中药中有机酸的离子色谱分析(Ⅰ)——麻黄中微量苹果酸、草酸的测定

离子色谱法是分析有机酸的一种极为有效的方法。人们在寻找新药的过程中,已在有机羧酸化合物中发现了许多新苗头。目前国内外关于中药中有机酸的离子色谱分析方面的报道极少,用离子色谱法测定麻黄中的苹果酸和草酸也未见报道,本文提出在HPIC-AS3阴离子分离柱上用NaCO,/NaOH作流动相,分离麻黄样品溶液中的苹果酸和草酸的色谱条件,建立了一个简便、快速、准确的分析中药中苹果酸和草酸的离子色谱方法。为医学界研究中药中有机酸的含量提供了一种快速的分     

离子色谱-脉冲安培检测法测定饮品中单糖及蔗糖

离子色谱(IC)是一种新型的高效液相色谱(HPLC)技术,它具有灵敏度高、选择性好、样品用量少和易实现自动化等优点.糖类又称碳水化合物,在植物中分布很广,有关饮料中糖含量测定的文献较多,但用离子色谱法测定的文献相对较少,且多是限于对饮料中某一种糖的测定.本文采用离子色谱法同时对牛奶、果饮、咖啡等几种饮品中的几种单糖及蔗糖进行分析,可以为对糖类含量有不同需求的消费人群提供参考.     

离子排斥色谱法测定十二种有机酸的研究

研究离子排斥色谱法分离/测定有机酸。选用盐酸作淋洗液,以四丁基氢氧化铵为再生液,考察了淋洗液浓度,流量等因素对分离和测定的影响。对十二种有机酸在阴离子排斥色谱柱睥保留待业进行了系统研究,找出了柱分离有机酸的规律。在最佳色谱条件下,测定了白葡萄酒中的有机酸。     

离子色谱在中草药成分分析中的应用

离子色谱是用于分离分析不同基质样品中离子性物质的一种新型高效液相色谱技术。自1975年发展至今,已被广泛应用于环境、能源、食品、医药等多个领域,具有操作简单、分析快速、灵敏度和选择性高,且能同时分离测定多种组分等优点。近年来,随着离子色谱技术自身迭代发展,可测定分析的样品种类已包括离子、糖类、氨基酸、有机酸(碱)等,同时离子色谱法也越来越成为针对中草药复杂组分中单个有效成分分析与鉴定的重要手段。本文介绍了离子色谱技术的不同类型、原理及研究进展,整理了近几十年离子色谱在中草药糖苷类、氨基酸、蛋白质、无机盐以及有机酸、生物碱类和黄酮类等复杂成分中的应用情况;检索文献发现,离子交换色谱、电导检测法为离子色谱中最常用的技术类型和检测方式,且目前离子色谱在生物碱类成分分析中的应用展现出较传统分析方法更好的优势,但在无机阴离子的形态分析和黄酮类、苯丙素类、甾体类等主要活性物质中的直接应用研究报道较少。最后,综述了离子色谱(联用)新技术及其在中草药中的最新进展,并对该色谱方法未来在复杂组分分离分析方面的应用进行了探讨和展望,为离子色谱技术分析中草药复杂化学成分的进一步发展提供理论参考。     

离子抑制色谱法化学镀液中4种有机酸的含量及形态分析

离子抑制色谱法化学镀液中4种有机酸的含量及形态分析;离子抑制色谱;化学镀液;有机酸;形态分析     

固相萃取-离子色谱法测定中药萝芙木中常见有机酸和阴离子

采用固相萃取-电导抑制离子色谱法测定了萝芙木中常见有机酸和无机阴离子。以Ionpac AS11为分离柱,Ionpac AG11为保护柱,萝芙木样品过IC SPE-C18前处理柱去除杂质和有机物,在确定的色谱条件下,柱温30℃,淋洗液为7.5 mmol/L Na OH溶液,流速为0.7 m L/min,电导检测器-离子色谱法直接测定样品,方法的相关系数在0.9987~0.9999之间,样品回收率在83.0%~100.8%之间,RSD5%。方法适用于中草药中常见有机酸和无机阴离子含量的测定。     

离子排斥色谱法检测污泥中的挥发性脂肪酸(VFA)

挥发性有机酸(VFA)是污水处理厂污泥消化过程中的主要产物。传统的方法只能测定样品中VFA的总含量而不能测出单种酸(如乙酸)的含量。本方法将离子色谱技术应用于污泥中VFA组分的分别测定中,通过实际的样品测定和加标回收率、精密度、CV和等一系列质控检验和污水中的高浓度干扰阴离子的干扰性影响检验证明,离子色谱技术能够很好地应用于测定污泥消化过程中的VFA成分测定,能够为工艺运行提供更好的指示性参数。     

高效液相色谱法测定生物除臭剂中4种有机酸

生物除臭剂常用于降解垃圾、养殖场等臭源中的有机物质.该制剂是由沙果、树叶、粮草等发酵制得,pH在2.5～3.2之间,其除臭机理是由于含有柠檬酸、乳酸等,其中的活性基团羧基可吸收氨及有机胺等臭气.生物除臭剂酿造过程中各有机酸及其存在形态是评价发酵工艺的重要指标.因此,测定生物除臭剂中有机酸的含量对于评价该产品的质量以及完善该产品的工艺有重要意义.用于有机酸分析的方法很多,滴定法常用于总酸的测定[1];薄层色谱法[2]只能半定量和定性;气相色谱法需要衍生处理,准确度较低,难以用于热稳定性差和含量极低的水溶液中有机酸的分析[3];酶法[4]每次只能测定一种有机酸;离子色谱法对样品处理要求苛刻.本试验采用高效液相色谱法测定生物除臭剂中4种有机酸.     

测定啤酒和白葡萄酒中有机酸的离子排斥色谱法

研究了离子排斥色谱法分离测定啤酒和白葡萄酒中有机酸；选用常见的盐酸溶液作淋洗液，以四丁基氢氧化铵为再生液，考察了淋洗液浓度、流量等因素对分离和测定的影响，对啤酒和白葡萄酒中常见有机酸在阴离子排斥色谱柱上的保留行为进行了系统的研究；通过试验确定最佳的色谱条件为盐酸浓度1．10mmol/L，流量0．80mL/min；四丁基氢氧化铵浓度5.0mmol/L，流量1.10mL/min；并在该条件下，测定了啤酒和白葡萄酒中的有机酸。     

有机酸的离子排斥色谱分析研究

〕本文报道了用离子排斥色谱法和电导检测器分离和检测有机酸的色谱条件。选用最常见的盐酸代替辛烷磺酸或全氟丁酸作淋洗液,对36种有机酸在离子排斥柱上的保留进行了较系统的研究,找出了有机酸的pKa值和分子结构与保留时间的关系和规律,并将方法试用于多种水样和饮料中有机酸的测定。     

Recent Advances in Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography for the Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Traditional Chinese medicine has been widely used for the prevention and treatment of various diseases for thousands of years in China. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) is a relatively new technique offering new possibilities. This paper reviews recent developments in UHPLC in the separation and identification, fingerprinting, quantification, and metabolism of traditional Chinese medicine. Recently, the combination of UHPLC with MS has improved the efficiency of the analysis of these materials.     

离子色谱法在离子液体阴阳离子分析中的应用

离子液体作为一种新型绿色环保有机化合物,因具有饱和蒸气压低、溶解性良好以及电导率高等优异性质,而在化学化工领域中得到了较为广泛的应用,并越来越受到人们的关注。该文综述了近年来离子色谱在离子液体阴阳离子分析中的应用,对离子色谱法分析离子液体阳离子、离子液体阴离子以及同时分析离子液体阴阳离子三方面进行讨论,并对离子色谱法分析离子液体的发展趋势进行了展望。     

Effect of quality control on the proliferation of the extract from Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.‐Mazz. in Lactobacillus plantarum

In recent years, the fingerprint of high‐performance liquid chromatography has been extensively applied in the identification and quality control of traditional Chinese medicine. It can be a potential protocol for assessing the authenticity, stability and consistency of traditional Chinese medicine and guaranteeing the expected biological activity. In this paper, a method using high‐performance liquid chromatography to identify and control the quality of the extract of Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.‐Mazz. (TME) was established. With this method, the correlation coefficients of the similarity of 10 batches were ≥0.994. The TME displayed a steady proliferative effect in Lactobacillus plantarum. In brief, this study successfully built a reliable, simple and efficient method to control and confirm the quality and the stability of biological activity of the TME.     

Identification and characterization of the chemical constituents of Simiao Wan by ultra high performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry coupled to an automated multiple data processing method

The chemical constituents of Simiao Wan (SW), a traditional Chinese medicine preparation, are difficult to determine and remain unclear. To more efficiently detect ions, a multiple data processing approach has been used in the characterization of the compounds. In this study, a rapid and sensitive method based on ultra high performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry and the multiple data processing approach was established to characterize the chemical constituents of SW. Ultra high performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry coupled with the multiple data processing approach could efficiently remove nonrelated ion signals from accurate mass data. We report the application of the multiple data processing approach for comprehensive detection and rapid identification of chemical constituents of SW. Of note, the total analysis time for separation was less than 20 min without losing any resolution. In the variable, importance in projection plot of orthogonal projection to latent structure‐discriminant analysis, a total of 72 ions of interest (37 ions in positive mode, 38 ions in negative mode and three ions in both mode) were extracted or tentatively characterized based on their retention times, exact mass measurement for each molecular ion and subsequent fragment ions. In summary, the methodology proposed in this study could be valuable for the structural characterization and identification of the multiple constituents in the traditional Chinese medicine formula SW.     

Integrating qualitative and quantitative characterization of traditional Chinese medicine injection by high‐performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection and tandem mass spectrometry

The present study aims to describe and exemplify an integrated strategy of the combination of qualitative and quantitative characterization of a multicomponent mixture for the quality control of traditional Chinese medicine injections with the example of Danhong injection (DHI). The standardized chemical profile of DHI has been established based on liquid chromatography with diode array detection. High‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry and high‐performance liquid chromatography with electrospray multistage tandem ion‐trap mass spectrometry have been developed to identify the major constituents in DHI. The structures of 26 compounds including nucleotides, phenolic acids, and flavonoid glycosides were identified or tentatively characterized. Meanwhile, the simultaneous determination of seven marker constituents, including uridine, adenosine, danshensu, protocatechuic aldehyde, p‐coumaric acid, rosmarinic acid, and salvianolic acid B, in DHI was performed by multiwavelength detection based on high‐performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection. The integrated qualitative and quantitative characterization strategy provided an effective and reliable pattern for the comprehensive and systematic characterization of the complex traditional Chinese medicine system.     

Identification of chemical components in Baidianling Capsule based on gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and high‐performance liquid chromatography combined with Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry

Baidianling Capsule, which is made from 16 Chinese herbs, has been widely used for treating vitiligo clinically. In this study, the sensitive and rapid method has been developed for the analysis of chemical components in Baidianling Capsule by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry in combination with retention indices and high‐performance liquid chromatography combined with Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. Firstly, a total of 110 potential volatile compounds obtained from different extraction procedures including alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, ketones, ethers, aldehydes, alcohols, phenols, organic acids, esters, furans, pyrrole, acid amides, heterocycles, and oxides were detected from Baidianling Capsule by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, of which 75 were identified by mass spectrometry in combination with the retention index. Then, a total of 124 components were tentatively identified by high‐performance liquid chromatography combined with Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. Fifteen constituents from Baidianling Capsule were accurately identified by comparing the retention times with those of reference compounds, others were identified by comparing the retention times and mass spectrometry data, as well as retrieving the reference literature. This study provides a practical strategy for rapidly screening and identifying the multiple constituents of a complex traditional Chinese medicine.     

Static headspace‐multicapillary column with gas chromatography coupled to ion mobility spectrometry as a simple approach for the discrimination of crude and processed traditional Chinese medicines

The processing procedure can alter the nature and chemical transformation of traditional Chinese medicine to accommodate different clinical dispensing and preparation requirements. In this study, static headspace‐multicapillary column with gas chromatography coupled to ion mobility spectrometry was developed for the rapid and sensitive discrimination of crude and processed traditional Chinese medicine. Using Radix Paeoniae Alba as a traditional Chinese medicine model, the combined power of this approach was illustrated by classifying the crude and processed Radix Paeoniae Alba samples into two main categories. The contents of the main components in Radix Paeoniae Alba varied significantly. The established method could promote the use of ion mobility spectrometry in intrinsic quality control and differentiation of herbal medicines from other processed products or preparations.     

高效液相色谱-质谱联用技术的应用进展

高效液相色谱-质谱联用技术具有高分离能力、高灵敏度、应用范围广和极强的专属性等特点。对高效液相色谱-质谱联用技术在药物分析、食品分析和环境分析等领域的应用,特别是在中草药成分分析、中药指纹图谱研究、药物代谢研究、体内药代动力学研究、西药及中成药成分分析、药物筛选研究等方面的应用进行了综述。     

二维液相色谱-质谱联用分离中药复方葛根芩连汤中的有效成分

建立了二维液相色谱-质谱联用方法分离中药复方葛根芩连汤的成分。以CN柱作第一维色谱柱,水和甲醇梯度洗脱分离;以ODS柱作第二维色谱柱,20 mmol/L乙酸铵缓冲液和乙腈梯度洗脱分离;质谱检测采用电喷雾电离/大气压化学电离（ESI/APCI）复合离子源,正负离子扫描。实验结果表明搭建的二维液相色谱的峰容量显著高于一维色谱,分离效率得到了明显的提高。以第一维色谱的第3个流分为例,对其二维分离进行仔细分析,发现质谱比紫外光谱检测到的组分多,质谱中采用负离子模式比正离子模式检测到的组分多。表明搭建的二维液相色谱-质谱分离平台分离效果好,提高了液相色谱的峰容量和分离效率。该方法操作简便,可作为中药等复杂体系分离分析的有效手段。