铝合金变极性等离子弧平焊工艺

分析了薄板铝合金变极性等离子弧平焊工艺稳定性机理。试验采用自行研制的变极性等离子弧焊接电源,对1060铝合金薄板采用变极性等离子弧平焊工艺,分析了在变极性等离子弧焊接过程中,焊接电流、离子气流量、送丝速度等参数对焊缝成形的影响,获得了良好的焊缝质量。     

基于小孔特征图像处理的变极性等离子弧焊接工艺研究

铝合金变极性等离子弧焊是一种新型高效的焊接方法。针对等离子弧对焊接工艺参数的变化比较敏感的问题,建立了视觉传感系统用于实时采集和处理小孔图像,通过大量的焊接工艺试验探讨了等离子弧焊工艺参数对小孔特征及焊缝成型的影响。结果表明,采用合理的焊接参数并结合背面小孔视觉特征,可以实现铝合金的穿孔型变极性等离子焊接,并能够稳定地控制焊接过程。     

AZ31B镁合金厚板变极性等离子加丝焊接及工艺研究

采用变极性等离子焊接方法对AZ31B镁合金进行焊接,通过观察AZ31B镁合金变极性等簿子焊接现象,探讨了变极性等离子工艺参数(焊接电流、等离子气流量、焊接速度、送丝速度等)对焊缝成形的影响.试验表明,AZ31B镁合金变极性等离子焊接时将产生烟雾,焊缝正反两面都需要氩气保护,镁合金变极性等离子焊接的工艺范围较宽,通过选择适当的工艺参数可以获得理想的焊缝成形.     

2A14铝合金变极性等离子横向焊缝成形特点

对6 mm厚2A14铝合金变极性等离子弧横向焊接的难点及焊接工艺参数的特点进行了研究,通过横向焊穿孔熔池受力分析,阐释了变极性等离子横向焊缝成形缺陷产生的原因.变极性等离子弧横向焊接的难点是焊缝正面和背面的咬边缺陷及焊缝上部(靠近熔合线)宏观气孔的聚集.稍小的焊接线能量有利于消除横向焊缝正面咬边缺陷,稍大的焊接线能量有利于消除焊缝背面咬边缺陷.分析认为变极性等离子横向焊缺陷的产生与穿孔熔池受力平衡及重力方向改变导致的流动密切相关.     

中国机械工程学会焊接学会第四届学术会议论文文摘选登(五)

铝合金等离子弧焊接的研究——反极性等离子弧小孔焊本文用反极性等离子弧对中厚度铝合金板单面焊反面自由成形进行了研究。设计了水冷铜电极等离子弧焊枪,研究了中等厚度铝合金板反极性(电极为正极)等离子弧小孔焊的特点、成形规范和各种工艺因素的影响。采用水冷铜电极的反接等离子弧小孔焊电弧稳定,能有效破除铝氧化膜,在焊缝边缘有很宽的阴极清理区,背面焊道也能良好成形。但为了得到不起皱的光滑背面焊道和防止气孔,需加背面保护。焊缝横断面形状与正极性等离子弧焊接不同,不是指状(或酒杯状),而是上下宽度较接近的腰鼓形。研究了铝合金反极性等离子弧小孔焊的主要焊接参数:电流、离子气流量、焊接速度间的相互关系,找出了小孔焊     

厚板铝合金变极性等离子弧焊工艺

分析铝镁合金的焊接特性和变极性等离子弧焊的焊接特点及氩-氦电弧的特性,依据8～12 mm板厚5083的焊接经验,选用变极性等离子弧焊,分别采用氩气、氩气+氦气作为保护气体,对16 mm厚的5083铝合金进行焊接试验,通过优化焊接工艺参数,获得良好的焊缝成形;按JB/T 4730《承压设备无损检测》的要求对获得的焊接接头进行射线检测和渗透检测,通过机械性能试验验证焊接接头的机械性能,各项检测及试验结果均符合NB/T 47014《承压设备焊接工艺评定》的要求,获得的焊接工艺规范参数在高压封闭电器外壳筒体的焊接中稳定应用。     

铝合金变极性等离子弧穿孔焊过程控制

分析了铝合金变极性等离子弧穿孔立焊工艺特点,提出了通过对焊接参数的精确控制,实现变断面铝合金变极性等离子弧穿孔立焊工艺的方法,并将焊接电流、离子气流量和焊接速度确定为变断面铝合金变极性等离子弧穿孔立焊过程的被调节参数.保持穿孔熔池上"热"和"力"的动态平衡是调节焊接参数的根本依据,是实现变断面试件自动焊接的关键所在.采用单片机为核心的控制器对焊接参数进行实时调节,动态保持穿孔熔池上热和力平衡,实现了变断面铝合金变极性等离子弧穿孔立焊工艺.     

焊接参数对铝合金VPPA焊缝成形的影响

在铝合金变极性等离子弧穿孔立焊过程中,正、反极性电流和离子气流量等焊接参数对焊缝成形和焊缝质量都有显著影响,这些焊接参数的合理匹配是保证穿孔过程和焊缝稳定成形的重要前提.试验采用厚度10 mm的LD10铝合金板作为焊接母材,重点研究了焊接电流和离子气流量对焊缝质量的影响,分析了正、反极性电流的幅值和时间比对焊缝成形的影响规律.研究结果表明:随着焊接电流的增大,焊缝背面熔宽和余高增大,正面熔宽增大而余高减小;随着离子气流量的增大,焊缝背面余高和宽度增加,正面余高和宽度减小.     

有关铝合金焊接的文献

正2A14铝合金变极性等离子横向焊缝成形特点/张勤练,等.焊接学报,2013,34(9):79-82.对6 mm厚2A14铝合金变极性等离子弧横向焊接的难点及焊接工艺参数的特点进行了研究,通过横向焊穿孔熔池受力分析,阐释了变极性等离子横向焊缝成形缺陷产生的原因。变极性等离子弧横向焊接的难点是焊缝正面和背面的咬边缺陷及焊缝上部(靠近熔合线)宏观气孔的聚集。稍小的焊接线能量有利于消除横向     

铝及铝合金的变极性等离子焊接设备与工艺

通过铝及铝合金焊接特点的分析,比较TIG、MIG、PAW不同焊接方法的优缺点;对不同板厚的防锈铝进行大量的变极性等离子焊接工艺试验,总结出变极性等离子焊接铝合金开设备的要求,以及分析等离子焊接工艺参数对成形的影响,制定了一套成熟的焊接工艺参数。试验结果表明：立焊变极性等离子焊接中厚板铝及铝合金有着明显的工艺优势,可以实现单面焊双面成形,焊前清理要求低,焊缝可达到Ⅰ级。     

VPPAW技术25mm厚壁铝壳体中的应用

针对25 mm厚的5083铝合金试板,进行了TIG、MIG、VPPAW+TIG三种不同方法的焊接试验,通过对其焊接接头的力学性能对比分析,确定出同样厚度的大型铝合金壳体更适于采用VPPAW+TIG的焊接方法,并通过试验制定出合理的焊接工艺,解决厚壁铝壳体的焊接容易出现气孔、热裂纹、变形、过烧等质量缺陷和生产效率低下的问题,焊后经检测,焊缝均达到Ⅰ级,生产效率提高两倍以上。     

2219铝合金不同气氛下TIG焊焊接接头组织性能

为研究氦弧TIG焊焊缝质量,对比分析了2219铝合金氦弧TIG焊与氩弧TIG焊焊缝成形及组织性能.结果表明,在背部熔宽相同的条件下,氦弧TIG焊焊缝正面熔宽、下塌量及热影响区宽度均小于氩弧TIG焊,氦弧TIG焊与氩弧TIG焊焊缝的微观组织及第二相组织基本相似,焊缝区晶粒为等轴晶,热影响区晶粒为粗大的板条状,组织为粗大的α铝基体与金属间化合物Al₂Cu及少量的共晶组织,焊缝区的第二相组织明显多于热影响区,无法发挥弥散强化的作用.氦弧TIG焊与氩弧TIG焊焊接接头的断裂方式均为韧性断裂,抗拉强度基本保持一致,氦弧TIG焊焊接接头的断裂总延伸率高于氩弧TIG焊,维氏硬度高于氩弧TIG焊焊缝的硬度.     

Arc pressure and weld metal fluid flow while using alternating shielding gases. Part 1: arc pressure measurement

Abstract

As part of an ongoing process to fully evaluate the effects of an alternating shielding gas supply on gas shielded welding processes, a comparison between the arc pressures generated using argon, helium, alternating shielding gases and pulsed gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) has been conducted. Arc pressure variation and peaking are two of the fundamental phenomena produced during the alternating shielding gas process and are said to help create a stirring action within the liquid weld metal. However, there are no published data on arc pressure measurements during an alternating shielding gas supply, and consequently, these phenomena are based solely on theoretical assumptions. The experimental measurements made have shown that alternating shielding gases produce considerably higher arc pressures than argon, helium and pulsed GTAW due to a surge at weld initiation. The transient arc pressure measurements made when using alternating shielding gases are also considerably different from the theoretical assumptions previously reported.     

铝合金三元气体保护焊温度场及接头组织特征

针对铝合金三元气体保护焊力学性能提升原因分析的需求,使用测温系统采集铝合金纯氩气体保护、三元气体保护焊接的热循环曲线,分析焊接温度场特征的差异. 研究发现三元气体保护焊温度场更加集中,峰值温度更高,降温速率更快. 对纯氩气体保护、三元气体保护焊接头进行染色法观察发现,三元气体保护堆焊时晶粒更大,气孔率更低;对接焊时,三元气体保护焊接头的半熔化区存在晶界液化现象,三元气体保护焊的晶界液化现象更加严重,半熔化区宽度更窄. 结果表明,焊接温度场是引起焊接接头力学性能提升的根本原因.     

The effect of alternate supply of shielding gases in austenite stainless steel GTA welding

Welding system has now been concentrated on the development of new process to achieve cost savings, higher productivity and better quality in manufacturing industry. Discrete alternate supply of shielding gas is a new technology that alternately supplies the different kinds of shielding gases in weld zone. As the new developed methods compared to the previous general welding with a mixing supply of shielding gas, it cannot only increase the welding quality, but also reduce the energy by 20% and the emission rate of fume. As a result, under the same welding conditions, compared with the welding by supplying pure argon, argon + 67% helium mixture by conventional method and the welding by supplying alternately pure argon and pure helium by alternate method showed the increased welding speed. Also, the alternate method showed the same welding speed with argon + 67% helium mixture without largely deteriorating of weld penetration. The alternate method with argon and helium compared with the conventional methods of pure argon and argon + 67% helium mixture produced the lowest degree of welding distortion.     

Effects of shielding gas composition on arc characteristics and droplet transfer in tandem narrow gap GMA welding

The effects of shielding gas composition in tandem narrow gap gas metal arc welding were studied. The shielding gas included argon, carbon dioxide and helium. The arc characteristics and droplet transfer process were analysed. The results show that in the same welding parameters, the trail wire welding current is higher than the lead wire welding current. With the increase of carbon dioxide content, the welding currents of two wires decrease, and the trail wire droplet transfer mode transforms from spray transfer to projected transfer. With the increase of helium content, the welding currents increase and the lead wire droplet transfer mode transforms from projected transfer to spray transfer. The weld width is the largest when the shielding gas mixture is 80%Ar10%CO₂10%He.     

Characteristics of alternate supply of shielding gases in aluminum GMA welding

Recently, unlike conventional method in supplying shielding gas, a newly method which alternately supplies different kinds of shielding gases in weld zone is developed and partly commercialized. However, literature related to the present status of the technology in the actual weld field is very scant. To give better understand on this technology, this study was performed. Compared with conventional gas supply method, the variations of weld porosity and weld shape in aluminum welding with alternate supply method of pure argon and pure helium were compared with conventional gas supply method with pure argon and argon + 67%helium mixture, respectively. As a result, compared with the welding by supplying pure argon and argon + 67%helium mixture by conventional method, the welding by supplying alternately pure argon and pure helium, produced lower degree of weld porosity and deeper and broader weld penetration profile.     

CO_2气保焊在承压设备制造中的应用

分析气保焊弯曲试验产生裂纹的原因,确定裂纹并非因焊缝组织不合格、焊缝不致密或塑性差引起,而是焊工操作产生的焊接缺陷导致,采取适当措施后可以避免弯曲裂纹。指出气保焊若要在承压设备制造中推广使用,焊工操作水平是关键,重要焊缝应采取RT+UT检测;此外市售实心焊丝品种较少是制约CO_2气保焊在承压设备制造中推广应用的瓶颈。本试验对提高承压设备气保焊的焊接质量有积极意义。     

磁力驱动泵隔离套平焊工艺设计及焊接参数分析

为降低现有磁力驱动泵隔离套的加工成本并提高生产效率,设计了一套便于加工、节约成本和时间的焊接工艺装备。利用该装备研究了不锈钢钨极氩弧焊焊接时,焊接电流、氩气流量及钨极锥角等工艺参数对焊缝成型的影响,并得出相关焊接数据。研究结果表明,通过调节各工艺参数及利用各参数间的相互配合,焊接电流为110A,氩气流量为10L/min,钨极锥角取45°时,焊缝成型效果较为理想。