微波干燥技术对羌活热敏性成分的影响研究

目的:以羌活为研究对象,考察微波干燥技术对挥发油含量在干燥后的变化,并以特征图谱为依据,比较不同干燥方式对羌活整体化学成分造成的影响。方法:采用《中国药典》2015版羌活项下各测定方法。结论:微波真空干燥在真空度为-0.1MPa的情况下,既保证干燥效率,又能充分保留热敏性成分,且对羌活整体成分无影响。     

不同干燥方法红枣中维生素C含量测定分析

[目的]测定不同干燥方法红枣中维生素C含量,为食品营养成分分析提供参考数据。[方法]分别采用自然晒干、微波干燥、电热恒温干燥的方法处理样品,用草酸提取各样品中维生素C,37℃时与2,4-二硝基苯肼反应,用分光光度法于波长490nm处测定吸光度。[结果]鲜枣中含维生素C324.38mg/100g,随着自然日晒天数的增多维生素C含量迅速减少;电热恒温干燥的样品维生素C含量21.16mg/100g;微波干燥样品维生素C含量94.04mg/100g。[结论]微波干燥处理的红枣维生素C含量最高,显著高于自然晒制20d和电热恒温干燥的样品。自然干燥过程中前7d果实维生素C含量下降幅度较小,8d后果实维生素C含量显著下降,约2周后果实维生素C的含量变化不大。     

微波能在分析样品预处理中的应用

微波能在分析化学特别是分析化学预处理中有着广泛的应用，本文简单介绍了微波加热的原理及特点。综述了微波能在消化、干燥、蒸馏、萃取、衍生、解吸中的应用，并展望微波辅助样品预处理技术的发展前景。     

微波在医学上的应用

微波技术在制药工业上用于医药制品的干燥灭菌、中草药微波萃取.微波技术在医疗方面可进行微波理疗、配合放疗和化疗进行透热治癌;还可以利用微波加热血浆、解冻冷藏器官;还可设计微波手术刀,开刀止血快、出血量少.微波作为信息载体的一种成像手段,可以获得其他成像手段不能获得的生物体特性.     

微波与人体健康

微波是电子工业家庭中的一员,用于雷达、通讯及遥感;干燥木材、纸张、皮革、烟草、粮食、燃料、纺织品等;同时进入千家万户,在生活中微波烘箱可以烤面包、烤肉;微波理疗机也用于医疗。由于微波的广泛使用,接触微波辐射的人也就相应增加。微波辐射已成为危害人们身体健康的一种因素,因而在“联合国人类环境会议”上被列为必须控制的主要污染物之一。     

微波杀菌规律及其影响因素

微波消毒灭菌技术是在微波加热干燥技术基础上发展起来的。目前,微波在食品工业消毒方面已得到广泛地应用;医疗药品的微波消毒和灭菌亦获得很大成功。我国于七十年代开始生产微波加热设备,先后在南京、扬州、北京、青岛等城市建成微波食品消毒生产线。从1974～1993年先后举行六次全国微波能技术应用学术交流会,交流了一百多篇微波消毒学术论文,极大地推动了微波消毒的研究和发展。七十年代末,军事医学科学院在我国首先开展了微波对医疗用品灭菌效果的研究,八十年代研制成功了WBY-I型微波牙钻消毒器等医疗器械微波消毒专用设备。微波消毒灭菌技术的优点在于:(1)节能:微波穿     

微波幅射对人体健康影响的研究

<正> 随着科学技术的发展和工业化程度的提高,微波目前已普遍应用于电子工业、国防和科研上,如卫星、导弹、火箭、飞机的通讯、导航等,以及气象测报,微波理疗、针灸、消毒等,还可用来干燥皮革、粮食、育种等,甚至在生活上用于酿酒及烤肉糕点等。并已成功的用微波将太阳能运到了地球上。因此,随着微波的广泛使用,生产及生     

白矾的微波法煅制研究

目的:采用微波干燥技术,研究一种快速、经济的白矾煅制方法.方法:将一定质量的白矾置微波炉中加热,测定结晶水蒸发速度,然后从煅制效率和枯矾质量两方面与传统煅制方法、远红外方法、电热烘箱法进行比较,并初步建立了微波炮制品的质量标准.结果:微波法煅制白矾速度快,生产成本低,枯矾外观及水溶性好,生产环境污染小.结论:微波法是一种较理想的白矾煅制方法.     

微波幅射对生物体的危害

<正> 微波属电磁波的一种,其频率在0.3～300GHZ。按波长分为分米、厘米及毫米波。按波型分为脉冲波及连续波两种波型。随着科学技术的发展,微波普遍应用于电子工业、国防和科研上,如导弹、火箭、宇宙飞船和卫星通讯,新闻和报纸传真等。在医疗上微波作理疗、针灸,诊治癌症及其他疾病。工农业用于制药,干燥木材、纸张、皮革和粮食、育种等。生活上用微波酿酒和烤面包、糕点、肉类等各种食物。最近还利用微波将太阳能传送至地球上,作为能源使用,受微波辐射的人员相应日增,微波已成为危害人们健康的一种因素,生产及生活环境已严重地被微波污染,因此最近在联合国人类环境会议上微波被列为必须控制的“公害”。     

微波工作人员外周血T淋巴细胞观察

低剂量微波非电离辐射所致的生物效应研究是目前国内外关注的重点。为探讨低剂量微波辐射对人体免疫系统的影响,我们对本市某单位115名男性微波工作人员进行了外周血Ｔ淋巴细胞测定观察。1　对象与方法11　对象　本研究组为本市某单位,微波漏能功率密度在1～50μＷｃｍ-2之间男性微波工作人员115名,年龄为22～60岁,平均410岁,微波工龄1～40年,平均186年;对照组为无微波和毒物接触史,身体健康的本市男性人员101名,年龄20～60岁,平均415岁。12　方法121　标本制备　对两组人员分别取外周血,涂血片、干燥、固定、卵育、染色。本文采用ａ—醋酸…     

临床生化检验新技术：干式生化分析

介绍了多层膜法（干片）的原理、结构和功能及ＶＩＴＲＯＳ２５０干式生化分析系统的优缺点。     

微波和激光治疗手部寻常疣的疗效比较

目的比较微波和CO2激光治疗手部寻常疣的疗效。方法随机分成微波组182例,共52个较小疣体、349个较大疣体,激光组161例,共55个较小疣体、335个较大疣体,对比两组的治疗时间、创口愈合时间、复发率、治愈率。结果较小寻常疣两组的各项指标无显著差异性,较大寻常疣微波组较激光组治疗时间短、创口愈合时间短、理想治愈率高,复发率无显著性差异。结论手部较大寻常疣应首选微波治疗。     

Effects of temperature and humidification in the office environment

In this investigation, the authors evaluated the relationship between temperature and (a) Sick Building Syndrome symptoms and (b) workers' perceptions of air dryness in environments with and without humidification. The authors studied the average intensity of symptoms and perceptions of dry air relative to room temperature in humidified and nonhumidified conditions. During the 6 wk of the experiment, 2 wings of the building were humidified one-by-one for 1 wk, followed by a week without humidification. A total of 230 daily questionnaires were completed during the nonhumidified period, and 233 were completed during the humidified period. The results were analyzed with linear regression analysis, and the average intensity of dryness symptoms and sensations of dryness increased with each unit increase in temperature above 22 degrees C, both in the humidified and nonhumidified conditions. Sick Building Syndrome symptoms increased relative only to temperature during the period of no humidification. In conclusion, temperatures above 22 degrees C caused increased dryness symptoms and a sensation of dryness, independent of humidification. The overall intensity of Sick Building Syndrome symptoms increased only when indoor air was not humidified.     

Effects of Temperature and Humidification in the Office Environment

In this investigation, the authors evaluated the relationship between temperature and (a) Sick Building Syndrome symptoms and (b) workers' perceptions of air dryness in environments with and without humidification. The authors studied the average intensity of symptoms and perceptions of dry air relative to room temperature in humidified and nonhumidified conditions. During the 6 wk of the experiment, 2 wings of the building were humidified one-by-one for 1 wk, followed by a week without humidification. A total of 230 daily questionnaires were completed during the nonhumidified period, and 233 were completed during the humidified period. The results were analyzed with linear regression analysis, and the average intensity of dryness symptoms and sensations of dryness increased with each unit increase in temperature above 22 °C, both in the humidified and nonhumidified conditions. Sick Building Syndrome symptoms increased relative only to temperature during the period of no humidification. In conclusion, temperatures above 22 °C caused increased dryness symptoms and a sensation of dryness, independent of humidification. The overall intensity of Sick Building Syndrome symptoms increased only when indoor air was not humidified.     

微波与X线联合辐射的实验研究——对小鼠血液系统的影响

为评价微波与X线对机体的联合作用,选用BALB/c小鼠48只,等分成四组:微波组(3GHz脉冲微波、强度3～4.8mW/cm~2),X线组(剂量约每周15R),联合组(微波与X线同时辐射,强度及剂量同上)及假辐射组,每天辐射1.5小时,每周6天,共10周。与假辐射组比较,除微波组于辐射第6、9周末出现白细胞数升高外,其余血液学指标、血细胞组织化学在微波组、X线组及联合组中均未见明显改变。本实验提示低强度微波与低剂量X线短期联合辐射未显示明显的协同作用。     

芩丹颗粒对高强度微波辐射小鼠免疫功能的影响

[目的]探讨高强度微波辐射对小鼠免疫功能的影响及自制药物芩丹颗粒对辐射损伤的保护作用。[方法]构建小鼠高强度微波辐射模型,以自制药物芩丹颗粒进行干预,应用ELISA-双抗夹心法,分别测定各组小鼠细胞因子(IL-1、IL-2、IL-6、IFN-α、TNF)的活性。[结果]高强度微波辐照后,小鼠细胞因子(IL-1、IL-2、IL-6、IFN-α、TNF)活性显著降低。应用芩丹颗粒预防给药或辐射后治疗用药,都可提高小鼠以上细胞因子的活性。[结论]高强度微波辐射可引起小鼠细胞因子IL-1、IL-2、IL-6、IFN-α、TNF的活性显著降低,芩丹颗粒可增强微波辐射后小鼠的免疫功能,对微波辐射损伤具有一定的预防和治疗作用。     

宫颈电环切除术和宫颈微波术治疗慢性宫颈炎的疗效观察

目的探讨宫颈电环切除术(LEEP)和宫颈微波术对慢性宫颈炎疗效,以寻求更好的治疗方法。方法采用宫颈LEEP术和宫颈微波术对168例慢性宫颈炎患者进行治疗,对两种治疗方法进行比较。结果宫颈LEEP术治愈率96.2%(74/78),宫颈微波术治愈率84.4%(76/90)。两种方法治愈率比较,p<0.05。而且LEEP不影响病理诊断,对宫颈病变能起到诊断与治疗的双重功效。两组患者于术后1~2周阴道开始出血,持续3~16天。大多数患者术后阴道分泌物增多,持续4~18天。两组比较,p>0.05。结论两种治疗方法疗效有明显差异,但不良反应无显著性差异。     

食品中稀土总量测定方法

<正> 本文介绍稀土三元络合物于水溶液中直接用分光光度法测定食品中稀土总量。本方法应用偶氮类试剂(胂Ⅲ、胂K)按比例混合作为络合试剂;利用磺基水杨酸与抗坏血酸作为掩蔽剂和采用基线法测定来消除干扰因素。方法比用萃取分光光度法测定较为简便,仪器设备简单方法灵敏度0.01μg/ml,最低检出0.05ppm,平均回收率91.9％(n=14)。     

The effect of air humidification on symptoms and perception of indoor air quality in office workers: a six-period cross-over trial.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of air humidification on (a) the dryness of the skin and mucosa, (b) allergic and asthmatic reactions, and (c) the perception of indoor air quality. A total of 290 office workers at the Pasila Office Center were included in a six-period cross-over trial. One wing of the building was operated with 30-40% humidification, and the other wing operated under conditions of no air humidification (relative humidity from natural conditions was 20-30%). The length of each study period was 1 work wk. The workers were instructed to keep a structured daily diary of their symptoms, their perception of the indoor air, and potential determinants of the symptoms. A total of 211 (72.6%) workers who returned at least two weekly diaries, and who had experienced both humidified and nonhumidified conditions, were included in the analyses. The primary outcome--dryness symptom score--was characterized by dryness, irritation or itching of the skin and eyes, dryness or irritation of the throat, and nasal dryness. Means of the daily symptom scores and perception ratings during the humidified and nonhumidified periods were calculated for each participant, and intraindividual differences in the means were used to assess the effect of air humidification. The dryness symptom score was significantly smaller during the humidified phase than during the reference phase (paired t test; p less than .05). Allergic symptoms that were considered as a separate outcome, a sensation of dryness, and draft were also significantly less frequent during the humidification phase (p less than .05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

微波急性辐照对大鼠体内必需元素分布的影响

用Ｘ波段脉冲微波辐照大鼠２ｈ，观察对心、肝、肺、肾、睾丸及眼球中必需元素分布的影响。结果表明，高功率微波辐照后，大鼠眼球中必需元素含量有显著变化，Ｆｅ的含量显著下降（Ｐ＜０．０５），Ｚｎ、Ｃｕ、Ｃａ、Ｍｇ、Ｋ、Ｎａ含量降低非常显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）。心、肺中Ｚｎ含量降低，Ｃｕ显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０５）。各器官中Ｍｇ、Ｎａ含量降低，而肝、肾中Ｃａ含量显著增高（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结果提示，高功率微波急性辐照后可造成大鼠体内必需元素的再分布，尤其眼球中的变化最为显著，这一现象的机制有待进一步深入研究。