4-(9-蒽基)-6-十六烷氧基-2-氨基-1,3,5-三嗪的合成及光谱行为的研究

从三氯均三嗪出发通过三步反应合成了4-(9-蒽基)-6-十六烷氧基-2-氨基-1,3,5-三嗪(AHTA),并通过红外、核磁、质谱、高分辨质谱对目标产物进行了表征.研究表明AHTA分子在基态下分子的蒽环与三嗪环不共平面,激发态下表现为ICT的荧光发射.由于分子间氢键作用的存在,AHTA在自组装膜和LB膜中均形成H-聚集体.     

噁二唑缓蚀膜的制备及抗腐蚀性能研究

以二芳基酰肼为原料合成2,5-二苯基-1,3,4-噁二唑(PPD),在碳钢表面制备噁二唑自组装分子膜。采用表面分析技术、电化学测试等方法对PPD分子膜的制备条件及在3.5% NaCl溶液中的缓蚀性能进行了分析,通过量化计算对缓蚀机理进行了进一步的探讨。结果表明,PPD自组装膜的最佳组装条件为4 mmol•L-1组装液中组装12h,缓蚀效率达91.95%,XPS测试结果表明PPD分子在钢表面形成自组装膜,量化计算得到了缓蚀剂分子的活性位点。     

11-苄硫醇十一酸-N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺酯的制备

硫醇类化合物通过Au-S可以共价结合于金表面,形成高度有序的自组装膜,因而硫醇及其衍生物的合成引起了人们的广泛兴趣,而本文主要是通过活化酯法合成含不同链长的巯基生物素衍生物的中间体——11-苄硫醇十一酸-N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺酯,并用1HNMR对产物的分子结构进行了表征。     

苝四羟酸自组装单分子膜的制备及其光电转移性质的研究

通过共价链连接的方式在亲水性基底上制备了刚性功能分子3，4，9，10-苝四羧酸的自组装单分子膜，利用接解角、紫外-可见光谱、电化学循环伏安等方法对所制备的苝四羟酸自组装膜进行了表征，并初步研究了该自组装膜在ITO电极表面光电转换性质。     

低聚肽对PVA/PEG复合薄膜相容性的影响

以α-氨基酸为起始材料合成了低聚肽(TEA),通过溶液共混法将其引入聚乙二醇与PVA的复合体系中,使用不同分子量的PEG,制备了一系列PEG/TEA/PVA共混膜。试验了不同分子量PEG与TEA和PVA的相互作用,并分析了TEA对PEG/PVA复合体系相容性的影响。结果表明,TEA改变了PEG与PVA的相互作用模式,当PEG分子量较低时,PEG优先与TEA通过分子间作用力形成自组装微区,均匀分布于PVA连续相中,随着PEG的分子量增大,自组装微区的体积逐渐增大,PEG与TEA的相互作用随着距离的增加而减弱。当PEG分子量达到4 000时,PEG与PVA的链段缠结作用远大于TEA与PEG的相互作用,TEA分子分散在PEG/PVA体系中,在分子间的芳基堆砌作用驱动下,TEA自组装成纤丝。     

噁二唑缓蚀膜的制备及抗腐蚀性能

以二芳基酰肼为原料,合成2,5-二苯基-1,3,4-噁二唑(PPD),在碳钢表面制备噁二唑自组装分子膜。采用电化学测试、表面分析等方法对PPD分子膜的制备条件及其在质量分数3.5%NaCl溶液中的缓蚀性能进行了分析,通过量化计算对缓蚀机理进行了进一步探讨。结果表明,PPD自组装膜的最佳组装条件是:在4 mmol/L PPD组装液中组装12 h,缓蚀效率达91.95%。XPS测试结果表明,PPD分子在钢表面形成了自组装膜。量化计算得到了缓蚀剂分子的活性位点,PPD的N原子同时具有较大的Fukui(-)(0.076)和Fukui(+)(0.058)数值,说明它们既可以提供电子形成配位键,也可以接受电子形成反馈键。     

溶胶-凝胶过程中有机硅氧烷的自组装行为研究进展

在有机硅氧烷的溶胶-凝胶过程中,常常形成超分子自组装结构,这种自组装行为对前体水解/缩合反应过程具有非常重要的影响。本文从有机硅氧烷分子自身结构影响和外源分子的诱导作用两个方面出发,综述了近年来有关溶胶-凝胶过程中有机硅氧烷自组装行为研究方面的特色工作。分析了该领域未来发展的主要方向,指出设计合成含有独特官能团的有机硅氧烷为前体,引入外源分子,基于外源分子与前体分子之间的相互作用构筑有机硅氧烷超分子体系,利用水解/缩合过程与自组装体系之间的协同作用制备具有长程有序的硅基复合材料,将是该领域未来研究的重点。     

生物素-亲和素-DNA纳米颗粒信号放大检测载体的构建

目的构建用于检测细菌、病毒等病原体DNA的生物素-亲和素纳米颗粒信号放大载体。方法设计并合成两端和一端标记生物素的寡核苷酸探针(2B/1B-DNA),与抗生蛋白链菌素葡聚糖(Poly-STV)通过生物素与亲和素作用,偶联形成大分子纳米网状颗粒,并筛选最佳探针类型及其长度、2B-DNA和Poly-STV的浓度及比例和反应条件。结果2B-DNA和Poly-STV形成纳米颗粒信号放大载体的最佳浓度分别为1μmol/L和5μmol/L,最佳浓度比为1∶5,2B-DNA长度为60bp,缓冲液为Buffer B,反应条件为55℃,800r/min,20min。结论已成功构建了生物素-亲和素大分子纳米颗粒,可作为DNA检测信号放大技术的备选载体。     

银表面分子自组装膜的防腐性能

用3-巯基丙基三甲氧基硅烷（MPS）在银电极表面制备了自组装单分子膜,研究了该组装膜在0.1mol•L^-1NaOH溶液中对银的防护作用.通过极化曲线、接触角及俄歇电子能谱等方法对组装膜的极化电阻、腐蚀电流及表面状况进行了研究表征,得到了最佳MPS组装液浓度为0.1mmol•L^-1和最佳组装时间为6h下的腐蚀电位、腐蚀电流密度、极化电阻和缓蚀率等结果.     

1,3,4-噻二唑类液晶化合物的研究进展

综述了近年来1,3,4-噻二唑类液晶化合物的研究进展,该类化合物形成棒状液晶、楔形液晶、弓形液晶、Polycatenar液晶、盘状液晶的分子结构及其自组装形成的液晶相结构。介绍了分子中末端基团、烷基链数目、刚性核长度等结构常数对液晶自组装结构的的影响。与含氧的杂环类似物1,3,4-噁二唑液晶化合物相比,1,3,4-噻二唑类液晶化合物的液晶性、光电性等更加优越。液晶方面类比表明,它具有更好的液晶性质。     

Multivalent Protein Assembly Using Monovalent Self-Assembling Building Blocks

Discotic molecules, which self-assemble in water into columnar supramolecular polymers, emerged as an alternative platform for the organization of proteins. Here, a monovalent discotic decorated with one single biotin was synthesized to study the self-assembling multivalency of this system in regard to streptavidin. Next to tetravalent streptavidin, monovalent streptavidin was used to study the protein assembly along the supramolecular polymer in detail without the interference of cross-linking. Upon self-assembly of the monovalent biotinylated discotics, multivalent proteins can be assembled along the supramolecular polymer. The concentration of discotics, which influences the length of the final polymers at the same time dictates the amount of assembled proteins.     

Synthesis and characterization of biotin chain-end functionalized boronic acid-containing polymer (boropolymer) as functional glyco-affinity macroligand

A biotin chain-end functionalized boronic acid-containing polymer (biotin boropolymer) as an oriented glyco-affinity macroligand for efficient carbohydrate and glycoconjugate purification and identification application was described. Briefly, the biotin boropolymer was synthesized via a biotin derivated arylamine initiated cyanoxyl-mediated free-radical polymerization in one-pot fashion. The specific streptavidin binding capacity of biotin boropolymer was confirmed by streptavidin–HABA assay, while the specific carbohydrate binding capacity of biotin boropolymer was evaluated by Alizarin Red S binding assay. Efficient glyco-capturing followed by direct MALDI mass spectrometry identification of the captured carbohydrate was demonstrated by using magnetic bead functionalized with the biotin boropolymer via streptavidin/biotin interaction.     

Phosphonate‐containing bismaleimide resins. II. Preparation and characteristics of reactive blends of phosphonate‐containing bismaleimide and epoxy

Two kinds of phosphonate‐containing bismaleimide (BMI) monomers, phenyl‐(4,4′‐bismaleimidophenyl) phosphonate and ethyl‐(4,4′‐bismaleimido‐phenyl) phosphonate, were synthesized and added through blending to two epoxy systems for the study of their applications as reactive flame retardants. The thermal behaviors of the BMI monomers in both kinds of epoxy systems, bisphenol and phenol–novolac, were similar. An increase in the BMI contents increased the storage modulus and glass‐transition temperature but slightly reduced the mechanical strength of the epoxy blends. The pyrolysis models of both BMI blends in the two epoxy systems were quite alike. Although the initial pyrolysis temperatures of all the blending systems gradually decreased as the phosphorous content increased, the flame retardancy of all the phosphonate‐containing epoxy systems was promoted significantly by increasing contents of BMI. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 92: 2375–2386, 2004     

Versatile 3′ Functionalization of CRISPR Single Guide RNA

Specific applications of CRISPR/Cas genome editing systems benefit from chemical modifications of the sgRNA. Herein we describe a versatile and efficient strategy for functionalization of the 3′-end of a sgRNA. An exemplary collection of six chemically modified sgRNAs was prepared containing crosslinkers, a fluorophore and biotin. Modification of the sgRNA 3′-end was broadly tolerated by Streptococcus pyogenes Cas9 in an in vitro DNA cleavage assay. The 3′-biotinylated sgRNA was used as an affinity reagent to identify IGF2BP1, YB1 and hnRNP K as sgRNA-binding proteins present in HEK293T cells. Overall, the modification strategy presented here has the potential to expand on current applications of CRISPR/Cas systems.     

不同分级结构ZnO的制备及催化分解AP性能研究

采用水热法,在乙酸锌、氢氧化钠体系中,通过调节氢氧化钠的用量成功合成了片状和棒状为组装单元的分级结构ZnO。利用XRD,SEM对样品进行了表征,用热分析法考察了两种分级结构的ZnO对高氯酸铵(AP)分解的催化作用。结果表明:两种分级结构的ZnO均可强烈催化AP的热分解,而片状结构为组装单元的分级结构ZnO的催化性能更高。与纯高氯酸铵相比,加入片状分级结构的ZnO后AP的分解温度降低了181℃,且低温分解峰消失。     

A Fluorescent “Allosteric Scorpionand” Complex Visualizes a Biological Recognition Event

We describe a new class of fluorescent reporter and its employment to visualize the biotin/avidin binding interaction. Derivatives of the azamacrocycle cyclam that contain a pendant naphthalimide dye are inherently fluorescent when zinc(II) is coordinated. Introducing a second pendant group—biotin—affords an unsymmetrical bis‐triazole‐scorpionand ligand that interacts specifically with avidin. This ligand has been assembled by using a one‐pot “double‐click” strategy and complexed with copper(II) and zinc(II). The zinc(II) complex is fluorescent, and its fluorescence output changes in the presence of avidin. Upon avidin binding, the fluorescence output is diminished by interaction with the protein, at [complex]/[avidin] ratios of up to 4:1. The observed change might arise from a specific quenching effect in the biotin binding pocket or from a binding‐induced change in the coordination geometry of the complex.     

三甲基戊二醇的合成及应用研究

采用异丁醛缩合、交叉Cannizzaro反应制备了三甲基戊二醇（TMPD）,并利用TMPD合成两种具有重要用途的新型香精青叶恶烷和环状碳酸酯IDDO。 简要介绍子这两种合成香精在食品工业中的应用。     

ZnO Nanofiber Field-Effect Transistor Assembled by Electrospinning

A ZnO nanofiber field-effect transistor (FET) was assembled by electrospinning. Uniform ZnO nanofibers with a diameter of ∼70 nm and length over 100 μm were first synthesized by electrospinning. Using two paralleled electrodes as fiber collectors, we have successfully placed a single ZnO nanofiber on the electrodes, and an FET device was fabricated based on the assembled nanofiber. An electrical transport measurement was conducted on the FET device, showing that ZnO nanofibers are intrinsic n- type semiconductors. The present findings demonstrate that electrospinning can potentially be used as a straightforward and cost-effective means for the assembly of one-dimensional nanostuctures for building integrated nanodevices for various applications, such as transistors, sensors, diodes, and photodetectors.     

Three-dimensional graphene architectures

Graphene has been widely explored for applications in electronics, sensors, actuators, catalysis and bio- or energy related systems. For these purposes, graphene materials usually have to be fabricated or assembled into desired micro-/nano-architectures for tuning and/or controlling their electrical, optical, mechanical, chemical or electrochemical properties. In this feature article, we review recent achievements in the studies of three-dimensional (3D) graphene architectures. The methodology for preparing these 3D graphene micro-/nano-architectures and their potential applications have been summarized.     

卤离子调控的镍钴基电极材料生长及电容影响研究

超级电容器是很有发展潜力的电化学储能器件,其性能主要取决于电极材料。利用水热法,通过改变加入的卤离子（F^-、Cl^-、Br^-）种类,可以简便地对镍钴（NiCo）基超级电容器电极材料的形貌、物相以及化学组成进行调控。由X射线衍射（XRD）和扫描电镜（SEM）等表征结果可知,F^- 诱导生成纳米片支撑纳米线阵列,成分为稳定的NiCo LDH结构;Cl^-/Br^- 诱导生成纳米线,成分为碱式碳酸钴。从电化学测试结果可知,形貌和晶型对电化学性能有显著的影响。其中Cl^- 调控的电极在120 ℃下反应3 h时,其形貌为纳米线,晶型偏向无定形,此时性能最优;在2 mA/cm²电流密度下不仅具有最大的面积比电容2 940 mF/cm²,且该电极与负极活性炭组装的器件具有1.8 V的大电压窗口和优异的循环稳定性。