基于CEEMD和小波包变换的重力数据信噪分离方法

为了有效地进行海洋重力测量数据的信噪分离,本文提出了基于互补总体经验模式分解(CEEMD)和小波包变换(WPT)的重力数据信噪分离方法。该方法利用CEEMD将海洋重力测量信号分解为从高频到低频的不同固有模式函数(IMF)分量以及趋势项,为进一步提取出各IMF分量中的有用重力信号,本文采用小波包变换对各IMF分量进行小波包分解降噪,最后将从各分量提取出的有用信号与趋势项进行信号重构,实现重力数据的信噪分离。本文通过仿真数据和实测数据对该方法进行了验证,结果表明本文提出的重力数据信噪分离方法能有效的抑制噪声干扰,保留有用的重力信号,实现较高精度的重力信号提取。     

基于CEEMD-VMD-SIST算法的sEMG信号降噪方法

针对基于表面肌电信号(sEMG)的手势识别中,由于传统降噪算法对sEMG信号高频部分分解不当或存在频率混叠现象使得对含噪sEMG信号降噪效果不佳而导致手势识别精度大大降低的问题,提出使用基于互补集合经验模态分解(CEEMD)与变分模态分解(VMD)组合的滑动区间软阈值(SIST)降噪算法(CEEMD-VMD-SIST)对含噪sEMG信号进行降噪处理;使用CEEMD将含噪信号分解为从高频到低频的多个不同本征模态函数(IMF),根据自相关系数客观界定后续降噪模态分量范围,对选中的模态分量采用VMD的SIST方法进行分解降噪并与部分剩余模态分量进行重构;从实验结果中可以看出,在不同信噪比下,所提算法的降噪性能与传统降噪方法相比,信噪比与均方根误差均有明显改善,可以更大程度上保留信号的有用信息,即所提算法的降噪性能更佳。     

基于EMD阈值方法的轴承故障振动信号去噪

针对随机噪声信号影响对有用信息的获取,提出了EMD分解阈值去噪方法,将小波阈值去噪原理应用于经验模态分解（Empirical Mode Decomposition,EMD）中。首先对实际含噪信号进行EMD分解,根据分解后得到的内蕴模态函数（Intrinsic Mode Function,简称IMF分量）,采用自适应阈值去噪,进行信号重构,得到消噪后的信号,获取有用信息。将该方法应用于实际工程故障振动信号中分析研究表明,该方法可以获得较高的信噪比,能够对实际信号进行有效的故障特征频率提取,降噪后比降噪前的诊断效果更明显。     

基于心动周期和经验模式分解的心电信号去噪处理

针对现有心电信号（Electrocardiogram,ECG）去噪方法难以精准剥离与之频带重叠的肌电干扰并无损提取到“干净”ECG的问题,提出了利用心动周期和经验模式分解对含噪ECG进行去噪处理。本文方法首先对含噪ECG进行经验模式分解,然后利用心动周期判断固有模态函数分量属于噪声还是有用信号,最后将有用信号的固有模态函数分量重构ECG。为验证本文去噪方法,首先采用ECG动力学仿真模型评估本文方法在不同参数噪声下的去噪效果;其次选取MIT-BIH数据库中的基线漂移信号bw,肌电干扰信号ma和105号、107号、123号ECG分别构建3组真实含噪ECG进行实验。评估与实验结果均表明本文方法可以简单、有效地同时去除ECG中的肌电干扰和基线漂移,去噪效果优于普通经验法。     

Hilbert-Huang变换在语音去噪中的应用

研究语音信号噪声抑制问题,针对噪声污染干扰正确语音的传输,传统采用的HHT噪声抑制方法有多尺度滤波和阈值去噪,对所有的IMF分量进行处理,没有将IMF分量中的有用信号和噪声信号区别开来,去噪效果受到抑制.为使去噪效果更好,提出一种新的基于能量分析的阈值去噪方法,对含噪信号经过Hilbert-Huang变换后的IMF分量,对于信号和噪声能量分布的特点进行能量分析,将加噪信号中有用信号和噪声信号分离开,再利用阈值去噪方法完成去噪.通过仿真,可观察出语音信号的噪声得到了抑制,能够准确识别语音信号,并且比小波方法简单,不用选择小波基和确定分解层数,不用选择判断阈值,就能够达到或接近小波去噪的水平.     

基于CEEMDAN的MEMS加速度计输出信号降噪方法

针对微机电系统(MEMS)加速度计输出信号存在误差,导致高压输电杆塔倾斜监测系统的输出倾角数据精确度不高的问题,提出了一种基于自适应噪声完备集合经验模态分解(CEEMDAN)联合奇异值分解(SVD)对杆塔的加速度计输出信号降噪方法。利用CEEMDAN对原始加速度计输出信号进行分解,得到一系列模态分量,分别计算其排列熵(PE),筛选出特征分量和含噪特征分量,然后再将需进一步降噪的特征分量通过SVD进行二次滤波,最后将降噪后的特征分量与未处理的特征分量进行叠加即得到降噪后的加速度计输出信号。仿真实验结果表明,所提出的方法可以有效地抑制噪声干扰,通过与扩展卡尔曼滤波和CEEMDAN-PE对比说明该方法滤波效果更好,有效提高了加速度信号分析精度和杆塔倾斜角测量精度。     

改进的EMD算法及其在含噪盲扰信分离中的应用

针对经验模态分解(EMD)降噪算法存在因表示噪声的内蕴模态函数(IMF)分量选择不当而引起的降噪性能不稳定的问题,对其进行改进,加入对噪声水平的估计,并将噪声阈值作为分解结束的判决门限,避免了对噪声IMF分量的选择。在此基础上,联合小波变换进行降噪,并应用于含噪盲扰信分离中。仿真表明在一定范围的低信噪比条件下,该算法增强了盲扰信分离的抗噪声性能,可将源信号从染噪的观测信号中有效地分离出来。     

基于变分模态分解的直肠压力信号预处理研究

针对依托于人工肛门括约肌系统的直肠功能诊断模型中采集信号存在大量干扰噪声的问题,提出了一种基于变分模态分解(VMD)算法与小波加权平均阈值去噪结合的预处理方法。利用VMD算法对原始直肠压力信号进行分解,对各模态分量进行小波阈值去噪,提取出有用信号进行重构。通过仿真比较分析该方法与EMD、小波阈值去噪等方法的去噪效果。实验结果表明,该方法在不同噪声水平下均显著提高输出信号的信噪比,同时避免原始信号中有用信息的丢失,具有良好的去噪效果,对直肠功能诊断的准确性具有重要意义。     

基于VMD和小波阈值的ECG肌电干扰去噪处理

针对现有心电信号肌电干扰去噪方法的不足,本文提出利用变分模态分解和小波阈值相结合的方法对心电信号肌电干扰进行去噪处理,该方法通过对含噪心电信号进行变分模态分解,确定信号主导模态分量与噪声主导模态分量,噪声主导模态分量的小波阈值变换和重构无噪心电信号,共四步实现对含有肌电干扰的心电信号的去噪处理。其中,通过分析研究所有模态分量中心频率的分布,确定变分模态分解的层数,多组仿真与真实含噪心电信号的相关实验表明。本文所提出的去噪方法可有效去除心电信号中的肌电干扰,且去噪效果优于小波阈值法、变分模态分解法和经验模式分解法。     

基于阈值的小波域语音降噪新算法

提出了一种新的基于阈值的小波域语音降噪算法。采用小波包对含噪语音进行分解，克服了传统的正交小波变换的缺陷。采用自适应阈值的方法，对每一尺度上的噪声最大量进行去噪，保留有用信号，可以进一步提高信噪比，仿真实验表明，该方法有更好的去噪效果。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。