Ti和正火工艺对Nb-V-Ti微合金电机轴用钢16MnT低温冲击韧性的影响

试验16MnT钢(/%:0.14~0.15C,0.27~0.30Si,1.40Mn,0.008~0.010P,0.003~0.004S,0.020~0.025Nb,0.10V,0.002~0.08Ti,0.025~0.027Al,0.0043~0.0053N)的生产工艺流程为60t EAF-LF-VD-5.8t铸锭-锻造φ190~250mm棒材-920℃正火。检验结果表明,0.08%Ti 16MnT钢锻造正火后-20℃冲击功为6~16J,低于标准值34 J。分析结果得出,0.08%Ti钢中存在大量TiN和延晶Nb-Ti(C,N)析出相,-20℃钢的断口为典型沿晶脆性断裂,且锻材断面的组织不均匀,表面为索氏体,心部为铁素体+珠光体。通过将钢中Ti含量降至0.002%,正火风雾冷却时锻材间距离为1.5m,使16MnT钢锻材的-20℃冲击功提高至132~288 J。     

V和Ti在高碳钢中的应用

研究了V、Ti在预应力钢绞线及钢丝用高碳钢线材中的应用。高碳钢盘条中加入微量的V、Ti,在降低了珠光体相变温度的同时使珠光体相变与贝氏体相变温度区间发生分离;V的加入可以在细化珠光体片层间距的同时,抑制晶界连续渗碳体的形成。V、Ti在高碳钢中主要以复合碳氮化物的形式在晶界铁素体及珠光体片层间弥散析出,同时有部分V以合金碳化物的形式存在于渗碳体片层中。高温区析出的Ti(C,N)对奥氏体晶粒的长大具有显著的抑制作用,V主要在低温区以碳氮化物的形式起到析出强化的作用,另有部分V原子与Cr类似,与渗碳体结合形成合金碳化物,起到了强化渗碳体的作用。     

胀断连杆用中碳非调质钢的析出强化行为

 利用金相显微镜、透射电镜及X射线衍射仪等分析了2种不同钒质量分数(0.15 %、 0.28 %)的胀断连杆用中碳非调质钢在热锻及空冷后的微合金碳氮化物析出相的成分及粒度分布等特征,并探讨了其析出强化行为。结果表明,随着钢中钒质量分数的增加,组织细化,铁素体增加,珠光体片层间距减小,同时含钒、铬的M(C,N)型析出相的数量增多。2种试验钢中分别约有质量分数48 %、64 %的钒处于M(C,N)相中,M(C,N)相中又分别有约质量分数42.6 %、56.7 %的颗粒尺寸小于10 nm,这些细小粒子主要弥散分布在铁素体内,其沉淀强化增量分别为140.0和232.6 MPa。当试验钢中钒质量分数较高时,不仅可获得与传统胀断连杆用C70S6钢相当的抗拉强度和冲击功,而且还可获得远高于C70S6钢的屈服强度和屈强比,因而适合用来制造高性能胀断连杆。     

轧后冷却工艺对高强度汽车发动机裂解连杆用钢组织和性能的影响

采用金相显微镜、扫描电镜和透射电镜等分析方法,研究了轧后冷却工艺对高强度汽车发动机裂解连杆用微合金非调质中碳钢的组织和性能的影响。结果表明,提高轧后冷却速度有利于钢中珠光体比例的增加,降低铁素体晶粒尺寸和减少珠光体片层间距;钢中的第二相沉淀析出相主要是弥散分布在铁素体基体中的(V,Ti)(C,N)复合相,粒度在30~170 nm,随着轧后冷却速度的增加而减小;而其屈服强度随轧后冷却速度的增加而提高,在高的冷却速度下,其屈服强度达到770 MPa,其中析出相对屈服强度的贡献达到174 MPa。     

PD3钢轨钢接触疲劳变形组织的TEM观察

在透射电镜下观察接触疲劳失效后不同状态的ＰＤ３钢轨钢的变形组织。结果表明，接触疲劳变形组织的主要特点是：珠光体片层间距减小，珠光体团被剪切分割成亚团，先析铁素体内形成位错胞结构；铁素体／渗碳体界面上存在高的位错密度；珠光体中渗碳体片发生变形与断裂。同时对珠光体片层间距与变形组织的关系进行了分析讨论。     

硫,氮对铝脱氧的钛处理钢性能的影响

本文以20g钢化学成份为基础成份,添加不同的Ti量,且适当地改变了钢中S、N和Als量,熔炼18炉钢,研究Ti、S、N和Als含量对Ti处理钢的韧性、应变时效、延性及强度的影响及微钛在钢中作用机理。试验结果表明,Ti处理减轻了S对钢的韧性、延性及应变时效韧性的危害。同时得出S含量<0.03％,Ti含量为0.01～0.023％,N/Als为0.1～0.2时,也就是Ti Als/N约等于6时,Ti处理钢的性能可达最佳。     

连杆用C70S6钢的胀断性能

对比分析了传统连杆用非调质钢F38MnVS(/%:0.37C、1.32Mn、0.18Si、0.008P、0.060S、0.12Cr、0.12V)锻坯的胀断性能和胀断连杆用非调质钢C70S6(/%:0.72C、0.57Mn、0.32Si、0.020P、0.060S、0.17Cr、0.03V)锻坯的胀断性能。结果表明,C70S6钢的胀断性能明显优于F38MnVS钢。C70S6钢的组织以片层状珠光体为主,铁素体的含量极低,胀断面以脆性断裂为主,达到胀断技术的要求。     

稀土对0．27C-1Cr钢先共析铁素体及珠光体相变的影响

稀土使0．27C-1Cr钢中的先共析钛素体组织细化，钢光体含量变少，片层间距减小，Fe4C／a相界面能降低。稀土提高了先共析铁素体和珠光体相变过程的激活能，减低了相变过程速率。     

论提高珠光体钢轨钢性能的途径

本文通过对国内外金属材料研究成果的综合分析,介绍了珠光体钢轨钢的组织、成份与性能间关系着重阐述了决定珠光体钢轨钢性能的是其组织的几何参数,即珠光体团尺寸、珠光体片层间距和渗碳体片厚度。同时指出了控制珠光体钢组织几何参数的基本途径:合金化、热处理和控制轧制。     

冷却工艺对Ti微合金化高强钢组织和硬度的影响

摘要：通过热模拟实验,研究了冷却工艺参数对Ti微合金化高强钢组织和硬度的影响。结果表明：当终冷温度为700℃时,随着冷却速度的增大,铁素体和珠光体组织得到了显著细化,实验钢硬度增加;随着终冷温度的降低,多边形铁素体晶粒尺寸呈减小趋势,铁素体和珠光体含量逐渐降低,珠光体片层间距逐渐减小,贝氏体含量增加,相变强化和细晶强化共同作用使得实验钢的硬度逐渐增加;钢中存在少量粗大的TiN和Ti4C2S2粒子,冷却速度由5℃/s增大到30℃/s,TiC粒子的析出数量明显增加,平均尺寸由8.1nm减小到6.7nm;终冷温度由700℃降到600℃,第二相粒子TiC的析出数量逐渐减少,平均析出粒子尺寸由6.7nm减小到5.9nm。研究结果为Ti微合金化高强钢控制冷却工艺的制定奠定了理论基础。     

Nb-Ti微合金化对热轧0.5~0.7Cr铲斗刀板型钢组织和性能的影响

试验0.5~0.7Cr铲斗刀板型钢（/%:0.22~0.30C,0.25~0.45Si,0.95~1.20Mn,0.006~0.009P,0.008~0.010S,0.5~0.7Cr,0.015~0.065Nb,0~0.040Ti）由50kg真空感应炉熔炼,热轧成16mm厚板,终轧温度850~900℃,空冷。通过光学显微镜、扫描、透射电镜和力学性能测试研究了Nb-Ti含量（0.015Nb,0.035Nb-0.010Ti,0.065Nb-0.040Ti）对热轧态铲斗刀板钢组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,试验钢组织为F+P,随Nb-Ti含量增加,钢板的晶粒细化,珠光体片层间距降低,（Nb,Ti）C和（Nb,Ti）(C,N)析出物增多,强度增加,0.065Nb-0.040Ti钢板的力学性能为屈服强度632MPa,抗拉强度916MPa,延伸率17.7%,K_AV40 J,HB硬度值234。     

V-N对中碳SiMn非调质钢显微组织的影响

用光学显微镜和透射电镜研究了0.130%V-0.021 5%N、0.130%V-0.0304%N和0.001%V- 0.020 7%N三种V-N含量的(%)0.37～0.38C、0.82～0.92Si、1.78～1.81Mn、0.06 Ti、0.015Nb非调质钢的组织,用Gleeble 1500热模拟机测定了该钢的应力-应变曲线,并用JMatPro 4.1软件计算了该钢的CCT曲线以及900℃和600℃平衡状态下钢中各相的含量。结果表明,该钢的组织为珠光体+先共析铁素体,随氮含量增加,珠光体增多,晶界铁素体变粗;随钒含量减少,珠光体数量显著增加,贝氏体及铁素体变粗;共析铁素体和先共析铁素体中的析出物尺寸≤3 nm;V和/或N含量高的钢,应变时应力大。     

Influence of Vanadium on Fracture Splitting Property of Medium Carbon Steel

The fracture splitting property of medium carbon steel 37MnSiS microalloyed with V up to 0. 45% was investigated by using simulated fracture splitting test,for the development of new crackable medium carbon steel to manufacture high performance connecting rod. Conventional high carbon steel C70S6 was used for comparison. The results show that the volume fraction of both ferrite and V-rich M( C,N) particles increases,and the pearlite interlamellar spacing decreases with increasing V content,which in turn results in gradual increase of strength and decrease of ductility and impact energy. The fracture splitting property of the tested steel could be improved significantly due to the increase of V content mainly through the precipitation hardening mechanism of fine M( C,N) precipitates. The fraction of brittle cleavage fracture in the crack initiation area increases noticeably with increasing V content and full brittle cleavage fracture surface could be obtained when V content was increased to 0. 45%. It is concluded that medium carbon steel with V content higher than about 0. 28% possesses not only comparable or even higher mechanical properties with those of conventional steel C70S6,but also excellent fracture splitting property,and therefore,is more suitable to fabricate high performance fracture splitting connecting rod.     

高碳钢线材组织和屈服强度关系的数学模型

通过光学和扫描电子显微镜,运用定量金相技术,分析计算高碳钢(%:0.56～0.63C、0.60～0.71Mn、0.23～0.28Si)铁索体含量和珠光体片间距,建立高碳钢线材的组织和屈服强度(σ_s)之间关系的数学模型:σ_a(Pa)=104.52×10^-6+161.70(1-f_a^1/3)S^-1(m),其中fa~-铁素体的体积百分数,S-珠光体的片层间距。模型的计算值与实验值的相对误差为2.9%。     

中碳易切钢Y35TiS的研制

研制了代替３５＃钢作Ｕ型螺栓紧固螺母用的含０．３Ｃ－０．０２Ｔｉ－０．１Ｓ易切钢。该钢具有良好的切削性能，其机械性能能满足汽车工业关键部件的要求。     

CM690锚链钢发纹缺陷形成分析和工艺改善

CM690锚链钢的生产流程为铁水预处理-80 t BOF-LF-RH-200 mm×200 mm方坯连铸-轧制成φ50mm圆钢工艺。钢材分析结果表明,酸蚀过程中,CM690钢（/%:0.29C,0.21Si,1.58Mn,0.017P,0.012S,0.017Ti）中条串状MnSTiN夹杂物及其周围带状富碳组织被腐蚀形成发纹状缺陷,另外,富碳贝氏体和珠光体亦逐渐腐蚀。通过控制RH终点[S]0.004%~0.007%,[N]从原55×10^-6~70×10^-6降至40×10^-6~50×10^-6,钢水过热度从25~40℃降至25~35℃,控制连铸拉速在1.3 m/min,二冷比水量由0.35 L/kg增至0.40 L/kg,基本消除了钢中的发纹缺陷。     

Ti-Nb微合金化对低碳高强度钢组织和性能的影响

0.153Ti-0.038Nb和0.080Ti-0.062Nb两种Ti-Nb微合金化低碳钢(/%:0.061～0.075C、0.22Si、1.76～1.77Mn、0.002～0.003S、0.006P、0.003Als、0.003 8～0.004 2N、0.004 0～0.004 5O)由50 kg真空感应炉冶炼,轧成10 mm板,终轧温度880℃,水冷至630℃。试验结果表明,两种Ti-Nb微合金化钢的析出物均为(Nb,Ti)(C,N)复合析出物;当Ti含量由0.080%增加至0.153%,同时Nb含量由0.062%降至0.038%时,钢屈服和抗拉强度分别从558 MPa和653 MPa提高至633 MPa和756 MPa,屈强比、伸长率和断面收缩率变化较小。表明,添加Ti代替部分Nb进行复合微合金化可提高钢材强度,降低生产成本。     

Microwave Heating, Isothermal Sintering, and Mechanical Properties of Powder Metallurgy Titanium and Titanium Alloys

This article presents a detailed assessment of microwave (MW) heating, isothermal sintering, and the resulting tensile properties of commercially pure Ti (CP-Ti), Ti-6Al-4V, and Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al (wt pct), by comparison with those fabricated by conventional vacuum sintering. The potential of MW sintering for titanium fabrication is evaluated accordingly. Pure MW radiation is capable of heating titanium powder to ≥1573 K (1300 °C), but the heating response is erratic and difficult to reproduce. In contrast, the use of SiC MW susceptors ensures rapid, consistent, and controllable MW heating of titanium powder. MW sintering can consolidate CP-Ti and Ti alloys compacted from ?100 mesh hydride-dehydride (HDH) Ti powder to ~95.0 pct theoretical density (TD) at 1573 K (1300 °C), but no accelerated isothermal sintering has been observed over conventional practice. Significant interstitial contamination occurred from the Al₂O₃-SiC insulation–susceptor package, despite the high vacuum used (≤4.0 × 10^?3 Pa). This leads to erratic mechanical properties including poor tensile ductility. The use of Ti sponge as impurity (O, N, C, and Si) absorbers can effectively eliminate this problem and ensure good-to-excellent tensile properties for MW-sintered CP-Ti, Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al, and Ti-6Al-4V. The mechanisms behind various observations are discussed. The prime benefit of MW sintering of Ti powder is rapid heating. MW sintering of Ti powder is suitable for the fabrication of small titanium parts or titanium preforms for subsequent thermomechanical processing.     

共析轨钢塑性应变与应变疲劳关系的研究

用全反向恒应变幅试验方法,研究了C-Mn轨钢珠光体及回火索氏体的应变疲劳行为,探讨了塑性应变在应变疲劳中的作用。试验结果表明,轨钢的疲劳是塑性应变控制过程。大应变幅时,疲劳寿命的急剧缩短与塑性应变幅的快速增长有关,减小片间距会降低塑性应变幅在总应变幅中所占比例;抗拉强度相等时,因循环软化而致的塑性应变幅增大及较小的可允许应变范围是回火索氏体疲劳寿命低于珠光体的主要原因。