understanding normal and abnormal polygraphic/behavioral dissociations in humans and normal dissociations/splitting in aquatic mammals; (d) NREMS homeostasis is present in the IF, but only REMS pressure after deprivation persists in the decerebrate cat; (e) the thalamus engages in both NREMS and W; (f) insomnia in diencephalic cats is the result of an imbalance between antagonistic W- and S-promoting cellular groups in the ventral brain (normally modulated by the telencephalon); (g) the EEG waves, which are signature for each S-W state, appear to truly drive the concomitant behaviors, e.g. a hypothetical human IF could alternate between behavioral NREMS and W/arousal/awareness; (h) a role for REMS is to keep the individual sleeping at the end of the self-limiting NREMS periods. The need for accelerating research on telencephaling NREMS periods. The need for accelerating research on telencephalic S-W processes and downstream control of the lower S-W system levels is emphasized.  相似文献   

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The endothelium of the ocular drainage system (Schlemm’s canal, collector tubules, and aqueous veins) in primary juvenile glaucoma undergoes degenerative dystrophic changes with compensatory hypertrophy and proliferation at the initial stages of the glaucomatous process and atrophy and desquamation at advanced and terminal stages. Progressive decrease in the pinocytous function of endotheliocytes, reduction of the protein-synthesizing and mitochondrial compartments of the cytoplasm, and formation of autophagosomes reflect the process of endotheliocyte degeneration in general. __________ Translated from Byulleten’ Eksperimental’noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 145, No. 5, pp. 574–577, May, 2008  相似文献   

17.
The hip joints of 30 human male and female fetuses and stillborns between 20 mm and 350 mm crown-rump length were studied by light microscopy. The ligament of the head of the femur developed in situ as a condensation of mesenchyme at the end of the second month of intra-uterine life (IUL), and was vascularized by branches of acetabular vessels early in the fourth month. In the majority of fetuses older than 5.5 months IUL, vessels in the ligament passed a short way into the femoral head within cartilage canals, to supply a small region around the fovea capitis. The remainder of the head was supplied by vessels in canals from around the upper part of the neck. The ligament changed from predominantly cellular to fibrous during the last 4 months of IUL. This increase in strength suggested significant mechanical functions in utero: limitation of adduction-flexion and opposition to postero-superior dislocation were the most likely.  相似文献   

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Studies reported here show that intrastriatal administration of corticoliberin to rats decreases the blood testosterone level. However, in conditions of chemical deficiency of dopaminergic transmission in the dorsal striatum induced by injection of 6-hydroxydopamine, the effect of this neurohormone did not appear. It is concluded that extrahypothalamic corticoliberin is involved in regulating the hormonal reproductive system acting via dopaminergic mechanisms. Translated from Rossiiskii Fiziologicheskii Zhurnal imeni I. M. Sechenova, Vol. 85, No. 4, pp. 594–597, April, 1999.  相似文献   

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