基于地理探测器的山东省人口空间格局演变及影响因素研究

以山东省县域为研究尺度,基于山东省136区县人口普查数据,利用空间自相关方法和地理探测器模型,探讨山东省人口空间分布格局演变与影响因素之间的关系。结果表明：(1)2000—2020年,山东省人口空间格局基本保持不变,呈现西南高东北低的格局;人口重心始终位于潍坊市临朐县,并向东北方向缓慢移动。(2)山东省人口分布集中指数与不均衡指数均呈上升趋势,人口分布总体向集中与不均衡分布发展。(3)山东省人口密度莫兰指数>0,呈现出显著空间正相关;人口分布在空间上呈显著的高-高集聚、低-低集聚特征,且有增强趋势。(4)不同影响因素对山东省人口空间分布的影响力不同,其由大到小依次为平均房价、城镇化率、人均可支配收入、人均GDP、气温、降水、高程、地形起伏度。人口空间格局是多因子综合作用的结果,任意两因子交互作用的影响力均大于单因子单独作用的影响力。     

粤东地区人口老龄化空间格局演变

以粤东地区19个区县为研究对象,选取粤东地区1990、2000、2010年的人口普查数据,分别计算各区县的老年人口系数、老年负担系数和老年人口密度;运用空间自相关分析法和人口重心模型,对粤东地区人口老龄化的空间分布格局的演变进行了初步的探索;试图从空间视角丰富对人口老龄化区域特征和差异的认识,并为人口优化措施提供参考性的依据. 研究结果表明:粤东地区已进入老年型社会初期;粤东地区老年人口分布不均,各区县差异显著;老年人口分布重心呈现向东北推移的趋势;老年人口分布表现出正的空间相关性,高值集聚区分布在粤东地区东北部的区县,低值集聚区出现在粤东地区南部的区县.     

海东市人口密度分级与重心曲线的时空动态特征研究

借助Arc GIS软件的空间分析功能,研究2007—2013年海东市人口密度空间分布特征、动态演变及其动力机制,并验证人口重心曲线研究方法在较小空间尺度上应用的适宜性.研究认为:1海东市人口分布的集聚核心区和中度集聚区的人口占总人口的53.1%,土地面积占海东市总面积的21.8%,主要位于西北-东南方向地势较为平坦的条带上.相对稀疏区人口占总人口的12.9%,土地面积却占到43.6%,主要位于西南部和东北部的山地和高原地区,表明海东市人口的空间分布呈现出显著的不均衡性和集聚特征.22007—2013年,海东市人口分布的空间演变表现为相对稀疏区乡镇个数的不断减少,集聚核心区乡镇个数增加缓慢,中度集聚区乡镇个数明显增加并成为人口集聚的主要区域.3自然地理条件塑造了海东市人口分布的基本格局,经济区位、城镇化发展和政策因素强化了人口的空间集聚.4人口重心曲线研究方法适用于乡镇小尺度地区,等级划分越细,呈现的人口分布规律和空间变化特征越微观、局部性越明显,而适当进行等级聚类有助于减少破碎程度,突出整体空间集聚特征.     

城镇化背景下欠发达区域农村居民点空间格局演变及影响因素

以欠发达平原县——兰考县为研究区域，在域内自然因素近乎无差别分布的基础上，分析兰考县农村居民点空间格局演变规律及影响因素.运用景观格局分析、核密度分析及空间自相关等方法分析2000-2020年兰考县农村聚落的空间演变特征；运用回归分析法研究欠发达平原区社会经济发展与农村居民点的相关性及耦合关系，以期揭示欠发达区域农村聚落演化的特殊规律.研究发现：(1)2000-2020年兰考县农村居民点数量减少了9.24%,而用地规模增加了12.54%,居民点数量减少和规模扩张在2000-2010年阶段更为显著；(2)兰考县农村居民点空间分布集聚性加强，但斑块间形状差异增大；(3)受城区影响，居民点空间分布规律具有明显的指向性，具体表现为“近城规模大数量少且集中、远城规模小数量多且分散”的空间分布格局；(3)兰考县农村居民点空间分布受交通、城镇辐射、耕地面积和人口数量等社会经济因素影响显著.     

贵州省县域人口与经济分布格局的时空演变

选取贵州省县域人口、国内生产总值(GDP)等数据,基于重心变化和探索性数据空间分析等方法,分析贵州省2006~2014年人口与经济分布格局时空演变特征。结果表明:1)贵州省人口分布重心从几何重心的西北部逐渐向西部迁移,在2009年迁移距离减小,分布重心的位置逐步稳定;GDP的重心分布于贵州省几何重心的西部,位置变化较小;第二、三产业分布重心与GDP分布重心较近;第一产业重心不断向人口分布重心靠近。2)贵州省经济空间分布处于低水平均衡发展阶段,县域人口、GDP和第三产业Global Moran's I指数均未通过显著性水平检验,仅第一产业和第二产业通过了该检验,要素集聚水平低。3)贵州省县域人口和GDP变化热点区呈现集聚特征,进一步向黔中地区集聚。4)在推进工业化、城市化过程中,贵州省要进一步提高城市首位度,提升工业、服务业发展水平,以产业发展吸引人口集聚。     

滇中城市圈县域人口增长率的空间格局演变特征分析

选取滇中城市圈42个县市区人口数据作为研究对象,采用人口平均增长指数和空间自相关分析方法,在ArgGIS和GeoDA软件支持下,对2000～2008年滇中城市圈人口增长率的空间格局演变特征分析.研究结果表明:总体上人口增长率存在空间集聚性,人口增长空间正相关多于负相关,局部空间集聚特征明显,空间结构主要表现为"中心-外围"结构.演变过程体现了人口向经济发展水平较高的区域集聚,同时也应该注意到,在经济相对不发达的县域,人口有反向集聚趋势.     

基于地理探测器的南昌市人口空间格局与自然因素关系研究

基于南昌市人口普查数据,利用空间自相关和地理探测器等方法,探讨南昌市人口空间分布与自然因素之间的关系.结果表明:(1)研究期间,南昌市人口空间格局基本保持不变,人口密度大致呈现"中心外围"格局,人口重心始终位于西湖区系马桩街道内部,并向西南方向缓慢移动.(2)人口分布在空间上呈显著的"高高集聚""低低集聚"特征,且有增强趋势.(3)不同自然因素对南昌市人口空间分布的影响力有所不同,其由大到小依次是河网密度、起伏度、海拔、坡度.人口空间格局是多个因子综合作用的结果,任意两因子交互作用的影响力均大于单因子的影响力.     

青藏高原区人口与经济空间格局演变及耦合性研究：2000-2010

文章基于藏、青、川、甘、滇的第五、六次人口普查数据与GDP数据,利用区域重心、地理集中度、空间探索性分析技术,分析了2000年、2005年、2010年青藏高原地区人口与经济的空间关联性及动态变化,探讨人口格局与经济格局的空间一致性,对各地市州经济与人口耦合性进行等级划分并进行空间相关性检验。结果显示：研究区域在2000—2010年间整体上经济重心与人口重心的偏离程度在缩小,人口、经济地理集中度呈现显著的空间自相关,人口、经济地理集中度相对等级变动不大,青藏高原区2000—2010年间人口、经济区域协调发展程度有所提高,但人口与经济耦合性未呈现明显的空间相关性。     

呼和浩特市人口数量与经济增长关系时空演变分析

基于呼和浩特市2000—2020年人口与经济发展数据，采用人口-经济增长弹性、不均衡指数、人口与经济地理集中度、不一致指数等分析方法，对呼和浩特市人口与经济时空演变进行分析。结果表示：呼和浩特市经济增长对人口增长的拉动作用不明显，旗县人口外流严重；人口与经济不均衡分布加剧；人口与经济地理集中度呈以玉泉-回民为核心向四周降低的“核心-外围”分布格局，并且人口与经济进一步向核心区域集中；呼和浩特市已经转变为经济集聚大于人口集聚，人口与经济分布耦合性不断上升。最后从建设“呼包鄂”城市群、推动经济发展、优化产业结构、合理实施人口迁移等方面提出推动呼和浩特市人口分布与经济发展格局优化建议。     

东北地区人口老龄化空间格局演变及影响因素研究

基于2000年和2010年人口普查分县数据,综合应用探索性空间数据分析(ESDA)、空间变差函数和空间计量方法,探讨了东北县域人口老龄化空间格局演变特征及影响因素.结果表明:东北地区人口老龄化呈现出自西向东、自北向南逐渐加深的空间格局,高-高和低-低集聚特征显著;10年间高-高集聚区由南向北扩展,低-低集聚区由北部向南收缩,整体的空间集聚态势和空间自组织性有所减弱,空间差异有所减小,最终导致老龄化成为多数县域面临的常态.这种格局的形成及演变的特征与当地特殊的人口、经济和社会因素密切相关.其中,出生率和死亡率始终具有主导作用,迁出率、经济发展水平、医疗卫生条件、城市化率的影响也较为突出.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.