苣兰种子离体萌发与植株再生(简报)

苣兰种子在不加生长调节剂的改良KC培养基中培养30d离体萌发,40d肉眼可见细小原球茎：转入改良的KC NAA0．2mg／L培养基中,原球茎开始生长并分化成小苗;将小苗转入改良的KC NAA0．5mg／L 香蕉泥20g／L培养基中生根,并长成具有假鳞茎的健壮植株。     

马铃薯离体再生及人工种子研究

马铃薯３个品种虎头,克４和Ｆａｖｏｒｉｔａ的茎叶外植体在ＭＳ＋１ｍｇ／ＬＮＡＡ＋１ｍｇ／ＬＢＡ培养基上形成愈伤组织。在ＭＳ＋０２ｍｇ／ＬＮＡＡ＋１ｍｇ／ＬＢＡ培养基上,愈伤组织分化产生不定芽。在ＭＳ＋００５ｍｇ／ＬＮＡＡ培养基上,不定芽生根形成再生完整植株。０２～０３ｃｍ大小的不定芽反复继代可持续增殖。有３个以上叶片的不定芽在ＭＳ＋５ｍｇ／ＬＢＡ＋００５ｍｇ／ＬＩＢＡ培养基上和黑暗条件下,在侧芽或顶芽部位形成微型薯。用４％海藻酸钠和２％氯化钙溶液包裹０２～０３ｃｍ大小的不定芽或直径为０２～０３ｃｍ的微型薯制成微芽人工种子和微薯人工种子。在４℃下贮存２个月后,微芽人工种子和微薯人工种子在有菌腐殖土壤中播种２１ｄ的萌发率分别是１５７％和９６２％。     

山椒子离体植株再生

1植物名称山椒子（Uvaria grandiflora Roxb.）。 2材料类别 下胚轴、茎段。 3培养条件 （1）种子萌发培养基：1/2MS;（2）不定芽诱导培养基：MS＋BA2.0mg·L-1（单位下同）＋NAA0.1;（3）增殖培养基：MS＋BA1.0＋NAA0.1;     

假鹰爪离体植株再生

1植物名称假鹰爪（Desmos chinensis Lour.）。2材料类别下胚轴、茎段。3培养条件种子萌发培养基：（1）1/2MS。不定芽诱导与增殖培养基：（2）MS＋6-BA4.0mg·L-1（单位下同）＋NAA0.1。增殖培养基：（3）MS＋6-BA2.0＋NAA0.1。壮苗培养基：（4）MS＋6-BA0.2＋NAA0.1。     

尾叶桉叶片的离体培养和植株再生

1植物名称尾叶桉(Eucalyptus urophylia). 2材料类别无菌萌发种子苗的幼叶片. 3培养条件萌发培养基:(1)MS 3%蔗糖.诱导分化培养基:(2)MS 6-BA 0.8～1.5 mg·L-1(单位下同) KT 0.5 NAA 0.1 3%蔗糖.丛生芽增殖和生长培养基:(3)MS 6-BA 0.2 NAA 0.02 3%蔗糖.生根培养基:(4)1/2MS NAA 0.5 2%蔗糖;(5)MS NAA 0.5 2%蔗糖;(6)改良H NAA 0.5 2%蔗糖.以上培养基均加入0.65%琼脂,pH 5.8.培养温度(25±2)℃,光照1 6 h·d-1,光照度1900～2000lx.     

大豆未成熟种子芽的离体培养、植株再生和瓶内结实

1　植物名称　大豆 (Ｇｌｙｃｉｎｅｍａｘ)品种Ｋｕｎｉｔ 2。2　材料类别　未成熟种子芽。3　培养条件　大豆未成熟种子芽成苗培养基 :(1 )ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 2ｍｇ·Ｌ-1(单位下同 ) ＫＴ 1 ＮＡＡ 0 .2。幼苗生长培养基 :(2 )ＨＢＷ培养基 (详见河北农业科学 ,第 3卷第 2期 2     

枣叶片离体培养再生植株

PlantletRegenerationfromLeavesCulturesofZizyphusiuiubaCHENZong－Li,YANZhi－Lian,QILong（Denyt17mllofmp,You’onl／nll＊,ndy,Yan’as716000）1植物名称枣（凯W…。Wwi）。2材料类别俗名“狗头枣”的无菌试管苗的叶片。3培养条件（l）叶片愈伤组织诱导及继代培养基：MS＋6－BA0．3mg／L（单位下同）＋2,4D20;（2）芽分化培养基：MS＋6－BAI．0＋IBA0．2＋D一泛酸钙1．0十活性发0．5％;（3）芽生长培养基：1／2MS＋6－BA0．2＋IAA0．04＋D一泛酸钙1．0;（4）芽增殖培养基：1／2MS＋6－BA0．4＋IAA0．0…     

山苍子的离体培养和植株再生

1　植物名称　山苍子 (Ｌｉｔｓｅａｃｕｂｅｂａ) ,又名木姜子。2　材料类别　成年植株带芽茎段。3　培养条件　所使用的培养基为 :( 1 )ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ3.0ｍｇ·Ｌ- 1 (单位下同 ) ＩＢＡ 0 .5 ;( 2 )ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ2 .0 ＩＢＡ 0 .5 ;( 3)ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 1 .0 ＫＴ 1 .0 Ｎ     

山葵的离体培养和植株再生

CInvitroCultureandPlangtletRegenerationofEutremawasabiWANGGuang-Dong,LIShi-Jun(DepartmentofHorticulture,NanjingAgriculturalUniversity,Nanjing210095)1植物名称山葵（Eutremawasabi）,又名山嵛菜。2材料类别带侧芽的根状茎。3培养条件（1）诱导培养基：1／2MS＋6－BA0．2mp·L－1（单位下同）＋NAA0．05;（2）增殖培养基：MS＋6-BA0．2＋KT0．2＋NAA0．05;（3）生根培养基：1／2MS＋NAA0．05。培养基（1）附加琼脂粉5．0g·L－1,其余附加6.0g·L－1。（1）和（2）培养基加蔗糖30g·L－1,（3）加20g·L－…     

厚皮甜瓜的离体培养植株再生

1　植物名称　厚皮甜瓜 (Ｃｕｃｕｍｉｓｍｅｌｏｓｓｐ .Ｐａｎｇ)主栽品种“皇后”。2　材料类别　种子。3　培养条件　诱导胚性愈伤组织培养基 :( 1 )ＭＳ大量及微量元素 (下同 ) 6 ＢＡ 1 .5ｍｇ·Ｌ- 1 (单位下同 ) ;( 2 )ＭＳ Ｂ5 有机 6 ＢＡ 1 ;( 3)ＭＳ ＮＡＡ1 6 ＢＡ 1 ;( 4 )ＭＳ ＮＡＡ 1 6 ＢＡ 0 .5 ;( 5 )ＭＳ ＮＡＡ 1 6 ＢＡ 0 .1 ;( 6)ＭＳ ＩＡＡ 0 .1 6 ＢＡ 1。芽分化培养基 :( 7)ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 0 .2 ;( 8)ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ0 .5 ;( 9)ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 1 .0 ;( 1 0 )改良ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 0 .2 ;( 1 1 )改良…     

胡杨离体器官发生及试管无性系的建立

研究了离体条件下胡杨（Ｐｏｐｕｌｕｓ　ｅｕｐｈｒａｔｉｃａ　Ｏｌｉｖｅｒ）茎段、叶片及愈伤组织的器官发生和植株再生技术。离体培养以ＭＳ为基本培养基并附加４０ｍｇ／Ｌ腺嘌呤和５００ｍｇ／Ｌ水解乳蛋白。离体叶片和茎段在ＢＡ为０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ和ＮＡＡ为０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ的培养基上诱导产生愈伤组织,并在含０．２５ｍｇ／ＬＢＡ和０．５ｍｇ／ＬＮＡＡ的培养基上继代增殖。ＢＡ为０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ和ＮＡＡ为０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ可诱导叶片和愈伤组织发生不定芽,诱导频率分别为１００％和８２．９％,对于茎段,ＢＡ和ＮＡＡ分别为０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ和０．０１ｍｇ／Ｌ时诱导不定芽频率可达８３％。试管苗在大量元素减半并附加０．０１５ｍｇ／ＬＮＡＡ的ＭＳ培养基上诱导生根,生根率达８６．２％。     

Organogenesis and Plantlet Regeneration in Vitro of Populus euphratica

The research of organogenesis and in vitro plantlet regeneration of Populus euphratica Oliver was carried out using the tender shoots from mature tree as initial explants and MS medium as the basic medium. The effects of plant growth regulators (PGR) on the regeneration were compared. The results showed that the concentration of PGR was not strictly required for the organogenesis of the excised organs and callus, but the ratio of BA to NAA was important. Calli could be induced from the excised leaves and stems cultured on the medium with 0.5 mg/L BA and 0.5 mg/L NAA. The embryonic callus could be multiplied in dark on the medium supplemented with 0.25 mg/L BA and 0.5 mg/L NAA. For the adventitious bud regeneration of the leaf and callus, supplement with 0.5 mg/L BA and 0.1 mg/L NAA was appropriate, giving a regeneration frequency of 82.9% and 100%, respectively. The suitable level of BA and NAA for the excised stem's was 0.1 mg/L and 0.01 mg/L respectively, yielding a regeneration frequency of 83 %. Rooting occurred on the MS medium with half strength of macronutrient and addition of 0.015 mg/L NAA, and the rooting rate could reach up to 86.2%. The techniques of somatic cell cloning of P. euphratica was established in vitro. The problems of deterioration of the subcultured shoots were also discussed.     

In Vitro Morphogenesis and Plantlet Regeneration from Seeds of Syzygium Alternifolium

This work describes in vitro morphogenesis and plantlet regeneration from seeds of the naturally polyembryonic tree Syzgium alternifolium. The basal medium (BM) comprised half strength Murashige and Skoog's (MS) salts, B₅ vitamins, 2 mg dm^-3 glycine, 250 mg dm^-3 ascorbic acid and 20 g dm^-3 sucrose. Addition of auxins like indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), 1-naphthalene acetic acid or 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid to the basal medium induced formation of roots or callus from the dicotyledonous as well as tricotyledonous seeds. In contrast, cytokinins like N⁶-benzyladenine (BA), kinetin, 2-isopentenyl adenine, thidiazuron alone or a combination of BA and auxins induced development of adventitious shoots. The medium containing 3.0 mg dm^-3 BA and 0.5 mg dm^-3 IAA induced the highest number of adventitious shoots (32 – 33) from dicotyledonous seed with an average length of 4.1 cm within 6 weeks of incubation. Rooting of 80 % adventitious shoots was achieved by dipping the shoots in 100 mg dm^-3 IAA for 15 min. About 70 % of the rooted shoots were successfully established in pots after hardening. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

烈香杜鹃的离体培养和高效植株再生

以烈香杜鹃嫩茎为外植体,应用均匀设计法筛选其最适合的嫩茎基部直接再生芽苗和生根培养基。结果表明,最适合烈香杜鹃嫩茎基部直接再生芽苗的诱导培养基为DR＋2．30mg·L-1 TDZ＋0．05mg·L-1 IAA＋1．80mg·L-1 KT,诱导率为99．6％;生根培养基为1／2DR＋0．07mg·L-1 IAA＋0．02mg·L-1NAA,生根率达99．7％以上。以再生植株茎节为材料进行快速繁殖,在35d的培养周期内,每段增殖倍数平均达5以上。     

In Vitro Seed Germination and Developmental Morphology of Seedling in Cymbidium ensifolium

The process of in vitro seed germination of Cymbidium ensifoliumcultivar Si-ji-lan could be divided into the following five stages: (1) Proembryos wereswollen, outer layer cells became irregular in shape. The tangential wall of outer layer cells of proembryos was thickened. The terminal cells were much smaller than basiccells. (2) Seeds germinated and differentiated into protocorms with terminal or lateralmeristem. (3) On one flank of the terminal meristem a single cotyledon was differen-tiated. (4) After the first foliage leaf was formed in the opposite side of the cotyledon,the protocorms developed into rhizomes. (5) As the third or forth leaf was formed, young roots were initiated. The results stained by Suden IV shot that the possiblecause for quite slow seed germination rate of Cymbidium ensifolium in vitro is due tothe thickened layers of seed coat, reducing its penetrability on the surface of proem-bryo. During seed germination the lipid and starch in the embryo cells were reduced.The reduction of starches may be closely correlated to the meristem formation.     

对生玉米离体培养再生体系的建立

以对生玉米的雌、雄幼穗为外植体,研究了不同质量浓度激素及其组合对愈伤组织诱导、再分化苗和试管苗生根的影响,建立了对生玉米离体培养再生体系。结果表明：长度为15-17 mm的雌、雄幼穗能够诱导出质量较好的愈伤组织,但只有来自于雄幼穗的愈伤组织才能再生成苗。适合愈伤组织诱导的培养基为Ms+1．5-2．0 mg·L-12,4-D+0．5 mg·L-16-BA+0．5 mg·L-1 NAA+500 mg·L-1脯氨酸+1000 mg·L-1水解酪蛋白+30 g·L-1蔗糖;适合愈伤组织再分化培养基为MS+1．5-2．0 mg·L-1 6-BA+0．1 mg·L-1 NAA+500 mg·L-1水解酪蛋白+30 g·L-1 蔗糖;适合试管苗生根培养基为1／2 MS+0．25-0．5 mg·L-1 IBA+20 g·L-1蔗糖。     

非洲菊未授粉胚珠的离体诱导和植株再生

通过不同培养基及培养条件的筛选,离体诱导12个品种的非洲菊未授粉胚珠的结果表明:MS中的大量元素 Heller中的微量元素 1/2铁盐 0.2mg·L~(-1)6-BA 0.1mg·L~(-1)IAA较适宜于非洲菊未授粉胚珠愈伤组织的诱导和芽的再生,8个品种中以品种‘E19’诱导愈伤组织的诱导率最高(为23.1%);5个品种可再生形成不定芽,再生率为4.8%-19.6%。用根尖染色体鉴定法鉴定再生的23个植株的倍性的结果显示,21.7%为二倍体,43.5%为单倍体,34.8%为混倍体.     

In vitro shoot regeneration from leaf explants of Echinops kebericho: an endangered endemic medicinal plant

Echinops kebericho is a critically endangered endemic medicinal plant of Ethiopia. It is threatened due to over harvesting of its roots for medicinal purposes and from poor seed viability. This study aimed to develop a protocol for in vitro shoot regeneration from leaf explants of E. kebericho. The seeds were sterilized using ethanol followed by Clorox or calcium hypochlorite. Shoots from the germinated seeds were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing different concentrations of α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 6-benzyl amino purine (BAP). Young leaves were cultured on MS medium containing different concentrations of BAP and NAA for shoot regeneration. For shoot multiplication, shoots were excised and cultured on MS medium containing different concentrations of BAP or kinetin (KIN) and NAA. The highest mean number of initiated shoots (4.00 ± 0.57) with 100% shoot induction was obtained on medium containing 1.0 mg/L BAP and 0.2 mg/L NAA. The highest shoot regeneration (33%) and shoot number (2.13 ± 0.06) were obtained on MS medium containing 2.0 mg/L BAP and 0.5 mg/L NAA. Medium containing 1.0 mg/L KIN and 0.2 mg/L NAA produced the highest number of shoots (4.67 ± 0.33) per explant. This protocol can be used for genetic improvement and conservation of this endangered species.     

榛树种子的休眠和萌发

鉴定榛子各部分浸提液的结果显示 ,果皮、种皮及胚都存在导致休眠的抑制物质 ;榛树果实有一定的吸水性 ,据此推测种子休眠可能不是因果皮的不透水性造成 ;0 .5、2、5mg·L-16 BA可以解除种子休眠 ,促进萌发。