Origins,Management, and Measurement of Stress on the Coast of Southern Spain

A series of boater compliance studies was performed between 1995 and 1998 in order to assess the effectiveness of existing speed zones designed to protect manatees in two Florida counties (Sarasota County and Lee County). Surveys involved teams of boat- or land-based observers positioned along speed-restricted waterways. Vessel characteristics were recorded along with observed speed. Multiple survey sites were sampled within each county. A total of 26,000 vessels was observed and evaluated. Overall boater compliance was 63% in Sarasota County and 58% in Lee County. Compliance varied significantly with vessel type and size. Differences in compliance among survey sites were also significant and were related to travel patterns, traffic volume, vessel composition, sign placement, level of speed restriction, and law enforcement presence. From a management perspective, it is recommended that speed zones for the protection of manatees be evaluated on a site-by-site basis to identify specific areas of concern.     

基于遗传算法的带有调纵倾尾板及拦截器的滑行艇水动力性能评估及优化（英文）

Nowadays, several stern devices are attracting a great deal of attention. The control surface is an effective apparatus for improving the hydrodynamic performance of planing hulls and is considered an important element in the design of planing hulls. Control surfaces produce forces and a pitching moment due to the pressure distribution that they cause, which can be used to change the running state of high-speed marine boats. This work elaborates a new study to evaluate the hydrodynamic performance of a planing boat with a trim tab and an interceptor, and optimizes them by using an optimization algorithm. The trim tab and the interceptor have been used to optimize the running trim and motion control of semi-planing and planing boats at various speeds and sea conditions for many years. In this paper, the usage of trim tab is mathematically verified and experimental equations are utilized to optimize the performance of a planing boat at a specificd trim angle by using an optimization algorithm. The genetic algorithm(GA) is one of the most useful optimizing methods and is used in this study. The planing boat equations were programmed according to Savitsky's equations and then analyzed in the framework of the GA-based optimization for performance improvement of theplaning hull. The optimal design of trim tab and interceptor for planing boat can be considered a multiobjective problem. The input data of GA include different parameters, such as speed, longitudinal center of gravity, and deadrise angle. We can extract the best range of forecasting the planing boat longitudinal center of gravity, the angle of the trim, and the least drag force at the best trim angle of the boat.     

Antecedents of safety-compliant behaviour on offshore service vessels: a multi-factorial approach

Procedure violations are commonly identified as an essential causal factor in maritime accidents. This also applies to the Norwegian offshore service vessel sector. This illustrates that there is a need to study compliance and non-compliance in a broad context and to explore the factors that affect the propensity to act in accordance with prevailing procedures. The aim of the present study was therefore to examine the antecedents of safety-compliant behaviour among workers on offshore service vessels operating on the Norwegian Continental Shelf. With reference to a survey of 1108 offshore service vessel workers, this was done by analysing the relationship between a set of predictor variables and a self-report measure of safety-compliant behaviour. Using binary logistic regression analysis, the present study revealed that the safety climate and the vessel workers’ age were positively related to safety compliance, whereas job experience and perceived procedure vagueness were negatively related to safety compliance. Theoretical and managerial implications are discussed. In sum, the findings indicate that shipowners, captains and other stakeholders within the offshore service vessel industry should consider a broad multi-factorial approach to increase safety compliance.     

首艘尖头蜗尾船型的研究

本文阐述了监督73~*艇的船型研究要点,文中给出了该艇船模快速性、操纵性试验主要结果以及实船试航结果。     

The Effects of Boating Safety Regulations

This article investigates the effects of boater education programs and an increase in the number of water patrol officers on the prevention of recreational boating accidents. The empirical study, which estimates a reduced-form model similar to those used in the automobile safety literature, analyzes data on boating accidents that occurred in 1994 from 49 states and the District of Columbia. Model simulations, based on empirical estimates from Poisson and negative binomial models, suggest that a uniform law-enforcement policy of one-and-a-half water patrol officers per 1,000 boaters would prevent between 2,229 (negative binomial) and 2,318 (Poisson) accidents in 44 states.     

Developing a Spatially Enabled Inventory of Recreational Boats Using Vessel Registration Data

Effective waterway management requires information on the characteristics and locations of boats. A field-based boat census—a traditional method to obtain spatially accurate information—is relatively expensive, time-consuming, and restrictive in scope. Vessel registration data, maintained by all U.S. states, is potentially a more robust information source. This research evaluated the accuracy and reliability of vessel registration data to supply location and attribute information for boats. The study premise was to use vessel registration data, which includes the mailing address of registered boat owners, to develop a spatially enabled inventory of boats. The study area comprised 12,064 salt-water accessible property parcels in two Florida counties. An on-water census (OWC) provided location and characteristics for 5,023 vessels, which were compared to 8,681 vessel registration records linked to the study area. Discrepancies between the OWC and vessel registration data were explained by a stratified, random sample of 485 telephone survey respondents. Study results show that vessel registration data accurately located and characterized roughly 81% of the boat population; in contrast, the OWC accurately located less than 56%. A conclusion is that state vessel registration data is a better alternative than an OWC for locating and characterizing boats kept along waterways.     

2354kW全回转拖轮设计研究

介绍了拖轮的设计要求,主要尺寸和有关设计参数,同时也介绍了船体线型的设计过程、船模试验内容、船型与船体结构的总布置,最后给出了实船的试验结果,拖力及船速均超过了要求的指标．该船的设计和建造是成功的．     

休闲渔船的技术指标研究

休闲渔船是新生事物,目前没有统一的法律及专业性规范加以约束管理。对休闲渔船的定义、现状、功能及主尺度进行了介绍与讨论,对其技术指标进行深入研究,供休闲渔船的设计、建造、管理者参考。     

扰流板对高速巡逻艇回转性能的影响

采用CFD数值模拟的方法,以某20 m级公安巡逻艇为研究对象,对扰流板安装前后该巡逻艇回转运动过程中的流场及水动力特性进行深入研究,分析扰流板对巡逻艇回转性能的影响情况。结果显示,该巡逻艇在安装扰流板后产生了额外的转船力矩和抬升力矩,该水动力特性使得该艇的回转性能得到提升,回转直径减小了11.64%,回转横倾角减小了13.20%。该研究成果为扰流板的推广及使用奠定了技术基础。     

Status and Priority Capacity Needs for Local Compliance and Community-Supported Enforcement of Marine Resource Rules and Regulations in the Coral Triangle Region

Combating illegal and destructive resource exploitation in the Coral Triangle is central to ensuring the long-term effective management of fisheries, marine protected areas, and climate change adaptation efforts. This article presents results of an investigation of the perceived level of local compliance and enforcement with marine resource rules and regulations and evaluates the effectiveness or potential for community-supported enforcement efforts in the Coral Triangle region. The findings are consistent with those of the literature on compliance and enforcement that any compliance and enforcement system must not only use deterrence, but also be perceived by fishers as being legitimate, fair, accountable and equitable and the need for developing a personal morality and a social environment that supports compliance. There is an opportunity to strategically build on shared value and cultural norms that can promote collaborative fisheries management as a mechanism to increase compliance through non-coercive efforts. Strengthening the long-term capacity for consistent delivery of local support to marine management and enforcement will increase local compliance rates through time.     

美国海岸警卫队小艇装备体系研究

小艇装备作为美国海岸警卫队的中坚力量发挥着重要作用。本文重点介绍美国海岸警卫队小艇装备的分类,分析标准艇和非标准艇的定义、技术特征和典型装备型号;围绕任务属性概述小艇装备的重要作用,归纳美国海岸警卫队小艇装备的特点。     

Application of embedded fibre Bragg grating sensors for structural health monitoring of complex composite structures for marine applications

Fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) materials are recently widely applied in the marine industry. The high popularity of composites and safety requirements results in the development of Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) systems. One of the sensors types that can be permanently integrated with a composite structure and used as a part of SHM system are fibre Bragg grating (FBG) sensors. Among FBG sensors advantages small size, high corrosion resistance, and absence of electric current are especially important in monitoring of composite marine structures.The paper presents an application of embedded FBG sensors arrays for evaluation of complex composite structure — a fast patrol boat. The experimental investigations contain spectra analyses for thin laminate sample (skin), a composite sandwich panel and fast patrol boat hull (sandwich structure). The quality of sensors spectra (before/after embedding and loading) was determined using the Pearson correlation coefficient. The relationship between strain and temperature in exploitation range was determined for laminate and sandwich structures. A linear relationship was achieved for both elements. The relationship for the sandwich panel was then applied during strain analyses of the boat composite hull. The utility of designed FBG sensors array for the panel was also verified by sensors responses on impact excitation in chosen points on the structure. The achieved results were then used during designing FBG sensors array embedded into the hull. FBG sensors spectra deformations due to fast patrol boat hull manufacturing process and exploitation as well as strain curves determined for the boat during tests at dry dock and at sea trials are analysed.     

Dynamic Analysis of High-Speed Boat Motion Simulator by a Novel 3-DoF Parallel Mechanism with Prismatic Actuators Based on Seakeeping Trial

In this study, we focused on a novel parallel mechanism for utilizing the motion simulator of a high-speed boat (HSB). First, we expressed the real behavior of the HSB based on a seakeeping trial. For this purpose, we recorded the motion parameters of the HSB by gyroscope and accelerometer sensors, while using a special data acquisition technique. Additionally, a Chebychev high-pass filter was applied as a noise filter to the accelerometer sensor. Then, a novel 3 degrees of freedom (DoF) parallel mechanism (1T2R) with prismatic actuators is proposed and analyses were performed on its inverse kinematics, velocity, and acceleration. Finally, the inverse dynamic analysis is presented by the principle of virtual work, and the validation of the analytical equations was compared by the ADAMS simulation software package. Additionally, according to the recorded experimental data of the HSB, the feasibility of the proposed novel parallel mechanism motion simulator of the HSB, as well as the necessity of using of the washout filters, was explored.     

船艇波浪中自航试验研究

对一艘船艇作了波浪中自航试验研究，得到了规则波中自航因子变化曲线，用直接功率法作了失速预报，并用谱分析法预报了该艇的纵摇、升沉及螺旋桨出水概率。本文的重要结论：船艇在波浪中的自航因子在简化处理时，可以认为相当于静水中的自航因子。     

基于耐波性试验采用棱镜致动器的新型三自由度并行机构开发的高速船运动模拟器的动力分析（英文）

In this study, we focused on a novel parallel mechanism for utilizing the motion simulator of a high-speed boat(HSB). First, we expressed the real behavior of the HSB based on a seakeeping trial. For this purpose, we recorded the motion parameters of the HSB by gyroscope and accelerometer sensors, while using a special data acquisition technique. Additionally, a Chebychev highpass filter was applied as a noise filter to the accelerometer sensor. Then, a novel 3 degrees of freedom(DoF) parallel mechanism(1T2R) with prismatic actuators is proposed and analyses were performed on its inverse kinematics, velocity, and acceleration.Finally, the inverse dynamic analysis is presented by the principle of virtual work, and the validation of the analytical equations was compared by the ADAMS simulation software package. Additionally, according to the recorded experimental data of the HSB, the feasibility of the proposed novel parallel mechanism motion simulator of the HSB, as well as the necessity of using of the washout filters, was explored.     

基于有限元法的渔船碰撞仿真

以一起3万吨商船碰撞渔船为例,在充分考虑几何非线性、材料非线性和接触非线性的基础上,对商船满载和压载两种工况下与渔船的碰撞进行了仿真研究,分析了不同速度工况下渔船的损毁情况、应力情况和总能量吸收规律等。结果表明:碰撞主要破坏渔船的局部结构,且发生时间很短;商船速度越快,渔船损毁越严重;渔船破损处的形状与商船的形状非常相似,结合商船航行记录及仿真结果有助于判断商船是否为肇事船舶。     

滑行艇波浪中运动性能试验研究

为了探究自主开发的滑行艇耐波性能,在拖曳水池中进行该滑行艇模型不同航速下的静水阻力试验、不同航速下变波长顶浪规则波试验与对应不同海况的不规则波试验,试验过程中记录阻力值和纵向运动响应值。对试验结果处理分析后发现:在排水体积傅氏数Fr=3.713时,滑行艇在5倍于船长的波长附近具有强烈的运动响应,出现了抨击和出水现象;与传统深V滑行艇相比,短波中该滑行艇具有更小的运动响应,滑行艇阻力增值较深V滑行艇有所减小;垂荡响应与航速与波高具有较好的线性关系,纵摇响应航速与波高具有弱非线性。     

Database of sail shapes versus sail performance and validation of numerical calculations for the upwind condition

A database of full-scale three-dimensional sail shapes is presented with the aerodynamic coefficients for the upwind condition of International Measurement System (IMS) type sails. Three-dimensional shape data are used for the input of numerical calculations and the results are compared with the measured sail performance. The sail shapes and performance were measured using sail dynamometer boat Fujin. This is a boat of 10.3-m length overall in which load cells and CCD cameras were installed to simultaneously measure the sail forces and shapes. At the same time, the sailing conditions of the boat, e.g., boat speed, heel angle, wind speed, and wind angle, were measured. The sail configurations tested were: mainsail with 130% jib, mainsail with 75% jib, and mainsail alone. Sail shapes were measured at several vertical positions for the shape parameters defined by: chord length, maximum draft, maximum draft position, entry angle at the luff, and exit angle at the leech, all of which finally yield three-dimensional coordinates of the sail geometry. The tabulated shape data, along with aerodynamic coefficients, are presented in this article. In addition, numerical flow simulations were performed for the measured sail shapes and the sailing conditions to investigate the capability and limitations of the methods through detailed comparison with the measurements. Two numerical methods were used: a vortex lattice method (VLM) and a Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS)-based computational fluid dynamics method. The sail shape database, in association with the numerical results, provides a good benchmark for the sail performance analysis of the upwind condition of IMS type sails.     

海上快速救生船船型试验研究

建造具有良好阻力性能及耐波性能的海上快速救生船是当务之急。作者通过试验,重点研究了两种新船型的技术关键问题。半潜体船型:变化了半潜体大小,纵向位置及浸深,试验表明它在一定速度范围内既能减阻,又能较大幅度改善纵向运动性能。小水线面船型:采用理论方法计算了它的纵向运动稳定性,并设计了3组鳍。试验测定了船模的运动纵倾力矩,为实船控制提供了依据。     

低阻通风船体的远程控制测试平台开发（英文）

This paper addresses the development and testing of a remotely controlled boat platform with an innovative air-ventilated hull. The application of air cavities on the underside of ship hulls is a promising means for reducing hydrodynamic drag and pollutant emissions and increasing marine transportation efficiency. Despite this concept’s potential, design optimization and high-performance operation of novel air-cavity ships remain a challenging problem. Hull construction and sensor instrumentation of the model-scale air-cavity boat is described in the paper. The modular structure of the hull allows for easy modifications, and an electric propulsion unit enables self-propelled operation. The boat is controlled remotely via a radio transmission system. Results of initial tests are reported, including thrust, speed, and airflow rate in several loading conditions. The constructed platform can be used for optimizing air-cavity systems and testing other innovative hull designs. This system can be also developed into a high-performance unmanned boat.