阀芯结构对节流截止阀流阻特性和内部流动特性的影响

为探索阀芯结构对节流截止阀性能的影响,基于有限体积法和标准k-ε湍流模型,在不同开度条件下,采用数值模拟的方法,研究平底、梯形和弧形三种不同阀芯结构节流截止阀的流阻特性,分析阀内部的速度和压力分布规律;并对三种阀芯结构的节流截止阀的流阻特性开展水力试验研究,数值模拟得到的阀门流量系数和流阻系数的结果与水力试验结果比较吻合。结果表明,在开度小于40%时,梯形和弧形阀芯结构的阀门较平底阀芯结构的阀门内部低压回流区有所减弱,压力分布趋于均匀,阀门流阻系数减小,更有利于阀门内部流体的流通;当开度大于55%时,三种阀芯结构的阀门流阻系数基本重合,并趋近与零;在整个开度,弧形阀芯结构的阀门流量随阀门开度变化较为均匀,更有利于阀门流量的调节。     

水压锥阀空化射流流场结构与流量特性的相关性研究

为了研究水压锥阀空化流场与流量特性的相关性,对两种阀座结构的水压锥阀内部的空化射流开展了三维动态流场仿真.结果表明,直角型锥阀和倒角型锥阀均在阀芯后沿存在分离流诱发的附着型空化,在阀口下游有漩涡空化;此外,倒角阀座流道内亦存在分离流现象并形成附着型空化.倒角型流道入口处的分离流造成流体的局部加速,对于0.6 mm开口度...     

某冷却系统用三通调节阀内部湍流动能和 耗散率分析

为研究三通调节阀阀芯节流锥面对内部介质的流动影响,采用CFD软件对阀门内部湍流进行了三维数值模拟,探讨了典型工况下,阀芯节流锥面对阀门内部湍流动能和湍流耗散率的影响,分析发现节流锥面可大幅度降低上阀座在大开度范围内、下阀座在小开度范围内的湍流动能和耗散率,二者降幅达30%以上。所以,阀芯节流锥面可显著降低阀门内部湍流动能的损失以及湍流耗散率的扩散,有利于流动的稳定性和节能性。     

基于Fluent的不同阀芯与阀体组合的数值模拟研究

从理论上分析液压节流阀的最佳结构形状,利用Fluent软件对不同结构阀芯与阀体组合形式内的流场和压力梯度进行分析。分析得出:单独改进阀座或阀芯时,阀芯对内部流体流动影响较大;在所建立的模型中,双锥面阀座与单锥面阀芯结构的组合阀内流体流动最稳定。     

高温高压差液控阀空化和空蚀的数值分析

采用高温高压液控阀的实际操作条件和介质的物性参数,基于两相空化流动的控制方程和RNG k-ε湍流模型,对液控阀的空化和空蚀特性进行数值分析。结果表明:流体在流经阀座和阀芯之间的间隙时,流速急剧增加,压力迅速降低至液体的饱和蒸汽压以下,形成空化。由于阀芯出口处的突扩结构,流速急剧降低,产生分离现象,从而在下游出现回流区,回流区域会形成空化带。并且,当操作温度升高和入口压力增加均会导致空化的区域增大、强度增加。数值模拟结果与阀芯的实际失效形貌基本吻合,证明该方法可成功应用于阀门的空化和空蚀预测。     

低噪音迷宫调节阀设计

1　概述低噪音迷宫调节阀是一种流体压力平衡型套筒阀 (图 1、图 2 )。该阀适合于对高压差流体的控制。由于采用了迷宫套筒 ,可以完全控制流体流经阀内件时的流速 ,从而大幅度降低了高压差气体和蒸汽产生的噪音 ,能有效防止液体产生汽蚀 ,提高阀门的使用寿命。1 阀芯　 2 平衡密封环　 3 平衡缸　 4 上阀盖垫圈　 5 Ｐ/Ｂ垫圈　 6 上阀盖　 7 ＴＶ座　 8 聚四氟乙烯Ｖ形填料　 9 填料压盖　 10 防尘圈　 11 填料压板　 12 阀杆　 13 填料弹簧　 14 填料座　 15 阀体　 16 迷宫套筒　 17 阀座　18 阀座垫圈图 1　低噪音迷宫调节阀2　…     

阀口形状对套筒调节阀调控特性的影响

为了满足管道系统调节性能的要求,本文基于计算流体力学(CFD),研究了阀口节流截面形状对套筒调节阀调控的影响。讨论了椭圆型阀口、V型阀口和扇形阀口3种类型的节流阀。结果表明,流道的几何形状对流量系数影响很大;V形阀口具有类似的等百分比流量特性;扇形阀口具有类似的线性流动特性。相对特性随截面形状的变化而变化。在小开口时,阀门的内部流动更为复杂。阀芯附近的能量损失相对较大。     

不同阀芯结构节流阀流阻特性研究

基于标准k-ε湍流模型对四组不同阀芯结构(平底、小弧、大弧、波浪形)调节阀流阻性能进行研究,分析流场内速度流线、压力云图,得到流动规律及阀前后压力损失,流阻系数ξ。研究表明:随着阀芯开度增加,阀内流阻系数逐渐减小。10%开度时平底阀芯结构调节阀内流阻系数最大,大弧形与波浪形阀芯结构调节阀的流阻系数最小,对比发现大弧形与波浪形阀芯结构调节阀的截阻性能较平底阀芯调节阀的流阻系数值减小9.71%;全开度下大弧、小弧阀芯以及波浪形阀芯调节阀内部流阻系数相近,平底阀芯全开度下流阻系数相较于其他三组减小了14.69%。表明该工况下,阀芯处于全开度时,平底阀芯截阻性能具有一定的优势,因此,调节阀在小开度工况下工作时可选用大弧阀芯与波浪形阀芯结构。     

外展盘式控制角阀动水扭矩和动水力的应用研究

外展盘式控制角阀在高压差工况下运行时，常规的阀杆与连接块螺纹连接结构很容易出现相对转动，进而可能导致阀杆脱落，严重时甚至会引发装置安全事故。此外，高压差流体产生的动水力容易导致阀芯导向叶片磨损阀座密封面及阀座内孔，致使阀门产生动作卡涩现象，影响了阀门的控制精度。基于数值计算，分析阀芯导向叶片结构、安装角度对阀芯所受动水扭矩及动水力的影响，对工程应用中阀杆与连接块连接形式及阀芯导向叶片安装角度的选择有重要指导意义。     

套筒式调节阀套筒节流孔的结构改进

针对套筒式调节阀因工作时阀内流体压差过高、流速快,易在套筒节流孔处产生阻塞流,导致在一定开度下阀门流通能力降低,阀内噪声增大,致使套筒、阀芯、阀座损坏的问题,以DN80套筒式调节阀为研究对象,对调节阀套筒节流孔型进行改进,并对比分析两种结构下阀门的流通特性。在中国天瑞水泥集团有限公司的实验室内搭建实验平台,分析调节阀流道内流量系数曲线图和流阻系数曲线图,并通过数值模拟技术予以对比验证。研究结果表明,在全开时,流缩型的流通能力明显高于另外两种,流量为18.257 kg·s^-1,流通系数为163.135。较原模型全开时流量14.876 kg·s^-1流通能力提升约22.73%,验证了流缩型节流孔改进的合理性。     

阀杆倾角对角座阀流量特性影响的数值研究

采用计算流体动力学方法研究阀杆倾角对角座阀流量特性的影响。分别采用数值模拟和实验测试,获得了在不同阀门进出口压差条件下,阀杆倾角为45°,55°和60°时阀内介质体积流量,对比验证了数值计算的准确性。在此基础上,对不同阀杆倾角条件下阀内的流场和阀门的通流能力进行分析。结果表明阀内的最高流速及速度场分布对阀门的通流能力具有重要影响：当阀杆倾角为45°时,阀内介质的流速最高,流量系数最大,流阻系数最小;阀杆倾角处于45°～60°范围时,随着角度的增加,角座阀的流量系数随之降低,流阻系数相应增加。对于该流道结构的角座阀,阀杆倾角推荐采用45°～50°的设计范围。     

Investigation of the mechanical behavior of a flexible solid metal seal for a cryogenic butterfly valve

Seat tightness at the fully shut position should be a consideration in the development of a butterfly valve for use in a liquefied natural gas (LNG) vessel. A flexible solid metal seal offers sufficient tightness of the butterfly valve and meets the specifications for cryogenic temperature. In the present study, characteristics for a cryogenic butterfly valve, such as the flow coefficient and the pressure loss coefficient, were estimated by numerical fluid analysis carried out to simulate 3-D flow and to study performance as it was affected by the opening angles of the valve disc. A design criterion to ensure the seat tightness of the butterfly valve at the fully shut position was proposed, in which the contact pressure between the metal seal and the valve disc would be compared with the fluid pressure. Numerical structural analysis showed that the contact pressure can be calculated by simulation of the frictional contact behavior on the surface of the metal seal and the valve disc. As a result, an adequate flexibility of the metal seal and the valve disc was required in order to accomplish a contact pressure that would be high enough to satisfy the seat tightness requirement. Under cryogenic temperature, thermal shrinkage caused the metal seal to adhere closely to the valve disc periphery at both sides and raised the contact pressure to a relatively high value, though there was no contact across a small area at the center position, which is susceptible to leakage. An additional displacement of the metal seal and the valve disc appeared at an operating fluid pressure of 6.9 bar and produced sufficient contact pressure at the no-contact area. This was verified by experimental leakage tests performed at room and cryogenic temperatures.     

电磁阀内部流场CFD分析

利用计算流体力学软件FLUENT对一种气井专用的电磁阀内部流场进行了计算和分析,结果表明:阀芯后部存在低速区,下部出口管内存在两个明显的涡流区,涡流区的出现加大了流动的阻力;随着阀芯开度的增大,阀芯后部低速区仍然存在,涡流区的旋转强度减弱,阀体内的湍动能和湍能耗散率减小,电磁阀的总压降减小;锥形阀座壁面和下游出口管下部壁面剪应力较大,其它区域剪应力较小,因此在阀芯锥面以及阀座锥形壁面和下游出口管下部的壁面处容易磨损。研究结果为电磁阀内部结构的设计提供了指导。     

逆止阀内部流场的数值模拟与分析

应用软件CATIA生成计算模型,并利用前处理软件HYPERMESH对逆止阀模型进行网格分割。采用FLUENT软件中标准k-ε方程的湍流模型对逆止阀内部流场进行三维数值模拟。分析不同阀座及阀瓣角度下,逆止阀的内部流场情况,并得出如下结论:当阀瓣达到最大开度时,逆止阀流阻系数随着阀座角度的增大而增大;又基于动量定理,对逆止阀阀瓣与阀座间的冲撞关系给出了具体的计算结果;并考虑了逆止阀的密封性,计算了阀座对阀瓣的支撑力,由此作为选取最优阀瓣及阀座配合的依据。     

斜置双瓣止回阀内部流态的模拟与试验研究

为了改进普通止回阀存在的开启角度小、流阻系数大等不足,设计一种新型斜置双瓣止回阀,对其在30°、50°、70°、80°及全开工况下的内部流动特性进行分析,计算出流阻系数及流量系数。对其进行压力损失特性试验及流量特性试验,计算出每个工况下的流阻系数及流量系数,将其与模拟数据进行对比分析。研究结果表明,斜置双瓣止回阀的模拟结果与试验结果比较接近,开启角度大,压力损失小,流阻系数小,流量系数大,通流能力好。通过对斜置双瓣止回阀进行数值模拟及试验研究,斜置双瓣止回阀的设计对流体系统节能具有指导意义。     

Study on the influence of structural parameters on the flow and cavitation characteristics of tandem multi-stage pressure-reducing valves

Tandem multi-stage pressure-reducing valves (TMSPRV) are widely used for piping systems in the process industry. The flow coefficient is a central factor in valve design. The cavitation was caused by the local pressure of the fluid passing through the pressure-reducing valve being lower than the saturated steam pressure. Would cause serious damage to the pipeline system. Therefore, it is important to investigate systematically the effect of throttling structure parameters on the flow and cavitation characteristics of valves. In this paper, a combination of experimental and numerical simulations was used to study the effect of different structural parameters of valves on the flow coefficient. The results showed that increasing the flow channel inclination is beneficial to enlarging the flow coefficient. Meanwhile, the effects of different structural parameters on pressure and velocity of pressure reducing valves are discussed, the results indicated that increasing the inclination of the flow channel would reduce the vortex volume at the outlet. With the increase of the chamfer, the low-pressure area caused by the vortex in the near-wall surface decreases. Numerical simulations are conducted to investigate the effect of different structural parameters on the cavitation characteristics of valves. The numerical results showed that the flow channel inclination angle is 60° and the flow channel chamfer is less than 6 mm as the optimal value. In summary, considering the influence of structural parameters on flow coefficient, flow characteristics, and cavitation characteristics. The runner inclination angle is 60°, and the runner chamfer is 4 mm as the best value. The research work in this paper could provide technical support to achieve a better fluid pressure reducing and flow state of the TMSPRV under severe working conditions.     

V形调节球阀的结构优化

利用计算流体力学CFD软件,研究V形调节球阀在不同开度下的流量特性并进行数值模拟分析。结合实验数据,优化V形切口形状,使其与理想的流量特性趋于一致,提高了阀门的调节性能。     

电站汽轮机调节阀振动试验研究

针对电站汽轮机常用调节阀的不稳定和振动工况进行试验研究，利用微小型高频动态压力传感器等先进测试仪器，测量阀门内部流场，尤其是阀座喉部、阀瓣头部等关键部位，获得阀门流体诱发振动结论。在大压比、大升程条件下，喉部各测点的脉动压力不大，流动稳定。中小压比、中小升程时，压力脉动达到相对的最大值或变化最大，此时气流对阀瓣的作用力也达到最大。气流脉动一般含有小于几百Hz的主频，所以这种条件下气流与结构相对容易发生共振。     

Study on the design of ball valve based on elastic ring valve seat structure and fluid characteristics and fatigue strength

Aimed at the technical problems such as the influence of granular medium on spring pre-tightening force sealing, a new ball valve based on elastic ring valve seat structure is studied. The spring plate type valve seat structure is designed to cooperate with the ball core for sealing, and the blade spring coil is used to cooperate with the ball core for sealing in the spring plate type valve seat structure. Wherein the supporting back ring supports the blade leaf spring on the outer side to enhance and protect the role of the blade spring coil. The design without the spring cavity avoids the problem of sealing failure caused by medium entering into the spring cavity and affecting the compression spring, and avoids the situation that the valve seat can be sealed with the ball core by pre-tightening the compression spring, thus avoiding the problem of sealing failure caused by the valve seat sticking on the valve body. The mechanical and flow characteristics are studied and analyzed by the ball valve characteristic test system. The stem torque, unbalance torque, flow characteristics and flow coefficient variation at different nominal diameters are analyzed. The seal allowable squeeze stress and seal surface pressure are analyzed, and the seal is stable and reliable with the seal pressure meeting the seal design criteria. The fluid dynamics simulation analyzes the velocity, pressure and flow traces of the fluid flowing through the ball valve under three opening degrees: fully closed, half open and fully open, the maximum velocity-pressure and opening degree variation curves of the inlet and outlet, the maximum velocity-pressure and opening degree variation curves of the inlet and outlet under different nominal diameters and the flow resistance coefficient curves. Static strength analysis was done for the ball core and spring plate seat structure to obtain the stress, displacement, strain and safety factor. The fatigue strength of the ball spool and spring-loaded plate seat structure was analyzed, and the total number of lives (cycles) and load factors were obtained, and the results show that the fatigue strength of the ball spool and spring-loaded plate seat structure is safe and the fatigue strength meets the requirements. Ball valve pressure test, low pressure sealing test and high pressure sealing test, valve body strength and ball valve sealing performance all meet the requirements.