磁偏转线圈的优化设计

本文由谢志行等(1987)给出的场参数表达式,借助正交设计法,对带屏蔽筒鞍形偏转线圈进行了优化设计,所得结果与实际模型相符。指出了鞍形偏转线圈的端耳效应和场参数B0(z)分布对象差的重要贡献。例示了有限长余弦分布绕组与分布式绕组之间电子光学性能的比较。     

脉冲偏转放大器的设计与实现

静态偏转光点是确保光点测试的准确性和可靠性的重要方法之一。本文介绍一种高稳定性的脉冲偏转放大器，其特点是分别提供行、帧偏转线圈不同脉宽且可变幅度的驱动电流，使偏转线圈工作于脉冲静态偏转状态。测试实验表明这种脉冲偏转放大器是一种静态偏转光点的十分有效的测量设备。     

电视机偏转线圈噪声分析仪的研制

主要介绍电视机偏转线圈的一个噪声分析方案以及据此研制出来的噪声分析仪,用以分析偏转线圈所发出噪声的频谱分布,从而为偏转线圈的质量判定提供依据     

Electron optical system for microfabrication with 10 000 lines per field

An electron-beam system for use in microfabrication is described. Postlens deflection coils have been used with dynamic correction of the final lens to obtain an electron optical resolving power of about 10 000 lines over a 1 × 1 cm field.     

涡旋线圈解析建模的电磁补偿结构设计与应用

基于空间向量积分法建立了共轴涡旋结构载流线圈的解析模型,计算了磁场及磁力,并对特殊取值下的磁场空间分布进行了数值分析和讨论。基于仿真结果,提出线圈密绕情况下的近似模型并进行了相应的误差分析。结果表明,所提模型可有效地直接对磁场分布进行近似,但需对受力近似进行一定的补偿。     

A system for the exposure of small laboratory animals to a 25-mT60-Hz alternating or traveling magnetic field

A versatile exposure system which can be used to investigate the effects of a 60-Hz alternating magnetic field or traveling magnetic field on small laboratory animals is described. Special attention was given to the design of the electric circuit to simplify the supply requirements and to keep the overall current to a minimum. A magnetic field having a flux density up to 30 mT (300 G) can be generated, and a traveling magnetic field is obtained by reconnecting the coils to a three-phase supply. The total magnetic field due to the currents in the three coils used in the exposure system is analyzed. A computer program was written to evaluate the magnetic field in the region where the animals are located. The difference observed between measured and computed values is attributed to the representation of the multiturn, multilayer coils by equivalent single-turn coils     

头盔式动态可变多通道经颅磁刺激线圈的设计

为了实现真正意义上的动态可变多通道经颅磁刺激(TMS),首次提出了头盔式网状线圈的设计理念。基于该理念设计的TMS 线圈系统,可以在全头范围内实现多通道经颅磁刺激,而且在线圈定位、分辨率等方面得到极大改善,同时还可以实现刺激部位、面积、方式和强度的实时动态可变性。建立了人体头颅电磁模型来模拟TMS 线圈产生的诱导电流分布,同时还对线圈产生的诱导磁场分布进行了实际测量,模拟与实测结果均与理论值相符,证明了该设计的有效性与可行性。     

Air core coils for deflecting micron-size electron beams

Bobbin-type air core coils have been designed and experimentally evaluated for astigmatic properties in line scan operation over deflection angles of ± 20°. The approximate design technique is successful in specifying the proper operating focal distance when this is comparable to the coil length. Line fields in excess of 20 000 spot diameters have been measured using a 10 kV beam having a 5 × 10-³radian convergence half-angle.     

Numerical simulation of SAR and B1-field inhomogeneityof shielded RF coils loaded with the human head

The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method is combined with the method of moments (MoM) to compute the electromagnetic fields of shielded radio-frequency (RF) coils loaded with an anatomically accurate model of a human head for high-frequency magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) applications. The combined method can predict both the specific energy absorption rate (SAR) and the magnetic field (known as the B₁ field) excited by any RF coils. Results for SAR and B₁ field distribution, excited by shielded and end-capped birdcage coils, are calculated at 64, 128, 171, and 256 MHz. The results show that the value of SAR increases when the frequency of the B₁ field increases and the B₁ field exhibits a strong inhomogeneity at high frequencies     

Analytical and experimental investigation on the magnetic field and torque of a permanent magnet spherical actuator

This paper presents the torque model of a ball-joint-like three-degree-of-freedom (3-DOF) permanent magnet (PM) spherical actuator. This actuator features a ball-shaped rotor with multiple PM poles and a spherical stator with circumferential air-core coils. An analytical expression of the magnetic field of the rotor is obtained based on Laplace's equation. Based on this expression and properties of air-core stator coils, Lorentz force law is employed for the study of the relationship between the rotor torque and coil input currents. By using linear superposition, the expression of the actuator torque in terms of current input to the stator coils can be obtained in a matrix form. The linear expression of the actuator torque will facilitate real-time motion control of the actuator as a servo system. Experimental works are carried out to measure the actual magnetic field distribution of the PM rotor in three-dimensional (3-D) space as well as to measure the actual 3-D motor torque generated by the actuator coils. The measurement results were coincident with analytical study on the rotor magnetic field distribution and actuator torque expressions. The linearity and superposition of the actuator torque were also verified through the experiments.     

Numerical computation of the deflection fields in magnetic yokes with wedged coil-sections and in electrostatic deflectors with planar electrodes

The computational methods of deflection fields in magnetic yokes with wedged coil-sections and electrostatic deflectors with planar electrodes are discussed. The magnetic yokes with wedged coil-sections can be combined into various shapes of magnetic deflectors, which may offer a variety of choices for adjusting the deflection field distributions to reduce the deflection aberrations more effectively. An advantage of the planar electrostatic deflectors is the simplicity in structure, which might allow the deflectors to be used in the deflection array of multi-electron beam lithography systems. Based on the methods described in this paper two computer programs have been developed. As examples, the deflection field distribution of some typical deflectors have been computed.     

阴极射线管(CRT)显示器信息电磁泄漏频谱分析方法

CRT显示器偏转系统和电子束的电磁辐射会导致信息泄漏。本文提出一种分析CRT显示器信息电磁泄漏频域特性的方法：从信息攻击所处的场点出发，先将产生辐射的电流变换到场点时域波形，然后利用Welch平均周期图法分析辐射信号的功率谱密度。文章同时给出了更精确的模型近似电子束电流，文中理论计算结果和实验测试结果吻合。     

The bending magnets for the LHC injection transfer lines

Two injection transfer lines, each about 2.8 km long, with 51 and 107 degree horizontal deflection, are being built to transfer protons at 450 GeV from the Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) to the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). A total of 360 dipole magnets are required; they have been produced in the framework of the contribution of the Russian Federation to the construction of the LHC. The classical dipoles, built from laminated steel cores and copper coils, have a core length of 6.3 m, 25 mm gap height and a nominal field of 1.81 T at a current of 5270 A. The magnet design was made in collaboration between CERN and BINP. An unusual design has been chosen for the coils to cope with the limited voltage from the available power supplies. All magnets in each of the two lines will be powered in series. The coil is composed of overlapping, but electrically insulated, half coils of 3 1/2 turns each. Thus, the power connections for IN and OUT are placed on opposite magnet ends. Short copper braids are used to connect all upper or lower half coils in series and the whole string can be powered without power consuming cable links running alongside the magnets. Precautions are taken to avoid transmission line effects and hazards from differences in voltage between upper and lower half coil. Advantages and drawbacks of this concept are discussed as well as results of the acceptance test including mechanical, electrical and magnetic field measurements. Fabrication and measurement of the magnets at BINP, with the half core production subcontracted to EFREMOV, have been finished in June 2001.     

冷原子干涉仪中二维磁光阱线圈的优化设计

大通量冷原子源是实现高精度冷原子干涉仪的关键技术之一。为获得大通量冷原子源,通常采用二维磁光阱(2D-MOT)和三维磁光阱(3D-MOT)的级联结构,其中2D-MOT的磁场分布是影响其性能的重要因素。通过数学建模及有限元分析,对2D-MOT中不同构造(长方形、跑道形、马鞍形)的反亥姆霍兹线圈进行数值计算,分析了不同构造线圈的磁场分布及因在制造与装配过程中产生的偏心、线圈不对称、平行度及内径不对称误差造成的磁场零点漂移和磁场梯度变化。分析结果表明,在偏心误差C1.14 mm,线圈不对称误差I0.016 A,平行度误差1.02时,马鞍形线圈产生的磁场梯度更有利于制备大通量冷原子源。该结果为冷原子干涉仪2D-MOT的磁场系统设计和加工提供了理论指导。     

楔形偏转线圈和平板电极静电偏转器的偏转场的计算方法

本文介绍楔形截面的偏转线圈和平板电极的静电偏转器的偏转场的计算方法。楔形线圈可以组合成形状多样的组合磁偏转器,有利于通过适当改变场分布形状,进一步减小偏转象差。矩形平板电极静电偏转器的优点是结构简单,有希望用它组成多电子束系统的偏转器阵列。根据上述两种偏转器的计算方法,已建立起实用的计算机程序,计算了一些典型结构偏转器的场分布。     

激光光束检测圆对称超声换能器焦点声压的可行性

根据Raman and Nath理论,光在声场中传播可认为是在多层薄光栅中传播,而薄光栅的参数则由光栅平面内的声场分布决定。本文通过圆对称聚焦换能器在焦平面附近的声场分布,得到光束的偏转角与换能器焦点声压的关系。通过测量光束偏转距离得到换能器焦点声压。虽然本文的声压与偏转角的关系是基于理想超声聚焦换能器的线性理论,但通过激光检测声压与光纤水听器测量的结果,表明该方法可用于检测较高的焦点声压检测。     

螺线管结构参数对脉冲磁场的影响

研究了线圈间距、匝数、个数以及不锈钢套筒对脉冲磁体产生磁场的影响规律。在储能电容和电压不变的前提下,研究结果表明：增加线圈间距会导致磁感应强度降低,磁力线包络增大,但总电流达到峰值时刻减小;增加线圈匝数,峰值电流明显减小,会降低磁感应强度,但有利于抑制磁力线包络;增加并联线圈个数,有利于产生较长的均匀区,但是在供能一定的条件下,磁场强度有所降低,同时总电流达到峰值时刻减小。总体来看,在一定均匀区长度的设计要求下,减少单个线圈匝数,增加并联线圈个数,能够得到磁感应强度更大、均匀性更好的磁场,但要考虑线圈承载电流的能力。另外,不对称的阴阳极金属结构会导致磁场不对称分布,且磁感应强度达到峰值时刻要晚于总电流达到峰值的时刻。     

偏转线圈磁场的测量

本文介绍了用双线圈测量偏转磁场的方法。文中首先导出双线圈处于x(或y)轴任意两个位置求算场参数H0、H2、H4的普遍公式。当两个小线圈的灵敏度稍有差异时,该公式仍然有效。利用沿x(或y)轴测得的一系列数据进行回归分析,求得场参数的最佳拟合值,可适用于离轴较远的距离。     

Design of a novel receiving structure for wireless power transfer with the enhancement of magnetic coupling

In a wireless power transfer (WPT) system, the transfer performance is related to the mutual inductance between coils. However, the mutual inductance decreases with the increase of transfer distance. In this work, the relationship between the output voltage and the mutual inductance for WPT systems with air core and with ferrite core are analyzed. In order to improve the mutual inductance, a novel configuration of receiving resonator with a strong magnetic coupling is proposed. The mutual inductance and magnetic field distribution for coils with a cylindrical core and with the novel configuration are compared. Experiments are carried out for validation. The results indicate that the proposed WPT system is superior to the system with the cylindrical ferrite core in increasing the output voltage and power transfer efficiency.     

Investigation of the scattering field under the low-frequency resonance conditions of screw helices

The frequency-selective properties of small screw helical coils are investigated. It is shown that, in a frequency band of 2–4 GHz, such coils have two resonances. The scattering patterns of helical coils are measured in the E and H planes. It is found that, at the zeroth-order resonance, a coil scatters a circularly polarized field with the maximum in the plane perpendicular to its longitudinal axis and that, at the frequency of the first resonance, the maximum of the scattered field is oriented along the longitudinal axis of the coil.