大跨变截面波形钢腹板箱梁横向受力分析

为研究大跨变截面波形钢腹板预应力混凝土（PC）组合箱梁顶板在车轮局部荷载作用下的横向受力问题,结合2座桥例,分别建立全桥实体有限元模型;选择纵向3个典型截面,建立与之匹配和考虑有效分布宽度的平面框架模型;依据实体模型中顶板控制截面的横向应力影响线进行空间实体模型和平面框架模型的横向最不利加载,获得控制截面的最大横向拉应力及其沿纵向的变化规律,并对比了2种模型的计算结果。结果表明:对于顶板悬臂根部截面和腹板内侧截面,框架法与实体有限元法计算结果吻合良好;对于顶板跨中截面,腹板间距较大时,框架法的计算值偏于保守,设计中需对框架法的计算值进行适当折减;随着加载位置由跨中向支点移动,顶板跨中截面的横向应力峰值逐渐减小,悬臂根部截面和腹板内侧截面的横向应力峰值有增大趋势;有无横隔板对桥面板的横向受力影响很小,顶板跨中截面的横向应力值随波形钢腹板线刚度的增加线性减小。     

基于ABAQUS的超高韧性组合桥横向整体受力数值模拟

为了研究超高韧性组合桥在车轮荷载作用下的横向受力特性,通过ABAQUS建立了超高韧性混凝土(UHTCC)-钢组合桥面结构有限元模型,选取适合的材料本构、单元类型和接触关系,根据塑性损伤模型,对不同栓钉间距和钢筋配筋率、不同铺装层厚度的桥面方案整体横向应力进行对比,分析了这两种因素对于超高韧性组合桥面板静力性能的影响.结...     

鱼腹式钢箱梁正交异性桥面板复合铺装层有限元分析及试验研究

针对某大宽跨比鱼腹式钢箱梁正交异性桥面复合式铺装层的优化设计,进行多荷载工况作用下的有限元仿真分析,并辅以静载模型试验,分析铺装层各部分的应力分布规律。理论分析及试验结果表明,桥顶板表现出明显的正交异性特征,合理密度的剪力钉增加了桥面铺装各部分间的黏结能力及整体受力性能。两组试件疲劳试验结果表明,增设剪力钉辅以钢纤维混凝土过渡层的复合桥面铺装结构,经830万次疲劳加载试验没有出现疲劳破坏迹象,抗疲劳性能明显优于沥青混凝土直接摊铺于钢箱梁顶板表面的桥面铺装,钢纤维混凝土层能延长桥面铺装的使用寿命。     

考虑桥面铺装作用的正交异性钢桥面板应力幅分析

建立钢箱梁节段有限元模型、顶板与U肋连接细节模型,并在模型中考虑桥面铺装层。将钢箱梁节段模型作为粗糙模型,通过子模型法插值得到顶板与U肋连接细节有限元模型的边界条件。在车轮荷载作用下,讨论铺装层弹性模量、厚度及泊松比3个参数对顶板与U肋连接细节应力幅的影响。结果表明:提高铺装层弹性模量和增加铺装层厚度可显著降低横隔板间该细节的应力幅,但对横隔板处该细节应力幅的降低作用不明显;改变铺装层泊松比对顶板与U肋连接细节应力幅影响很小。在实际工程中,对顶板厚度较小的钢桥面板,可以通过增加铺装层厚度以减小顶板与U肋连接细节的局部应力。建议采用钢纤维混凝土等弹性模量大、温度影响小的材料作为桥面铺装层。     

钢箱梁桥面铺装应变及相关参数分析

针对现有钢箱梁外腹板附近桥面铺装开裂这一主要破坏形式,采用有限元分析的手段对钢桥面铺装层进行力学分析,计算以典型扁平钢箱梁为基础,研究了沥青铺装层在车轮荷载作用下的横向应变分布的变化规律,确定最不利加载位置,并进一步通过对影响桥面板刚度的几个构造参数（顶板厚、U肋高度以及U肋开口宽）的分析,得出最大横向拉应变随各参数的变化规律。     

基于波形钢板的钢箱梁正交异性桥面板静力特性研究

提出一种基于波形钢板的新型钢箱梁正交异性桥面板结构形式,该新型桥面板结构包括上顶板、波形钢板加劲肋、下顶板和横肋。通过有限元方法对新型正交异性板的横向传力特性进行分析,并研究了顶板厚度、横肋间距、横肋厚度等参数变化对新型结构疲劳热点应力的影响规律。研究结果表明:新型正交异性板具有双向受力的特点,与传统正交异性桥面板的受力模式明显不同,因此结构设计时需要加大横肋间距,才能充分发挥桥面板较明显的荷载横向分配特性;同时,基于构造参数的影响,提出了适合新型结构的构造参数,以充分发挥新型结构的优势,避免过于复杂的焊接构造。     

波形钢腹板组合箱梁横向温度应力计算分析

波形钢腹板组合箱梁作为一种新型组合结构,由于其结构的特殊性,在日照温差作用下产生的桥面板横向应力需要进行深入研究与分析。论文基本平面外抗弯刚度相等的原则对波形钢腹板组合箱梁的横向框架计算提出了简化计算模型。依据现有的设计规范,计算了箱梁顶板在温度梯度作用下的温度自应力及次应力,并与同类型的混凝土箱梁进行比较,计算结果表明,波形钢腹板组合箱梁对温度梯度的敏感性较低,对于防止箱梁顶板出现纵向裂缝有一定优势。论文的结论可为波形钢腹板组合箱梁横向设计提供参考。     

钢-薄层UHPC轻型组合桥面结构疲劳性能研究

以含U型肋的钢-薄层超高性能混凝土(UHPC)轻型组合桥面结构为对象,开展了稀疏栓钉布置下的组合桥面三点弯曲疲劳试验,研究了栓钉抗剪和薄层UHPC抗弯拉、疲劳性能,并进行了剩余强度试验.疲劳试验结果表明,累计经历3200万次疲劳加载后,UHPC顶面的最大裂缝宽度仅为0.05 mm,且钢-薄层UHPC界面未见显著滑移.剩...     

九堡大桥引桥桥面板更换预案分析

九堡大桥引桥采用组合梁结构.考虑到组合梁中的混凝土桥面因直接承受局部荷载的作用,容易发生破坏,将组合梁的桥面板设计为可更换构件.根据九堡大桥引桥组合箱梁的结构特点,提出了不同的桥面板更换预案,通过有限元方法建立引桥的空间有限元模型,分析了引桥结构在桥面板不同更换方案中的响应.分析结果表明,桥面板局部更换方案和桥面板整体...     

大跨斜拉桥钢箱梁正交异性桥面详细应力计算和桥面优化研究

正交异性钢桥面箱梁广泛应用于大跨斜拉桥,顶板厚度和纵肋规格是最重要的结构参数。为研究正交异性钢桥面结构设计关键参数对受力的影响,以广东省江顺大桥主跨700 m混合梁斜拉桥为研究对象,建立大规模全桥结构组合有限单元模型;选取桥面U肋板厚和顶板厚两个关键参数作为变量,考虑这两个厚度的不同组合,采用标准车辆荷载、超重车辆荷载、标准疲劳车辆荷载和欧洲LC标准荷载分别作用在主车道和重车道上,对比计算了22种荷载工况,通过计算详细了解不同参数变化时桥面结构的详细应力分布和控制应力的变化。     

Loading capacity of composite slim frame beams

The estimation of the flexural stiffness and bending capacity of composite slim beams is rather complicated, because the influence of many factors should be taken into account. These factors include variable section dimensions, development of cracks and non-linear characteristics of concrete. This is especially true for the composite slim frame beam, in which the sagging moment region and the hogging moment region should both be considered. In this paper, experimental investigations have been conducted to investigate the flexural behavior of two specimens of composite slim frame beam with deep deck under monotonic loading. Based on the experimental results, formulas of calculating the bending capacity and flexural stiffness in the hogging moment region of the slim beam with deep deck has been proposed. Combining these formulas with existing formulas of sagging moment, formulas for the equivalent stiffness and the design method of the frame slim beam have been developed. The feasibility of the proposed formulas and design method has been verified by the test results.     

Steel–concrete composite bridge deck slab with profiled sheeting

This paper presents an experimental study of a steel–concrete composite bridge deck slab with profiled sheeting and perfobond shear connectors. Two full-scale deck slab specimens cast onto three concrete blocks were fabricated and tested under static loading to examine the ultimate load-carrying capacity of the proposed deck slab system under sagging and hogging bending actions. The ultimate behaviour of the full-scale deck slab specimens is also compared with that of simply supported deck specimens under hogging bending only. In addition, the load–deflection behaviour of the proposed deck system is compared with that of a reinforced concrete (RC) deck slab. The test results indicate that the ultimate load-carrying capacity of the proposed deck system is at least 220% greater than that of the RC deck system and that the deck weighs about 23% less than the RC deck system. The paper summarizes the test results, findings, and recommendations for future study.     

钢简支梁的新型桥面连续结构抗弯性能试验研究

简支梁桥桥面伸缩缝多,导致行车不舒适,因而多跨简支梁采取桥面连续的措施被广泛应用。海南铺前跨海大桥引桥跨越地震带,为提高行车舒适性,同时达到强震下保护钢梁梁体的目的,文章提出受力性能优良、易修复的钢 STC(super toughness concrete,简称STC)轻型组合简支变桥面连续结构。为探明该简支梁的新型桥面连续结构的抗弯性能,设计两种方案,并对两种方案分别开展负弯矩区足尺模型试验。结果表明,方案2的裂缝开展集中在螺栓连接带区域,而方案1螺栓带STC基本无裂缝发展。从破坏模式看,方案1为U肋受压屈服,螺栓未剪断;方案2为螺栓剪断,U肋未屈服,这意味着在强震下简支变桥面连续结构可保护钢箱梁主体结构。通过有限元软件对试验进行仿真模拟,计算结果与试验结果吻合良好。在此基础上,对两种桥面连续结构方案进行实桥有限元计算,结果表明,两种方案均能满足正常使用极限状态的使用要求,但方案2中STC层的抗裂安全系数(214MPa/197MPa=109)高于方案1(224MPa/220MPa=102)。通过计算两个方案的设计弯矩,并与试验得到的极限抗弯承载力比较,方案1和方案2的承载力系数分别为11和18,方案2高于方案1。同时计算得到两个方案的转角刚度基本持平,均高于原简支梁设计方案。综合试验结果和计算结果,方案2优于方案1,目前该方案已应用于海南铺前跨海大桥的引桥工程中。     

Fatigue behavior and statistical evaluation of the stress category for a steel-concrete composite bridge deck

The maintenance cost of bridges is rapidly increasing since many existing bridges are deteriorating or reaching their design life all over the world. Moreover, as many long-span bridges are under construction and planning in Korea, research and development on bridge decks with high load-resistance capacity as well as high fatigue strength has become a growing concern. This research gives experimental results of the fatigue behavior of a new-type of steel-concrete composite bridge deck being developed under such circumstances. The proposed composite bridge deck consists of corrugated steel plate, welded steel ribs, stud shear connectors, and reinforced concrete filler. Fatigue tests were conducted under a four-point bending test with four different stress ranges in constant amplitude. In order to determine the influence of the concrete filling, fatigue tests on partial steel specimens containing only plain corrugated steel plates were performed in advance. The partial steel specimens and the steel-concrete composite deck specimens both showed fatigue failure in the tension part concerning the fillet welding part between the corrugated steel plate and steel rib. Finally, the stress category of the fillet welding part of each specimen is evaluated based on a statistical approach of Albrecht’s probability model. The research concludes that the fatigue behavior of such steel-concrete composite decks under sagging moment can be estimated based on the classical S-N approach, focusing on steel components.     

Bending behavior of concrete-encased composite I-girder with corrugated steel web

A partially encased composite I-girder with flat or corrugated web has been proposed to improve the structural performance of continuous composite girder under hogging moment. The flexural behavior of such structure under two points symmetric loading has been experimentally and analytically investigated. Static flexural loading tests showed that the partially encased girder improved bending strength in comparison to steel I-girder, as local bucking of steel flange was restricted by encased concrete. Especially for the corrugated web girder, the ultimate bending strength was improved about 20%, and the ductility also increased about 3 times. In addition, the limitation of width-to-thickness ratios for steel and concrete-encased composite I-girders with corrugated web were suggested to prevent premature failure due to local buckling of compressive flange. Moreover, the analytical methods of flexural strength under service and ultimate state for partially encased composite girder were proposed and verified with experimental results. It was found that the analytical bending strengths agreed well with the experimental ones at both service and ultimate state, which means the proposed analytical equations can be applied in predicting flexural strength accurately for such encased composite girder with flat or corrugated web.     

Fatigue evaluation of steel-concrete composite deck in steel truss bridge——A case study

An innovative composite deck system has recently been proposed for improved structural performance. To study the fatigue behavior of a steel-concrete composite bridge deck, we took a newly-constructed rail-cum-road steel truss bridge as a case study. The transverse stress history of the bridge deck near the main truss under the action of a standard fatigue vehicle was calculated using finite element analysis. Due to the fact that fatigue provision remains unavailable in the governing code of highway concrete bridges in China, a preliminary fatigue evaluation was conducted according to the fib Model Code. The results indicate that flexural failure of the bridge deck in the transverse negative bending moment region is the controlling fatigue failure mode. The fatigue life associated with the fatigue fracture of steel reinforcement is 56 years. However, while the top surface of the bridge deck concrete near the truss cracks after just six years, the bridge deck performs with fatigue cracks during most of its design service life. Although fatigue capacity is acceptable under design situations, overloading or understrength may increase its risk of failure. The method presented in this work can be applied to similar bridges for preliminary fatigue assessment.     

钢-混凝土连续组合梁桥负弯矩区抗裂设计

为进一步验证抗拔不抗剪连接件对组合梁桥负弯矩区抗裂的效果,并研究采用该连接件时负弯矩截面的设计方法,利用考虑滑移效应的组合梁负弯矩区受力模型,推导了采用抗拔不抗剪连接时组合梁负弯矩截面承载力的计算模型,计算结果与有限元分析结果吻合良好.通过理论推导,进一步证明了抗拔不抗剪连接件对负弯矩截面承载力的折减不大,且能有效延缓...     

钢板-超薄UHPC-TPO组合桥面静力和疲劳试验研究

为探明钢-超薄UHPC （Ultra-high Performance Concrete）-TPO （Thin Polymer Overlay）组合桥面基本力学性能,设计5块钢-超薄UHPC-TPO组合板进行抗弯静力试验及疲劳试验。静力试验结果表明：在负弯矩作用下,UHPC层的开裂强度为22.1～24.3MPa;TPO先于UHPC进入非线性阶段。疲劳试验结果表明：若将此方案应用于虎门大桥悬索桥,则UHPC层在设计应力幅下疲劳开裂寿命可达925.7万次,TPO层将不会因疲劳而开裂;疲劳加载后,组合板剩余弯拉强度均值为26.9kN,整体抗弯刚度与静力试验结果相比仅下降13%。研究表明,钢桥面-超薄UHPC-TPO组合桥面具有优良的抗弯拉性能。     

Experimental study on inelastic mechanical behaviour of composite girders under hogging moment

Negative bending moments acting on the support regions of continuous composite girders generate tensile stresses in the concrete slab and compressive stresses in the lower steel profile. As a result, the mechanical behaviour of these girders becomes strongly nonlinear, which needs special study. In this paper, static experimental tests on four half-scale models of steel and concrete composite girders with different shear connectors such as studs and Perfo-Bond Strips (PBLs) under hogging moments are cautiously conducted in order to investigate the reduction of flexural stiffness and the inelastic behaviour after cracking. In the test results, crack development, crack widths and strains of the composite section before and after cracking were observed. The crack width evaluation methods based on design codes for steel and concrete composite girders under negative bending moment were compared. Crack widths should be controlled appropriately within an allowable value in the slab under service load. The strains in reinforcing bars obtained through the static tests agreed well with the values calculated through the application of the existing tension stiffening theory. The test specimens could be assumed to be a full composite section until the ultimate state on the basis of load and slip relationship results of shear connectors. It follows that analytical and experimental studies can be served as a basis for the design of continuous composite bridges.     

钢-混凝土组合梁截面组合抗剪性能的试验研究

对4根密实截面钢-混凝土组合梁的组合抗剪性能进行了试验研究。试件全部采用简支,跨中两点对称单调静力加载,考虑抗剪连接程度及正负弯矩的影响。试验结果表明,组合梁负弯矩区的界面滑移规律与正弯矩区的不同,其大小对组合梁的抗剪承载能力影响较小。不论混凝土翼板是处于组合梁截面的受压区还是受拉区,其对组合梁截面的抗剪承载能力均有明显的贡献,目前规范仅计算钢梁腹板的抗剪作用偏于保守。按叠加法建立了计算组合梁抗剪承载能力的计算式,计算值与实测值吻合良好。