RTP和IP组播技术在多媒体通信中的应用研究

实时传输协议(RTP)是当前Internet上较理想的多媒体通信协议。IP组播是以TCP／IP网络为载体的具有一对多和多对多的数据交付能力的技术。本文阐述RTP协议的机理和IP组播技术，并对两者在多媒体通信中的结合使用加以分析。     

多媒体网络实时视频处理方法的研究

以多媒体网络实时监控平台为例，介绍了视频图像的采集、再现以及利用IP组播技术实现的视频网络传输方法，提出了一种基于RTP／RTCP协议的自适应实时视频流动态调整算法。     

IP组播的QoS控制

QoS服务质量控制是IP组播技术的一个重要的研究方向,本文在讨论TCP／IP协议环境下QoS技术的基础上,着重讨论了目前在IP组播里所采用的QoS服务质量控制技术－－资源预约协议RSVP的协议功能和协议机制,并指出其应用的局限性。文中最后指出,由于IP组播的QoS技术仍然处于不断的研究和完善之中,我们在开发IP组播应用时应该选择适合的QoS标准,并考虑其适用范围。     

IP组播技术在视频传输中的应用

IP组播技术和应用开始快速发展，本文主要阐述IP组播技术的概念、地址和路由，对IP组播技术在视频数据传输进行可靠性分析，提出应用IP组播实现视频传输的方法。     

多媒体组播协议分析及其实现

从IP网络多媒体组播协议体系结构出发，在网络协议，传输协议和应用协议方面，讨论组播协议的特点，功能和实现方法，在传输层讨论RTP／RTCP协议的设计原则，以适用于IP上的视频会议；在应用层讨论设计组播服务器时相关的协议及产品；在网络层由实现了IGMP的路由器组成Mbone，组播用户通过IGMP加入组播组，以达到合理利用网络带宽，并给出实例，组播技术还在继续发展，IGMP协议的V3版IGMPV3在线路由 器的层次上提供了对源路由组播的支持。     

网络视频监控系统中数据传输的实现

网络视频监控系统采用计算机网络技术、通讯技术、数字视频技术，需实现远程实时动态的图像传输。图像数据在网络上传输遵循TCP／IP协议，而Winsock提供了访问TCP／IP网络的捷径。在介绍Winsock网络编程接口原理的基础上，详细说明了如何利用Winsock编程解决网络视频监控系统中的数据传输问题。     

IP组播技术在视频传输中的应用

IP组播技术和应用开始快速发展,本文主要阐述IP组播技术的概念、地址和路由,对IP组播技术在视频数据传输进行可靠性分析,提出应用IP组播实现视频传输的方法。     

基于RTP/UDP/IP协议实时传输MPEG-4流媒体文件

在简述RTP／RTCP的协议原理的基础上，介绍了基于RTP／UDP／IP实时传输MPEG-4流媒体文件的方法，并给出了一个实时传输系统的基本体系结构及其实现。     

基于TCP／IP的多媒体实时通信协议的研究

描述了一种利用TCP／IP协议进行局域网环境下多媒体数据实时传输的实现方法。该方法采用分布式结构模型,识别优先级,能够满足多媒体数据的实时要求。同时以语音对话实例阐述多媒体数据的处理方法。     

基于IP/WDM网络的QoS技术研究

IP／WDM是目前网络发展的新动向。WDM技术增大了网络传输容量，为IP业务提供更加方便快捷的服务，但IP业务中的语音、视频、实时多媒体应用却对网络的服务质量QoS提出了更高的要求。介绍了IETF提出的几个QoS服务模型和机制，即集成服务(IntServ)／RSVP模型、区分服务(DiffServ)模型、多协议标签交换(MPLS)以及它们在IP／WDM网中的应用。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.