固体氧化物燃料电池阴极材料La_(0.8)Sr_(0.2)Cu_(1-x)Co_xO_(2.5-δ)的制备和性能研究

为探索适于中温条件下使用的固体氧化物燃料电池的阴极材料,采用柠檬酸-硝酸盐燃烧合成法制备了La0.8Sr0.2Cu1-xCoxO2.5-δ(x=0～0.4)粉体。利用X-射线衍射(XRD)技术对粉体的性能进行了表征,XRD结果表明,经800℃焙烧的粉体的对称性较高,已形成钙钛矿结构。采用直流四电极法测试La0.8Sr0.2Cu1-xCoxO2.5-δ试样的电导率,测试温度范围为100～800℃,试样的电导率ln(σT)与1/T之间呈很好的线性关系,说明La0.8Sr0.2Cu1-xCoxO2.5-δ在测试温度范围内服从小极化子导电机制。Co掺杂量对试样的电导率和电导活化能有着明显的影响,当Co掺杂量为0时,La0.8Sr0.2CuO2.5-δ的电导率最高,电导活化能最小。     

EDTA溶胶-凝胶法制备LSGM8282和LSGMF5及其性能比较

采用EDTA络合溶胶-凝胶法合成了中温固体氧化物燃料电池的电解质LSGM8282(La0.8Sr0.2Ga0.8-Mg0.2O3-δ)和LSGMF5(La0.8Sr0.2 Ga0.8Mg0.15Fe0.05O3-δ),比较了LSGM8282和LSGMF5的比表面积、交流阻抗谱、电导率、密度、XRD和FT-IR等,研究了Fe掺杂对LSGM8282性能的影响.结果表明,Fe掺杂使LSGM8282离子的电导率由3.62×10-2S/cm提高到5.21×10-2S/cm,致密度由95.13%提高到97.93%.由此可见,Fe的掺杂使LSGM8282的各种性能均得到一定提升,LSGMF5比LSGM8282更适合作中温SOFC电解质材料.     

锰氧化物La_(0.5)Sr_(0.5)MnO_3掺杂Y的改性研究

锰氧化物LaSrMnO系列材料是一类有用的自旋电子学材料。La0.5Sr0.5MnO3是一种铁磁金属性材料。利用了在La位掺杂Y的方法来改变La0.5Sr0.5MnO3的金属性而保持它的铁磁性。通过样品输运和磁化强度等的测量对La0.45Y0.05Sr0.5MnO3样品的物性进行了研究,获得了居里温度Tc=292K的亚铁磁半导体样品。     

新型氧离子导体La1.84R0.16Mo1.7W0.3O8.92（R=Ca^2＋、Sr^2＋、Ba^2＋）的制备及其电性能

以La2Mo1.7W0.3O9为本体,在La位进行碱土金属掺杂,采用溶胶-凝胶方法合成新型氧离子导体La1.84R0.16Mo1.7 W0.3O8.92(R=Ca2 、Sr2 、Ba2 ).应用示差热分析(DTA)、X射线衍射(XRD)、拉曼光谱(Raman)等手段对氧化物进行结构表征,交流阻抗谱测试电性能.结果表明:掺杂改善了本体导电性能的同时,保持了La2Mo1.7W0.3O9抑制La2Mo2O9相变的功能;碱土离子的掺杂,在体系中引入了氧空位,有利于氧离子扩散,提高氧离子导电性,773K时Ba2 掺杂体系的电导率为1.0×10-4S/cm,高于本体的电导率(5.0×10-5/cm).     

La,Nb复合掺杂Sr_2Ta_2O_7陶瓷高温介电性能研究

研究了La,Nb复合掺杂Sr2Ta2O7陶瓷的高温介电性能,A位镧掺杂提高了材料体系的电阻活化能,从而提高了高温电阻率,Sr1.98 La0.02Ta2O7在700℃电阻率为3.65×107,和Sr2Ta2O7相比(4.37×106)电阻率提高了一个数量级;Nb掺杂对Sr2Ta2O7结构影响不大,Nb取代Ta的位置后主要影响垂直于Ta-O线的O离子位移.铌掺杂有效地提高了材料体系的居里温度,从-173℃(Sr2Ta2O7)提高到-11℃(Sr1.98 La0.02Ta1.9Nb0.1O7).     

La2O3掺杂BST/Mg2TiO4微波复合陶瓷的制备和性能

用固相烧结法制备掺杂La2O3的Ba0.55Sr0.45TiO3/Mg2TiO4微波复合陶瓷,研究了掺杂对其微观结构、微波(f=10 GHz)介电性能和调谐率的影响.结果表明:当掺杂La2O3量(质量分数)为1.2%时,La3+进入BST晶格,且抑制了BST/Mg2TiO4中Ti从+4向+3价转化;La2O3的掺入比较...     

La2/3Sr1/3MnO3掺杂RE(RE=Pr、Eu、Y、Tb)的结构、红外及磁学性质

采用空气中固相反应烧结法制备了一系列钙钛矿结构的(La1-xREx)2/3Sr1/3MnO3(RE=Pr、Eu、Y、Tb;x=0、0.3或0.4)掺杂稀土锰氧化物多晶样品.X射线衍射(XRD)分析表明随着RE离子半径的减小,样品XRD的衍射峰位置普遍向高角度偏移,2θ增大0.02～0.62°.扫描电镜(SEM)观测的结果表明掺杂RE离子的半径越小,形成多晶样品的晶粒越小,未掺杂RE的La2/3Sr1/3MnO3在所有的样品中晶粒最大.红外吸收光谱测量发现样品在599～629cm-1范围出现了吸收峰并且峰的位置随掺杂RE离子半径的减小而向低频方向偏移.样品的磁性质测量表明掺杂稀土离子的半径及磁矩对材料的磁电阻有明显影响.     

CuO掺杂对钇钡铜氧陶瓷电性能的影响

采用传统固相烧结法制备的Y_1Ba_2Cu_3O_(7-x)(YBCO)陶瓷为功能相、玻璃粉为烧结助剂、CuO为掺杂剂,制备了CuO掺杂的钇钡铜氧陶瓷。通过X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜、能谱分析仪、微欧仪和高低温交变湿热试验箱对其相组成、微观结构及电性能进行研究。研究结果表明:CuO掺杂有利于减少YBCO晶体结构中存在的氧缺陷;随CuO掺杂量从0%增加到3%,陶瓷致密度逐渐增加,电阻率明显降低; CuO掺杂量大于3%后,陶瓷致密度逐渐下降,电阻率也明显升高;随CuO掺杂量增加,陶瓷的电阻温度系数逐渐由负向正偏移,电阻温度系数值逐渐减小。当CuO掺杂量为3%时,样品的综合电性能最佳:电阻率为1. 55×10~(-4)Ω·m,电阻温度系数为-1 470×10~(-6)/℃。     

Sr掺杂量对La1-xSrxMnO3-σ离子导电性能的影响

本文从La1-xSrxMnO3-σ,材料的缺陷结构出发,探讨了材料在高温条件下离子(氧离子)导电的形成机制.分析了Sr掺杂量对氧离子导电性的影响,发现当Sr掺杂量x＝O.5时,由La1-xSrxMnO3-σ材料的离子电导率达到最大,因为在这一掺杂浓度时,材料中形成了最佳的氧空(氧离子)传输通道.     

La2CuO4+δ在不同氧分压下加热过程中的脱氧-回吸与奇异ρ-T特性

研究了La2CuO4 δ在空气、氧气和极低氧压下的ρ-T特性。发现La2CuO4 δ在空气和氧气中加热过程中存在一个由电阻率温度升高而增大变为随温度升高而降低的变点，转变点的温度随氧分压的增高而降低，而随加热速度的增大而升高。在密封、极低氧压下的Po2-T和ρ-T的同步测量结果表明，La2CuO4 δ在加热过程存在一个由脱氧到回吸氧的转变点，该转变点与ρ-T曲线的转变点对应。     

(Mg1-xSrx)2Al4Si5O18陶瓷的显微结构与微波介电性能研究

采用固相烧结反应法制备(Mg1-xSrx)2Al4Si5O18陶瓷.Sr掺杂促进低温相β-Mg2Al4Si5O18向高温相α-Mg2Al4Si5O18转变,并拓宽了(Mg1-xSrx)2Al4Si5O18陶瓷的致密化烧结温度范围.X射线衍射结果表明在0≤x<0.2范围内,(Mg1-xSrx)2Al4Si5O18陶瓷以(Mg,Sr)2Al4Si5O18堇青石固溶体形式存在;在0.6相似文献   

Promoting the La solution in 2:14:1-type compound:Resultant chemical deviation and microstructural nanoheterogeneity

RE₂Fe₁₄B-based(RE,rare earth)permanent magnets containing abundant and cheap La/Ce have attracted intense attention recently.In comparison with Ce that can fully replace Nd in the 2:14:1 lattice,La substitution for Nd has long been limited at a low level.Here we present that through doping La35 Ce65 alloy with the La/Ce ratio in natural mineral,stable 2:14:1 phase can be maintained at 1273 K within the entire substitution range of[(La₃₅Ce₆₅)、(Pr₂₀Nd₈₀)_1-x]_2.14Fe₁₄B(0.6≤x≤1.0,at.%),as verified by composition analysis,microstructural characterization and magnetic measurements.Interestingly,the promoted La solution in 2:14:1 phase induces two unique findings upon coexisting La-Ce-Pr-Nd:i)Compared to Ce that fits well with the nominal concentration,La deviates noticeably from the nominal one;ii)Nanoscale spinodal-decomposition-like phase separation is observed due to different solubilities of La-Ce-Pr-Nd elements in 2:14:1 phase.Above joint effects induce higher Curie temperature than estimation based on the rule of mixture,which delights the prospect of La₃₅Ce₆₅alloy in developing low-cost permanent materials.     

La0.67Sr0.33MnO3中Bi的掺杂效应

将Bi2O3掺杂到用溶胶—凝胶法制备的La0.6Sr0．33MnO3(LSMO)微粉中,XRD测量结果证实有过量的Bi析出。随着Bi掺杂量的增加,LSMO／(Bi2O3)x/2材料电阻率发生明显变化,在x=(0—0．10)摩尔比的掺杂范围内,电阻率先上升后突然下降。当X=0．1时,电阻率比未掺杂样品下降了一个数量级。Bi掺杂对低温和室温磁电阻有着完全不同的影响。低温下,随掺杂量增加,磁电阻下降;室温下Bi的微量掺杂可以使磁电阻增大,掺入x=0.03Bi使室温磁电阻由-4.4％提高到-5．6％。     

La和Nb共掺提高BiFeO3的磁学性能

采用溶胶-凝胶法成功制备了Bi1-xLaxFe0.99Nb0.01O3(x≤0.25)纳米颗粒样品,并研究了La和Nb共掺对BiFeO3样品的晶体结构、晶粒尺寸和磁学性质的影响.根据X射线衍射及Rietveld精修结果可知,所有样品都保持R3c空间结构,且Fe-O-Fe键角随着La掺杂量的增加而减小.XPS测试结果表明,La和少量Nb共掺不会引起样品中Fe3+和Fe2+含量的明显变化.磁性测量发现剩余磁化强度强烈依赖于La掺杂量x.La掺杂影响着反向旋转的FeO5八面体结构变化,而Nb离子掺杂会导致样品晶粒细化.共掺BiFeO3的磁性增强是两种影响机制协同作用的结果.     

Structural and dielectric properties of the phase Pb1−2xKxM3+xNb2O6, M = La or Bi

The Pb_1?2xK_xM³⁺_xNb₂O₆, M = La or Bi, solid solutions have been prepared by solid state reaction and their structural and ferroelectric properties have been established. Complete crystalline solid solubility exists in both systems; in addition, three structurally related phases, namely, the ferroelectric orthorhombic and tetragonal tungsten bronze phases and the paraelectric tetragonal K.₅La.₅Nb₂O₆ type phase, have been identified at room temperature. The composition ranges for three phases are 0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.47, 0.48 ≤ x ≤ 0.85, 0.86 ≤ x ≤ 1.0, respectively. The ferroelectric phase transition temperature, T_c, decreases with increasing concentration of K⁺ and La³⁺ or Bi³⁺ in the orthorhombic tungsten bronze phase. A few compositions from each system exhibit excellent dielectric and piezoelectric characteristics, indicating that they could be future materials for piezoelectric and high frequency dielectric studies.     

Interfacial Superconductivity on the Topological Semimetal Tungsten Carbide Induced by Metal Deposition

Interfaces between materials with different electronic ground states have become powerful platforms for creating and controlling novel quantum states of matter, in which inversion symmetry breaking and other effects at the interface may introduce additional electronic states. Among the emergent phenomena, superconductivity is of particular interest. Here, by depositing metal films on a newly identified topological semimetal tungsten carbide (WC) single crystal, interfacial superconductivity is obtained, evidenced from soft point-contact spectroscopy. This very robust phenomenon is demonstrated for a wide range of metal/WC interfaces, involving both nonmagnetic and ferromagnetic films, and the superconducting transition temperatures are surprisingly insensitive to the magnetism of thin films. This method offers an opportunity to explore the long-sought topological superconductivity and has potential applications in topological-state-based spin devices.     

Crossover from spin-flop coupling to collinear spin alignment in antiferromagnetic/ferromagnetic nanostructures

The technologically important exchange coupling in antiferromagnetic/ferromagnetic bilayers is investigated for embedded nanostructures defined in a LaFeO(3)/La(0.7)Sr(0.3)MnO(3) bilayer. Exploiting the element specificity of soft X-ray spectromicroscopy, we selectively probe the magnetic order in the two layers. A transition from perpendicular to parallel spin alignment is observed for these nanostructures, dependent on size and crystalline orientation. The results show that shape-induced anisotropy in the antiferromagnet can override the interface exchange coupling in spin-flop coupled nanostructures.     

Magnetic and Transport Properties of Single Crystalline K 0.8Fe 2 − x Ir x Se2

A series of K_0.8Fe_2?xIr _x Se₂ single-crystal compounds with nominal compositions x = 0, 0.01, 0.03, 0.05, 0.07, and 0.1 were successfully synthesized using self-flux method. It is found that the Ir doping in the present system will induce a suppression of the c-axis lattice constants. However, the zero-resistance temperatures, \(\mathrm {T}_{\mathrm {c}}^{\text {zero}}\) , are nearly maintained around 32 K for the samples with x ≤ 0.05, and it drops to 29 K for the one with x = 0.07. The superconductivity vanishes when the doping level reaches to 0.1. The hump in resistivity which corresponds to the transition from the insulating to metallic phase shifts towards low temperatures. However, the magnitude of the normal-state resistivity above 100 K for Ir-doped samples with x ≤ 0.05 is smaller than the one of the undoped sample, indicating the doping at Fe vacancy site. An onset transition temperature of 44 K has been observed in the ρ-T curve for K_0.8Fe_1.95Ir_0.05Se_2.     

La0.67Sr0.33MnO3中Ag-Ti的掺杂效应

将La0.67Sr0.33MnO3（LSMO）、Ag2O及TiO2粉混合经高温烧结后制备了钙钛矿相/xAg两相复合体系（x是Ag与钙钛矿材料的物质的量比）,系统地研究了Ag-Ti的共掺杂对LSMO电性和磁电阻效应的影响.0.07摩尔比Ti4＋离子的B位掺杂使LSMO的居里温度降至室温.Ag的掺入对Tc影响不大,Tp逐渐升高.由于钙钛矿颗粒属性的改善和金属导电通道的出现,材料的电阻率明显下降.Ag掺杂使室温磁电阻得到显著增强,室温下从x=0.30样品中得到最大的磁电阻,约为32%,是La0.67Sr0.33MnO3样品的8倍,La0.67Sr0.33Mn0.93Ti0.07O3样品的1.6倍.     

Sr~(2+)掺杂及非化学计量LaFeO_3的溶剂热制备及光催化性能

利用简单的溶剂热法制备LaFeO_3、La_(0.8)Sr_(0.2)FeO_(3-δ)以及非化学计量的La_(0.8)Sr_(0.2)FeO_(3-δ)(x=0.97,1.03)纳米颗粒。采用XRD、TEM、UV-Vis、XPS等手段对样品的形貌和结构进行表征,以孔雀石绿(MG)光降解为模型反应,在最大吸收波长下(616.9nm)考察材料的光催化性能。结果表明:Sr~(2+)的掺入减小了晶粒尺寸,致使晶体产生晶格畸变并形成氧空位V··O,抑制电子-空穴重组,增大量子效率;掺入Sr~(2+)并改变非化学计量,使得催化剂在可见光区域有较强的光吸收,比表面积增大,其中(La_(0.8)Sr_(0.2))1.03FeO_(3-δ)的比表面积最大(20.164 4m2/g),可见光降解效率也最高(83.8%)。Sr~(2+)掺杂及非化学计量LaFeO_3的可见光催化活性均高于纯LaFeO_3。