0.5%罗哌卡因和0.5%布比卡因腰麻-硬膜外联合阻滞用于剖宫产手术临床观察

目的比较0.5%罗哌卡因和0.5%布比卡因对剖宫产手术腰麻-硬膜外联合阻滞的临床效果及罗哌卡因用于腰麻-硬膜外麻醉的安全性和有效性.方法 40例剖宫产术患者(ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级)随机分为2组,Ⅰ组0.5%罗哌卡因(n=20例);Ⅱ组0.5%布比卡因(n=20例).用0.5%罗哌卡因和0.5%布比卡因各1.5ml.用联合阻滞配套针于L2～3间隙穿刺.以0.2ml/s的速率蛛网膜下腔给药1.5ml,术中酌情于硬膜外给予2%利多卡因维持麻醉.比较两组病人在感觉、运动阻滞及恢复上的异同,并观察用药后的不良反应.结果罗哌卡因的最大阻滞时间比布比卡因组长而感觉恢复时间比布比卡因组短,运动阻滞起效时间和最大运动阻滞时间比布比卡因组长.结论罗哌卡因用于腰麻-硬膜外联合阻滞是安全的,并能达到较为完善的麻醉效果.     

0.5%罗哌卡因腰麻-硬膜外联合麻醉用于微创经皮肾输尿管镜碎石术的临床效果

目的:探讨0.5%罗哌卡因腰麻-硬膜外联合麻醉(CSEA)用于微创经皮肾输尿管镜碎石术(minimally invasive percutane nephrolithotomy,MPCNL)的安全性和有效性。方法:60例ASAⅠ级～Ⅱ级,年龄22岁～68岁MPCNL的患者随机分成两组:B组(n=30例)为布比卡因(Bupivacaine,BOP)组,腰麻用药为0.5%布比卡因10mg～12.5mg(0.75%布比卡因2ml+10%葡萄糖1ml混均后注入2ml～2.5ml);R组(n=30例)为罗哌卡因(Ropivacaine,ROP)组,腰麻用药为0.5%罗哌卡因10mg～12.5mg(0.75%罗哌卡因2ml+10%葡萄糖1ml混均后注入2ml～2.5ml)。结果:罗哌卡因感觉阻滞起效时间和运动阻滞起效时间比布比卡因组慢,达到最大Bromage评分也小于布比卡因,而运动恢复时间明显比布比卡因快。结论:结果表明0.5%罗哌卡因腰麻-硬膜外联合麻醉用于MPCNL能达到完善的麻醉效果。其对血压(血流动力学)的影响较相同浓度剂量的布比卡因小,运动阻滞持续时间短,术后恢复迅速。     

罗哌卡因腰麻－硬膜外联合阻滞在骨科下肢手术的应用

目的探讨罗哌卡因用于腰麻-硬膜外联合阻滞骨科下肢手术的临床效果及安全性。方法选择ASAⅠ-Ⅱ级的40例骨科下肢手术患者，随机均分成两组：L组：腰麻用药为罗哌卡因11．25mg；B组：腰麻用药为布比卡因11．25mg，两组用药均加5％GS至4mL。术中必要时经硬膜外导管注人0．75％罗哌卡因或0．75％布比卡因。术中监测BP、HR、SpO2、RR的变化并观察用药后不良反应。结果罗哌卡因组达最高痛觉阻滞平面与布比卡因组相似；最大运动阻滞时间罗哌卡因组比布比卡因组长；两组不良反应差异无显著意义；两组均无神经系统的不良反应。结论罗哌卡因用于腰麻-硬膜外联合麻醉骨科下肢手术安全有效，并能达到完善的麻醉效果。     

等效剂量罗哌卡因、布比卡因腰麻用于肾移植手术的效果观察

目的探讨罗哌卡因腰麻-硬膜外联合麻醉(CSEA)在同种异体肾移植手术中的安全性和有效性。方法择期行同种异体肾移植的患者40例,随机分成2组各20例,均行CSEA,麻醉用药等效剂量罗哌卡因组(R组)用0.75%罗哌卡因2ml+10%GS0.5ml,布比卡因组(B组)用0.75%布比卡因1.6ml+10%GS0.9ml。比较两组在感觉和运动阻滞、生命体征、移植肾功能和手术成功率等方面的差异。结果两组均能满足手术的肌松要求,在感觉阻滞起效时间和最大感觉阻滞平面、血流动力学变化、移植肾功能和手术成功率、运动阻滞时间和Bromage评分及运动恢复时间等方面差异无显著性,但罗哌卡因组达到最大运动阻滞的时间明显比布比卡因组长,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论等效剂量罗哌卡因与布比卡因行CSEA的麻醉效果相似,用于同种异体肾移植手术是可行的。     

0．75％罗哌卡因在高龄患者下肢手术中连续腰麻的应用观察

目的研究小剂量0．75％罗哌卡因连续腰麻用于高龄患者下肢手术的安全性和有效性。方法择期高龄下肢手术患者32例,年龄70～82岁,ASAⅡ-Ⅲ级,用随机数字表法分为罗哌卡因组和布比卡因组。两组分别以0．1ml／s在蛛网膜下腔分次小剂量注入0．75％罗哌卡因1ml或0．75％布比卡因1ml直至麻醉平面满意,比较两组患者痛觉阻滞程度、最高阻滞平面,运动阻滞程度（改良Bromage分级法）,并且记录麻醉前（T0）、麻醉满意时（T1）、切皮后1．5h（T2）和术毕（B）HR、MAP的变化同时观察不良反应和并发症。结果两组患者均可达到完善的镇痛效果,但罗哌卡因组的镇痛起效时间、运动阻滞起效时间、最大运动阻滞时间均比布比卡因组显著延长（P〈0．05）;最高阻滞平面低于布比卡因组（P〈0．05）;而痛觉恢复时间、运动恢复时间比布比卡因组显著缩短（P〈0．05）;罗哌卡因组最大Bromage评分明显优于布比卡因组（P〈0．05）。结论小剂量0．75％罗哌卡因连续腰麻用于高龄老年患者下肢手术具有麻醉效果确切,对血流动力学影响小,不良反应少。临床上安全可行。     

罗哌卡因与布比卡因用于腰麻硬膜外联合阻滞的效疗比较

目的：比较0．75％盐酸罗哌卡因与0．75％盐酸布比卡因在腰麻硬膜外联合阻滞中的效果。方法：50例择期妇科手术患者（ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级）随机分为两组（n=25）。分别用0．75％罗哌卡因2ml和0．75％布比卡因2ml行蛛网膜下腔阻滞。观察两组感觉、运动阻滞起效及恢复时间和用药后的不良反应。结果：两组感觉阻滞起效时间、恢复时间无明显差异。运动阻滞起效时间罗哌卡因明显慢于布比卡因（P〈0．05），运动恢复时间明显快于布比卡因（P〈0．05）。结论：0．75％罗哌卡因用于腰麻能达到完善的麻醉效果，感觉阻滞与0．75％布比卡因相似，运动阻滞起效慢，但恢复迅速。     

罗哌卡因、左旋布比卡因与布比卡因腰麻用于老年髋关节手术

目的 比较罗哌卡因、左旋布比卡因与布比卡因对老年人腰麻的临床效果.方法 60例老年髋关节手术病人,随机分成R、L、B三组,每组20例,R组0.5%罗哌卡因;L组0.5%左旋布比卡因;B组0.5%布比卡因,行腰麻联合硬膜外麻醉,观察感觉阻滞起效时间、运动阻滞起效时间、最高感觉阻滞平面、最大阻滞时间、运动恢复时间、最大运动阻滞时间、最大阻滞时间及麻醉质量与不良反应.结果 三组感觉阻滞起效时间和最高感觉阻滞平面类似,最大阻滞时间R组长于B组,运动阻滞起效时间Bromage评分及运动恢复时间无统计学差异,最大运动阻滞时间R组高于L、B组,低血压发生率三组相似,心动过缓、尿潴留发生率无统计学意义,血压下降发生率差异有显著性.结论 三种药物腰麻联合硬膜外麻醉用于老年髋关节手术时,其麻醉效能,R＜L＜B,三者均安全.     

盐酸罗哌卡因和盐酸布比卡因鞍麻在宫颈锥形切除术中的应用

目的探讨等效剂量盐酸罗哌卡因、盐酸布比卡因鞍麻用于宫颈锥形切除术的临床效果和安全性。方法选择择期宫颈癌手术患者60例，体重50～80妇，ASA Ⅰ～Ⅱ级，随机分为等效剂量盐酸罗哌卡因（A）、盐酸布比卡因（B）2组，每组30例。2种药物均采用重比重配方：（A）0．75％盐酸罗哌卡因2ml＋8％葡萄糖液1ml；（B）0．75％盐酸布比卡因2ml＋8％葡萄糖液1ml，分别以硬膜外-腰麻联合阻滞穿刺针穿刺成功后注入蛛网膜下腔，平卧后5min内测1次／min，以后5min测1次到25min．观察感觉阻滞起效时间直到运动恢复时间。如果手术时间过长，可在硬膜外分次追加1．33％利多卡因10～15ml。结果在运动阻滞方面：两组的运动阻滞起效时间及运动恢复时间无统计学差异，但盐酸罗哌卡因组达到最大运动阻滞时间明显较盐酸布比卡因组长；在感觉阻滞方面：两组的感觉阻滞起效时间和最大感觉阻滞平面没有显著差异，但最大阻滞时间盐酸罗哌卡因稍大于盐酸布比卡因（P〈0．05）；两组不良反应发生率无明显差异。结论盐酸罗哌卡因更适用于鞍麻行宫颈锥形切除术，与等效剂量盐酸布比卡因鞍麻用于宫颈锥形切除术的麻醉效果相似。2种药物的感觉和运动的阻滞起效时间、程度、阻滞平面、恢复时间相似，但盐酸罗哌卡因的最大阻滞时间和最大运动阻滞时间较盐酸布比卡因长。     

罗哌卡因用于椎管内联合麻醉的临床观察

目的　研究罗哌卡因用于椎管内联合麻醉的效果。方法　 2 0例病人择期行下腹部以下手术 ,ASAⅠ-Ⅱ级 ,随机分为两组。腰麻用药 :0 .75 %罗哌卡因和 0 .75 %布比卡因各 2ml,分别加入 10 %葡萄糖 1ml配成重比重液。术中麻醉平面下降时以 0 .5 %的罗哌卡因 /布比卡因补充。观察两组病人感觉、运动阻滞及恢复情况。结果在感觉阻滞及恢复上罗哌卡因与布比卡因基本相似。罗哌卡因在运动阻滞起效时间、达到最大Bromage评分时间及运动恢复时间均明显慢于布比卡因 ,且罗哌卡因的Bromage评分明显小于布比卡因 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　罗哌卡因在临床效应及安全性方面是一种理想的局部麻醉药 ,但合适的浓度和剂量还有待于进一步研究。     

盐酸罗哌卡因和布比卡因用于腰麻+硬膜外麻醉在妇科手术的临床效果观察

目的:比较盐酸罗哌卡因、布比卡因腰麻+硬膜外麻醉用于妇科手术的临床效果。方法:100例妇科手术病人,随机分成A、B2组,每组50例,A组盐酸罗哌卡因(1%盐酸罗哌卡因1.7ml+麻黄碱0.1ml+50%葡萄糖0.2ml);B组布比卡因(0.75%布比卡因1.7ml+麻黄碱0.1ml+50%葡萄糖0.2ml),行腰麻+硬膜外麻醉,观察感觉阻滞起效时间、运动阻滞起效时间、最高感觉阻滞平面、最大感觉阻滞时间、最大运动阻滞时间、感觉恢复时间、运动恢复时间及麻醉效果与不良反应。结果:A组感觉阻滞起效时间明显慢于B组,运动阻滞起效时间明显慢于B组(P<0.01);2组最高感觉阻滞平面无显著差异(P>0.05);A组最大运动阻滞时间明显慢于B组,运动阻滞恢复时间明显短于B组(P<0.01);2组麻醉效果评定无统计学差异(P>0.05)。A组不良反应的发生率明显小于B组(P<0.01)。结论:盐酸罗哌卡因较之布比卡因用于腰麻+硬膜外麻醉在妇科手术更加安全有效,更有利于患者术后恢复。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.