面向符号对象模型的版本管理系统设计方法

复杂对象版本管理,即为DBMS提供一个定义、描述和操作同一对象的多个表示或一致性状态、能支持工程设计反复性和试探性过程的控制机制是工程数据库研究方面的一个重要的课题。本文首先给出了版本化的复杂列象模型的语义说明和形式化定义,接着引入VCOHOR符号对象模型的概念,最后讨论了工程数据库管理系统(DATFEA)的对象标识器和版本服务器的设计和实现等问题。     

工程数据的版本管理

版本管理是工程数据库中必须解决而又难于解决的关键问题。在本文中,给出我们自行研制的工程数据库管理系统EDBMS/2的版本管理模型,提出了DBV和DBV图概念,EDBMS/2系统的应用表明,该模型提供了有效地管理工程设计数据的手段,具有多级版本和复合对象版本管理、数据共享、数据管理局部化以及支持用户(应用程序)对数据库的多种视图等特点。     

面向CIMS的工程数据库管理系统

本文叙述了一个面向ＣＩＭＳ的工程数据库管理系统，该系统引入了面向对象的概念和方法，以关系数据库管理系统ＯＲＡＣＬＥ为基础，并与图形软件ＧＫＳ集成，使它具有支持抽象数据类型，类层次和继承性，复杂对象管理。图形数据和非图形数据统一操作，版本管理和长事务处理等能力，文中着重叙述了面向对象的工程数据模型ＯＥＤＭ，系统的体系结构，功能模块和ＯＳＱＬ语言。     

工程数据库管理系统MEDB

本文阐述了MEDB系统的主要原理,它是以对象模型和关系模型为模型,具有支持设计对象间语义关系管理、版本管理、变长记录和变长型数据.提供了C语言的应用程序接口API等功能.并介绍了MEDB的实现技术.     

基于分布对象Web的主流数据库集成系统

面向新一代的分布式对象Web体系结构，将全局数据库技术，全局数据库事务管理技术，主流数据库对象化组件技术和先进的CORBA对象技术综合成一体，在支持异构分布式系统的CORBA机制，全局数据库模式，全局查询语言的定义，语法和语义分析，查询优化，主流数据库的对象化表示，事务的管理，并发控制，安全管理，全局事务的完整性处理，主流数据库的集成工具，多数据库系统的管理和维护策略等方面，针对实用化的目标开展研究并加以实现。     

复杂对象版本的数学模型

复合组合对象的版本管理机制是工程数据库系统的重要组成部分。本文以支持工程设计方案的修改，选择及配置为主要目的，对ＣＯＨＯＲ复杂对象进行了版本扩展，提出了复杂对象版本的数学模型，并从语义角度讨论了ＤＡＴＦＥＡ版本管理系统的版本模型和基本操作等问题。     

C语言在数据库系统开发中的应用

在选用数据库语言作为事务管理系统的建库语言时,加以C语言对数据库的操作,这样就可以大大简化数据库的操作复杂度,可以省去很多复杂的命令,大大降低了对数据库使用者的要求。     

面向更新密集型应用的内存数据库高效检查点技术

面向更新密集型应用的内存数据库系统,其检查点技术应符合几个关键的要求,包括检查点操作对正常事务处理的干扰尽可能小、能够处理存取倾斜状况、支持数据库系统的快速恢复、提供恢复过程中的系统可用性等.该文提出一种事务一致的分区检查点技术,采用基于元组的动态多版本并发控制机制,避免了读写事务的加锁冲突,提高系统吞吐能力;检查点操作以只读事务形式实现,存多版本并发控制下,避免检查点操作对正常事务处理的堵塞;由于检查点文件是事务一致的,只需要记录事务的Redo 日志信息,在系统恢复过程中,只需要对日志文件进行一遍扫描处理,加快恢复过程;基于优先级的数据分区装载和恢复,使得恢复过程中新事务的数据存取请求迅速得到满足,保证了恢复过程中的系统可用性.由于采用两级版本管理机制以及动态版本共享技术,多版本管理的空间开销降低到可以接受的水平.实验结果表明,文中提出的检查点技术方案获得比模糊检查点技术高27%的系统吞吐量,同时版本管理的空间开销在可接受的范围之内,满足高性能应用的要求.     

联邦数据库管理系统FDBMS的设计和实现

联邦数据库管理系统FDBMS是对一组给定DBMS的扩充,它支持异构多库间的数据共享,交互操作和自治,并支持涉及多库查询但最多仅涉及一库修改的联邦事务,FDBMS的数据语言与原DBMS的相同,便于应用从单库到异构多库的转化,联邦中的每一局部库有一输入模式和一输出模式,输入模式与概念模式的并构成联邦模式,整个联邦中无全局模式。 本文论述FDBMS的设计与实现,着重讨论FDBMS的体系结构,以及模式转换,查询分解,局部DBMS核心接口,联邦事务管理等技术问题。     

适用于VLSI设计的LVV数据模型及其数据库管理系统

本文分析了VLSI设计中的数据类型和相互关系,提出了适用于VLSI设计的LVV数据模型,它包含对象、版本、视图和文档四个基本概念,支持面向对象的数据操作,描述设计对象的层次结构和设计衍变过程,且根据模型的语义性可进行数据完整性及描述等价性的控制.LVV系统是建立在LVV模型基础上的数据库管理系统,除上述数据模型所提供的特点外,还具有统一的用户界面和数据共享性好等特点.     

Realm-based spatial data types: The ROSE algebra

Spatial data types or algebras for database systems should (1) be fully general, that is, closed under set operations, (2) have formally defined semantics, (3) be defined in terms of finite representations available in computers, (4) offer facilities to enforce geometric consistency of related spatial objects, and (5) be independent of a particular DBMS data model, but cooperate with any. We present an algebra that usesrealms as geometric domains underlying spatial data types. A realm, as a general database concept, is a finite, dynamic, user-defined structure underlying one or more system data types. Problems of numerical robustness and topological correctness are solved within and below the realm layer so that spatial algebras defined above a realm have very nice algebraic properties. Realms also interact with a DMBS to enforce geometric consistency on object creation or update. The ROSE algebra is defined on top of realms and offers general types to represent point, line, and region features, together with a comprehensive set of operations. It is described within a polymorphic type system and interacts with a DMBS data model and query language through an abstractobject model interface. An example integration of ROSE into the object-oriented data model O₂ and its query language is presented.     

Method of adaptive controllable parallel execution of operations in object database management systems

The design of parallel database management systems (DBMSs) normally implies using special-purpose multiprocessor computing systems. Most often, a DBMS is supposed to work in an exclusive mode of operation. However, in the class of x86-based multiprocessor computing systems designed for mass usage, the exclusive mode of DBMS operation with respect to other software is often not secured. In addition, the legacy software for this class of computing systems is often not designed for mass parallel usage. When the exclusive mode requirement is ignored and the resources of the computing system are not used in low-load DBMS regimes, the efficiency of using resources of the computing system as a whole reduces. This paper considers a method of program organization of controlled parallelism at the level of internal DBMS operations, allowing for their controlled execution based on the state of the entire computing system. This method made it possible to significantly reduce the time of response for low densities of query arrival in the ODB-Jupiter commercial object DBMS developed in the Inteltec Plus scientific manufacturing center. The method of controlled parallel execution can be used in a wide class of program systems.     

A database perspective on geospatial data modeling

We study the representation and manipulation of geospatial information in a database management system (DBMS). The geospatial data model that we use as a basis hinges on a complex object model, whose set and tuple constructors make it efficient for defining not only collections of geographic objects but also relationships among these objects. In addition, it allows easy manipulation of nonbasic types, such as spatial data types. We investigate the mapping of our reference model onto major commercial DBMS models, namely a relational model extended to abstract data types (ADT) and an object-oriented model. Our analysis shows the strengths and limits of the two model types for handling highly structured data with spatial components     

TEMPOS: a platform for developing temporal applications on top of object DBMS

We present TEMPOS: a set of models and languages supporting the manipulation of temporal data on top of object DBMS. The proposed models exploit object-oriented technology to meet some important, yet traditionally neglected design criteria related to legacy code migration and representation independence. Two complementary ways for accessing temporal data are offered: a query language and a visual browser. The query language, namely TEMPOQL, is an extension of OQL supporting the manipulation of histories regardless of their representations, through fully composable functional operators. The visual browser offers operators that facilitate several time-related interactive navigation tasks, such as studying a snapshot of a collection of objects at a given instant, or detecting and examining changes within temporal attributes and relationships. TEMPOS models and languages have been formalized both at the syntactical and the semantical level and have been implemented on top of an object DBMS. The suitability of the proposals with regard to applications' requirements has been validated through concrete case studies.     

一种基于对象关系模型的时空数据库管理系统体系结构

时空数据库的关键与难点在于其实现技术．本文提出了一种基于对象关系模型的优化型时空数据库管理系统体系结构，该体系结构采用时空数据类型扩展和时空操作扩展技术对数据库管理系统的内核进行扩充，使其具有内建的时空数据管理能力，同时以时空查询优化层实现时空查询的逻辑优化，解决了底层数据库管理系统的查询优化问题。     

Experiences in database system implementation using a persistent programming language

The EXODUS database toolkit, and in particular the E persistent programming language, have been used in two substantial database system implementation efforts by the authors, the Ariel database rule system and the Triton nested relation DBMS. An important advantage of using a persistent programming language for database system implementation is that it is easy to implement special-purpose persistent objects used by the DBMS such as catalogs, rule indexes, and nested relational structures. Support for transactions built into a persistent programming language greatly reduces the effort required to implement a database system. A disadvantage observed is that it is not possible to map the type system of the DBMS to the type system of the underlying programming language while still retaining good performance for ad hoc queries. Also, software engineering difficulties arise when a persistent language makes a distinction between database types and main-memory types.     

UML动态模型在关系数据库操作中的应用

UML作为一种面向对象的标准建模语言,在关系数据库系统的建模领域也得到了广泛的应用.用UML为关系数据库模式建立的模型比ER模型表达力更强,但目前的UML数据库建模技术主要强调静态模型.概述了如何使用UML动态建模方法为关系数据库操作建模.在建立的框架的基础上可为原子数据库操作建模,进而为更复杂的数据库操作建模.这种方法将为用户和开发者提供对整个系统的一个统一视角,将UML的强大功能扩展到数据库领域.     

The category concept: An extension to the entity-relationship model

An enhanced version of the Entity-Relationship (ER) data model called the Entity-Category-Relationship (ECR) data model is presented. The principal extension is the introduction of the concept of a category. Categories permit the grouping of entities from different entity types according to the roles they play in a relationship, as well as the representation of ISA and generalization hierarchies. The structures of the ECR data model are defined, and a graphic representation technique for their display is presented. Language operations to define and use an ECR database are defined. Two realistic examples of the use of the ECR model for database design are demonstrated. The examples show how ECR structures can be directly mapped into relational and network structures. The definition of derived relationships on an ECR database gives the power to phrase higher order recursive queries in a first order query language.