Ag/AgCl和碳纤维海洋电场电极的探测特性研究

使用烧结法制备了Ag/AgCl固态不极化海洋电场电极,利用聚丙烯腈碳纤维T300制备了电容型海洋电场电极。研究了不极化电极和电容型电极探测海洋电场的原理,提出了两种电极的使用方法并研究了其探测性能。使用电化学工作站对两种电极进了循环伏安测量和电极对极差跟踪;使用低频低噪声放大器对两种电极的自噪声稳定速度和大小进行对比测量;在自制水槽中测试了两种电极在不同频率下的响应性能。试验结果表明两种电极均可测量1 m Hz以上的交变海洋电场;相比于Ag/AgCl电极,碳纤维电极具有极差小和自噪声稳定速度快的特点;稳定后两种电极的自噪声均为1 n V/√Hz@1 Hz。     

可测量法向力和剪切力的带屏蔽软体电容传感器

软体电容传感器因其高柔顺性和高灵敏度等特征在人机交互、可穿戴设备和软体机器人中有很好的应用前景,然而电容检测很容易受到外界电磁场的干扰,因此提出了一种带屏蔽的软体电容传感器。为了能够同时检测法向压力和剪切压力,设计了一种三电极的双电容结构,同时在传感器上下表面添加屏蔽层来屏蔽外界电磁场干扰。为解决因屏蔽层变形产生的寄生电容对检测电容的影响,提出了一种刚度分层的方法,电极之间的电介质感知区域采用一种厚度仅约0.6mm的硅胶海绵结构,而电极和屏蔽层之间采用实心硅胶,从而保证按压传感器时感知区域的变形远大于屏蔽层。实验结果表明,传感器可以同时检测法向压力和剪切压力的变化,法向灵敏度可达到0.12kPa^-1,单位剪切压强的电容变化达10fF,与不带屏蔽的传感器相比,该传感器可将交流高压(1400 V)电场引起的噪声减小到9%。这种带屏蔽的传感器在电吸附皮肤、软体机器人、可穿戴医疗设备等电磁干扰较强的环境中具有潜在的应用价值。     

电容层析成像系统中径向电极的研究

由于电容层析成像系统中电容测量非常困难,常采用在相邻电极间嵌入径向电极的方法来改善电容敏感场的分布.文中对8电极电容层析成像系统进行了具体的仿真实验和理论分析,并对径向电极及其嵌入尺寸对电容传感器的电容值及敏感场分布的影响进行了研究,根据各项参数对电容传感器性能的影响以及传感器结构参数的优化目标函数,确定了径向电极的最优嵌入尺寸.实验结果表明:采用径向电极最优嵌入尺寸的电容层析成像系统,能够缩小测量电容值的动态变化范围,降低数据采集电路的设计难度,同时还能够提高电容响应的灵敏度,改善电容传感器敏感场的分布,提高电容层析成像系统的性能.     

电容式大测深绝缘纸板微水份测量传感器

介绍一种测量深度较大的电容式微水份传感器，它利用同一平面上两平行浮动电极形成的边缘电场感应被测纸板较深处的水份变化，在低频正弦驱动源的作用下，从由传感器和绝缘纸板构成的等效阻容耦合电路的输出电压中得到与绝缘纸板微水份有关的幅值和相差角，利用特定的函数关系得出绝缘纸板含水质量分数。在结构设计上充分考虑了厚绝缘纸板微水份测量的特点，使该传感器满足了灵敏度高、测量深度大、性能稳定和安装方便的设计要求：由它构成的微水份测量系统，可以用于现场干燥过程中的变压器绝缘纸板微水份检测。     

小管径管道气液两相流空隙率电容传感器设计

为了测量微小管道(内径5 mm)中气液两相流的空隙率,设计了具有螺旋结构电极的电容传感器。对螺旋电极电容传感器的螺距和电极宽度2个主要结构参数进行了仿真研究,结果表明当螺距在1.625~2.85倍管径、电极宽度在0.200~0.280倍螺距之间变化时,最大检测场均匀性误差小于25%,流型变化对空隙率的测量结果影响不大。静态实验结果表明,具有最优结构参数的传感器在分层流的空隙率测量中表现出了很好的线性特性。     

非闭合电极电容传感器在电容层析成像中的应用

提出了一种新型的非闭合电极电容传感器，以满足利用电容层析成像技术来测试冻土中水分迁移、物质组成及其动态变化特性的要求，对该电容传感器的敏感场进行了计算，并对其进行了成像仿真研究。结果表明：该电容传感器可以实现测试区域内不同形状物体的测量及图像重建，其中Landweber成像算法对该传感器成像质量最好，从而为利用电容层析成像技术来进行冻土测试提供了实验基础。     

矩形电容层析成像传感器仿真模拟和实验测量

常规电容层析成像传感器为规则对称方形或圆形结构,其测量和成像算法已相对成熟.由于受循环流化床旋风分离器入口结构段的限制,上述传感器结构已不能应用在旋风分离器入口段的测量,因此为了研究大型化循环流化床多旋风分离器并联布置入口段固体颗粒浓度分布,提出和设计了一种矩形非常规电容传感器,该传感器为12电极结构,在每个入口段的短边布置2个电极,长边布置4个电极,成像敏感场仿真计算基于Ansoft-Maxwell软件.对此传感器进行了静态仿真模拟研究和静态实验测量,对不同激励电压和频率测量结果进行分析,并对测量结果进行误差分析,得到矩形不规则电容传感器最佳测量参数(激励电压和频率),并对循环流化床分离器入口段进行了动态测量.结果表明,这种矩形非常规电容传感器可以用于循环流化床冷态试验台的旋风分离器入口段的直接测量,测量结果对改进旋风分离器的布置方式有参考意义.     

非闭合电极电容层析成像传感器的敏感场计算及仿真成像研究

本文提出了一种新型的非闭合电极电容传感器，以满足利用电容层析成像技术来测试冻土中水分迁移、物质组成及其动态变化特性的要求，对该电容传感器的敏感场进行了计算，并对其进行了成像仿真研究。结果表明，该种电容传感器可以实现测试区域内不同形状物体的测量及图像重建，其中Landweber成像算法对该传感器成像质量最好，从而为利用电容层析成像技术来进行冻土测试提供了实验基础。     

用替代网络-四电极-半桥技术测量发酵液的电导率和电容率

提出了用替代网络－四电极－半桥技术测量发酵液的电导率和电容率的方法和电路。由于流过测量电路的电流近似为零,因此消除了电极极化电压对测量结果的影响,提高测量的精度。     

一种新型电容式空隙率传感器仿真研究

该文提出了一种侵入式多环套状结构电极的电容传感器,并研究它对气液两相流空隙率测量的可行性。通过建立多环套状电容传感器装置的有限元仿真数学模型,运用ANSYS软件对电容传感器有限元模型进行了二维静电场仿真。其分析了极板间的电位分布,计算不同相分布下传感器的电容及变化量,分析空隙率的设定值与仿真值对比结果,并以层流和环流为例比较并分析传感器的灵敏度以及受流型的影响。仿真结果表明,多环套状电极结构电容传感器可运用于两相流的空隙率测量技术上,为多环套状电极结构电容传感器的设计提供了部分理论依据。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisci...     

考虑进油孔有限长滑动轴承油膜力的近似解析解

针对具有进油孔的有限长滑动轴承油膜力求解问题,采用变分原理和分离变量法,求得了有限长滑动轴承油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式。将油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式在油膜存在区域上进行积分,即得到了油膜力。将提出的计算有限长滑动轴承油膜力方法与无限长轴承模型、有限元方法的计算结果进行了比较,发现了提出的方法与有限元方法的计算结果很接近。最后,研究了进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域、油膜力等的影响,研究结果表明进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域和油膜力有较大的影响。     

Fifth International Summer School on Screw-Theory Based Methods in Robotics

正3-11 September,2014University of Bologna,Bologna,Italy www.summerscrews.org summerscrews2014.ing.unibo.it SUMMER 20SCREWS 14In 2014,our screw-theory school comes to the world's oldest university.In early September,Summer Screws'14 will gather six experts in the application of screw theory in robotics and up to 40 participants at the University of Bologna,Bologna,Italy.The school will teach attendees how to apply existing methods and empower them to develop new ones in their own research.The basic theoretical notions will be introduced in a rigorous manner,emphasizing examples,applications,and exercises.Scholarships are available.     

三绕组变压器的双绕组等效建模及在Matpower中的应用

针对实际电网存在着大量的三绕组变压器,但国际上一些著名商业软件,如BPA仿真软件、Matpower这一权威潮流计算开源软件,均只提供双绕组变压器模型,限制了其在具有三绕组变压器的电力系统中的应用的问题,潮流计算是自主开发的电力系统各种应用软件的核心模块,因此依托国际权威开源程序进行二次开发,是一种较好的选择。对Matpower要求的数据格式进行了归纳,对变压器的一般的等值电路及带理想变压器的等值电路和带标幺值的等值电路进行了分析研究,提出了三绕组变压器转换为双绕组等效模型的建模方法,使得原先只适应双绕组变压器的潮流计算软件可以适用于三绕组变压器电网的潮流计算;最后以Matpower软件为例进行了案例计算,并用PSASP仿真软件进行对比验证。研究结果证明,所提出的建模方法是有效的。     

On the Relation of Load to Average Gap in the Contact Between Surfaces with Longitudinal Roughness

A computer simulation model for the contact between longitudinally-oriented rough surfaces has been formulated. This model closely duplicates the actual surf ace contact deformation behavior by taking into account the elastic interactions between the asperities. There were no assumptions made about the shapes, or any deformation behavior of the asperities, except for their obeying the laws of elasticity. The plastic deformations on the high asperity peaks were taken into account by setting a ceiling on their contact pressures at the material hardness value. The simulations used real surface profiles which were digitized from unworn circumferentially ground steel surfaces. Each pair of these profiles was mathematically combined to form an equivalent rough profile pressing against an infinitely rigid flat and having the appropriately adjusted elastic modulus. A total of 28 different pairs of profiles were used in the simulations. Each contacting pair was subjected to 30 different load levels and the local contact pressures and deformations were calculated. The contact simulations yielded some important mathematical relationships between parameters, such as the real area of contact, average gap, and average asperity load through statistical curve fitting. Two analytical functions were generated to relate the average load to average gap and the real area of contact to load.     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING AND VISUALISATION-A PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVE

Taking the actual project of teaching and researching process for example, the relationship between the industrial engineering and product development is discussed. And use the novel visualization technology to support the industrial engineering and product development. How to use the new computer modeling and simulating technologies to support the product development and industrial engineering, is introduced especially. The support includes both domestic products and industrial systems. The visualization and computer technologies take a very important role in some system or multi-direction modeling, those technologies mentioned above can help the industrial engineers study the effect of design on the whole life circle, including the producing steps. So the engineers can avoid making the wrong decision which may cause bad effects on the whole industrial engineering.     

电站锅炉模糊风险评价方法研究与应用

针对电站锅炉风险等级评价问题,将模糊综合评价技术应用到电站锅炉风险等级评价中。开展了电站锅炉失效影响因素及模糊评价因素的重要程度分析,建立了一套科学合理适于在线评价的电站锅炉风险评价体系,提出了模糊综合评价技术与改进的模糊层次分析法相结合的模糊风险评价方法,利用改进的模糊层次分析法计算了指标体系中各层指标权重。对某一台电站锅炉的实际运行工况影响子因素进行了模糊风险评价,采用模糊合成算子进行模糊综合运算得到电了站锅炉运行工况影响子因素的评价向量。研究结果表明:电站锅炉的运行工况影响子因素的风险评价等级为第6级,失效可能性等级为小,该电站锅炉运行工况良好。     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...