高炉鼓风系统以汽代电技术应用

介绍了福建三钢高炉鼓风系统以汽代电技术的改造实践。利用富余的高炉煤气加热锅炉产生过热蒸汽带动汽轮机，以汽轮机作原动机取代电机拖动鼓风机为高炉系统供风。一方面可以节约大量的电能，另一方面也减少了煤气放散。回收了大量煤气资源。     

单级背压式汽轮机驱动高压给水泵技术应用

针对宣钢2500m3高炉区高炉鼓风机站高压给水系统运行中存在中压蒸汽的有限焓值损失大,生产成本提高,全厂综合热效率低及耗电高等缺点,采用背压式汽轮机替代给水泵用电动机来驱动锅炉给水泵,减少电动给水泵的启动时间,全年可节电483.84万kWh,说明汽拖给水泵在节能及余热利用方面具有可行性,节约了大量电能,达到了降低系统生产成本的目的。     

信息与文摘

杭钢焦化4号锅炉改烧高炉煤气效益显著杭州钢铁厂三座高炉同时生产时,有大量高炉煤气放散,既浪费了能源,又污染了厂区环境,严重危及炼铁区的安全.为此,杭钢投资30万元,将原烧混合煤气的焦化分厂4号锅炉改烧高炉煤气,减少了高炉煤气放散所造成的能源浪费和环境污染.此项改     

宝钢高炉煤气的回收和利用

本文介绍了宝钢高炉煤气的回收利用系统及各主要设备的结构与设计思想，并针对宝钢的高炉煤气系统的运行实绩提出了降低高炉煤气放散率的方法。     

利用高炉剩余煤气发电实现环境和经济的协调发展

一、前言龙钢马坑分厂现有两座30立方米的高炉，年产铸造生铁4万吨。在高炉冶炼生产过程中，有大量的高炉剩余煤气从炉项排出，这部分煤气有较高的热值（3500K／M‘），大多铁厂将这部分剩余煤气弓l人热风炉和烧结系统燃烧利用，马坑分厂没有烧结系统，剩余煤气只在热风炉中利用，但这只能利用剩余煤气的30％，绝大部分剩余煤气没有得到充分利用，而且这部分煤气没有有效除尘即排放。这样的结果是：可利用的资源没有得到充分利用，反而污染环境，环境和经济极不协调。二、利用剩余煤气发电两座30立方米高炉每小时共有剩余煤气10000立方米排…     

煤气混合加压站投运综述

为了减少高炉煤气的放散量,改变柳钢高炉煤气大量富余,而焦炉煤气紧张的现状,柳钢投资一千多万元建了一个煤气混合加压站,于2002年5月投入运行,为轧钢系统的加热炉提供了充足稳定的燃气,取得了较好的经济效益。本文就该站的工艺流程、主要设备、技术特点、投运中出现的问题及处理等作一介绍。     

高炉煤气轮机装置

1979年我国生铁产量为3673万吨。以河北某县高炉煤气的成份为例,估算79年全年剩余的高炉煤气量,约为6894.10~(10)标米~3。相当于5.95.10~8吨标准煤。这个概略的估算数字,可以使我们认识到,在熔炼铁矿过程中,确有很大一部份高炉煤气可以利用。能源是提高人民生活和进行社会主义现代化建设的重要的物质基础。开源节流,充分发掘利用现有能源的潜力,有着重大的经济意义。高炉冶炼过程中,产生大量的煤气。利用这些煤气加热热风炉,以获得一定温度,一定     

高炉煤气锅炉的热平衡计算

在传统燃煤锅炉热平衡计算及大量工程实际经验的基础上，对高炉煤气锅炉热平衡计算进行了理论分析、归纳及简化，提出了适合高炉煤气锅炉的简捷、准确的热平衡计算方法。该计算方法在上海威钢能源有限公司高炉煤气发电等工程的设计和运行中得到成功的验证。     

移动供热:钢铁企业工业废水废热回用新途径

钢铁企业中的高炉炉渣粒化水、转炉煤气清洗水、高炉煤气清洗水含有大量热能。如果能将这部分工业废水的热能回收,对于节能减排将是非常有益的。利用移动供热对高炉炉渣粒化水、转炉煤气清洗水、高炉煤气清洗水等钢铁企业工业废水的废热进行回收和利用,是一种废热回用的新途径,具有广泛的应用前景。1钢铁企业工业废水废热分析高炉炉渣粒化水使用后的水温接近100℃,转炉煤气清     

梅钢高炉煤气系统平衡实践与思考

高炉煤气是钢铁企业的宝贵资源。从设备状况、煤气调整策略、放散率控制体系等多角度介绍梅山高炉煤气系统的平衡方法，阐述其在梅山系统节能战略中的重要地位。     

Heat transfer analysis of blast furnace stave

The three-dimensional mathematical model of temperature and thermal stress field of the blast furnace stave is built. The radiation heat transmitted from solid materials (coke and ore) to inner surface of the stave, which has been neglected by other studies, is taken into account. The cast steel stave is studied and the finite element method is used to perform the computational analysis with soft ANSYS. Numerical calculations show very good agreement with the results of experiment. Heat transfer analysis is made of the effect of the cooling water velocity and temperature, the cooling channel inter-distance and diameter, the lining material, the cooling water scale, the coating layer on the external surface of the cooling water pipe as well as the gas clearance on the maximum temperature and thermal stress of the stave hot surface. It is found that reducing the water temperature and increasing the water velocity would be uneconomical. The heat transfer and hence the maximum temperature and thermal stress in the stave can be controlled by properly adjusting operating conditions of the blast furnace, such as the gas flow, cooling channel inter-distance and diameter, lining material, coating layer and gas clearance.     

循环流化床改造为燃高炉煤气锅炉的设计

文章介绍了由笔者所在公司为某钢铁公司对35t／h中温中压循环流化床锅炉进行技术改造，使其改造后在保证锅炉参数的前提下燃用高炉煤气，达到能源的循环利用、降低生产成本和环境保护的要求，提高企业经济效益。     

Minerals and iron-making reactions in blast furnaces

Coke is central to blast furnace operation, but because it is the most expensive raw material used, there is continuing pressure to minimize its use. Consequently, it has become increasingly pertinent to measure and predict the factors affecting coke performance more accurately. Coke performance is affected both by its properties and blast furnace operation. Recently, the importance of the minerals in coke in determining its performance in the blast furnace has been recognized. Minerals in coke influence its reaction with gas, metal and slag phases. This paper reviews coke behavior in an operating blast furnace with the main emphasis being on the role of its inherent mineral matter. Various techniques including advanced approaches such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and quantitative X-ray diffraction (XRD) have been used to identify and quantify coke minerals. Fundamental studies based on bench-scale reactors have highlighted the role of various mineral phases on the kinetics of gasification, hot-metal carburization and slag reactions. Because coke reaction rates are influenced by the constituent mineral phases differently, conventional ash analysis is not sufficient to determine the true impact of coke minerals on coke reactivity. The dominant catalytic phases of coke minerals can be identified and related to coke gasification with CO₂ at low temperatures. The kinetics of hot-metal carburization by coke and its temperature dependence is influenced by the melting behavior of minerals. Coke–slag reaction rates are largely influenced by total mineral matter content as well as composition. Coke changes its properties during descent through an experimental blast furnace (EBF) and some of these changes are presented. The increase in the ordering of the carbon in the coke as it descends the EBF can be related to increases in coke ordering in a bench-scale reactor, indicating that order in a particular coke may serve as a thermometer of its maximum exposure temperature. Moreover, coke fines emissions are influenced by the extent of graphitization in industrial blast furnaces. In contrast, coke reactivity in an operating blast furnace is influenced by recirculating alkalis as well as inherent mineral matter. Mineral phases of industrial cokes were found to be changed after CO₂ gasification with increasing reaction temperatures. Coke quality needs in current and emerging blast furnace process innovations are discussed to highlight that existing tests are not sufficient. A comprehensive coke quality index is required, particularly one that incorporates the heterogeneity of coke minerals, in order to make a reliable assessment of the impact of cokes on iron-making reactions.     

热风阀阀板的节能探讨

我国国内的热风阀阀板同国外阀板相比，存在着热损失大的缺点，原因是耐火材料衬热阻较小。文中以有限元模拟技术为手段，以增大热阻为目的，进行了耐火材料组合衬设计。设计结果表明，组合衬的热损失可以降到单一衬的43％～56％左右，节能效果十分显著。     

高炉液渣含热回收利用技术探讨

分析了高温炼铁废渣的成分和性能，对以高炉渣为原料的后续产品的生产工艺以及风冷技术进行研究，探讨了几种高温铁渣所含热能回收利用的技术途径。     

高炉炉身喷吹转炉煤气的可行性探讨

该文论述了转炉煤气喷入高炉炉身的设想，并分析探讨了工艺的可行性，经预测，直接经济效益显著，并有广阔的社会效益和推广前景，对冶金企业综合利用二次能源另辟了新径。同时，文中对实现喷吹所涉及的主要技术问题作了论述。     

两种热管换热器在热风炉余热回收中的应用

介绍了应用于钢铁行业高炉热风炉余热回收的两种热管式换热器:整体和分体换热器,并用实例对比分析两种换热器的优缺点。     

Modelling and optimisation of biomass injection in ironmaking blast furnaces

Biomass is a renewable and potentially carbon-neutral energy source and can be a promising alternative to fossil fuels in the ironmaking industry. Pulverised biomass injection (PBI) is the most promising technology to use biomass-based materials in ironmaking blast furnaces (BFs). This paper reviews key aspects of recent research relating to biomass combustion in the raceway region: experimental studies, numerical studies, and the application of the research findings to optimise BF practice. In the experimental part, the pretreatment of raw biomass to produce pyrolysed biochar products for improving applicability in BFs is reviewed. The properties of raw biomass and biochar are compared with the main requirements for injection into BFs, and the process tests that have been employed at lab- and pilot-scales are reviewed. In the modelling part, a comprehensive overview of mathematical modelling of biomass combustion in BFs is presented, ranging from turbulent flow to heat transfer and mass transfer, as well as key reaction models for simulating the lower part of the BF. With respect to the application of the research, in-furnace phenomena understanding, operation optimisation, and facility design are reviewed, including the co-firing of biomass and coal. In addition, heat and mass balance modelling has been used to demonstrate the operating window of feasible operations using PBI. Life cycle assessment has been reviewed to demonstrate PBI's environmental credentials. Based on the aspects reviewed, conclusions have been drawn on the strengths, limitations, and outlook of PBI studies. This paper offers a comprehensive review of the combustion of biomass in BFs and should prove useful for process understanding, design and optimisation towards green ironmaking technology.     

燃烧生物质成型燃料采暖热风炉的设计与试验

为弥补华北农村冬季传统采暖存在的不足,根据生物质成型燃料燃烧特性,设计制造出适合燃用生物质成型燃料的专用热风采暖炉,并对其进行了热工性能试验,结果表明,在较好工况下,其燃烧效率可达85.03％～92.06％,热效率可达44．82％～55．85％,为解决农村地区采暖问题提供了有效途径。