30-GHz millimeter-wave carrier generation with single sideband modulation based on stimulated Brillouin scattering

A new technique to generate a millimeter（mm）-wave carrier of 32.57 GHz(f_LO=10.85 GHz) with single sideband modulation（SSB） for radio-over-fiber（RoF） systems is experimentally demonstrated by using stimulated Brillouin scattering（SBS）.The SSB is realized by directly amplifying the +3rd sideband of the modulated optical carrier in the process of SBS.The pump wave is provided through a double Brillouin scattering frequency shifting configuration.The use of the same laser source to generate the pump wave ensures the stability of the mm-wave generation system since the relative frequency shift between them can be eliminated.In addition, the mm-wave carrier obtains an RF power gain of 21 dB with the SBS amplification and a 3-dB bandwidth of 10kHz.     

基于受激布里渊散射的30GHz毫米波单边带调制生成技术

本文提出了一种基于受激布里渊散射原理的单边带调制产生30GHz毫米波的新方法,可应用于光载射频系统。该方法利用一个双布里渊散射移频结构生成泵浦光,并将其反向注入到传输信号光的25 km单模光纤;通过受激布里渊散射,直接放大受调制信号光的正三阶边带,实现光载波的单边带调制,有效改善由色散效应引入的功率涨落问题,保证了毫米波功率稳定。此外,信号光和泵浦光由同一个激光器产生,有效消除两者间的相对频率漂移,从而大大提升了毫米波生成系统的频率稳定性。通过我们的方法,实验系统所生成的毫米波功率增益了21dB,其3dB线宽为10kHz。     

基于相位调制器倍频技术产生56GHz毫米波的光载无线通信系统

提出并实验研究了一种基于光相位调制器(PM)倍频技术产生56GHz毫米波的光载无线通信(RoF)系统。在中心站,通过28GHz射频(RF)信号驱动PM产生了56GHz光毫米波,并将下行的2.8Gb/s开关键控(OOK)信号调制到该光载波上,然后经过20km标准单模光纤(SSMF)传输至基站,最后由天线进行发射。用户终端接收后,采用相干解调恢复出基带信号。实验结果表明,56GHz光载毫米波信号经SSMF传输20km后其功率代价小于1dB,通过无线方式传输1.1m后其功率代价小于2.5dB。     

基于两个平行马赫-增德尔调制器的光载无线传输系统

为提高光载无线(radio over fiber,RoF) 传输系统中的光波信号的利用率,本文提出了一种基于两个平行马赫-增德尔调制器 (Mach-Zehnder modulator,MZM) 的RoF传输系统。两个平行MZM经射频(radio frequency,RF) 信号调制后,产生5个光边带信号,分别是正负一阶光边带、正负二阶光边带和光载波。其中正负二阶光边带使用基带数据进行调制,经光电检测器(photodiode,PD) 拍频后产生已调数据的毫米波信号,再由天线发射出去。正二阶边带和光载波经PD拍频后产生未调制数据的毫米波,该毫米波用于接收端解调的本振信号(local oscillator,LO) 。负二阶边带信号用于上行链路的光载波。在本系统中,5个光边带信号都被充分利用,提高了光信号的利用效率。此外,还分析了该系统通过色散介质的传输特性,为RoF通信系统提供了一种实用化的解决方案。     

基于相位调制器产生光毫米波的全双工光纤无线通信系统

提出并实验研究了一种基于相位调制器产生光毫米波信号的全双工光纤无线通信(RoF)系统。在中心站采用相位调制器结合滤波的方法产生重复频率为40GHz的载波抑制双边带毫米波信号,利用交叉复用器分离开毫米波信号的上下边带,其中的一个边带强度调制数据速率为2.5Gbit/s的下行基带信号,另一个边带被发送到基站调制上行传输的基带数据。该系统抗色散效果好,在经过40km标准单模光纤上/下行传输数据速率2.5Gbit/s的基带信号后,双向的传输功率代价都小于0.5dBm。在光纤无线通信系统中采用相位调制器结合滤波的方法产生光毫米波,同时基于波长重用技术再生上行光载波信号,可以简化中心站和基站配置,节约系统成本。     

A novel scheme to implement duplex 60-GHz radio-over-fiber link with 20-GHz double-sideband optical millimeter-wave transmitted along the fiber

A duplex radio-over-fiber (RoF) link with a novel scheme to generate 60-GHz millimeter (mm)-wave using 20 GHz double sideband (DSB) optical mm-wave with signal carried only by its optical carrier is investigated. In the RoF downlink, the modulation frequency to generate the DSB optical mm-wave is reduced greatly. The theoretical analysis and numerical simulation show that this scheme cannot only eliminate the code form distortion caused by the time shifting of the sidebands, but also reduce the influence of the fading effect as the DSB optical mm-wave signal is transmitted along the fiber. Based on the scheme, the duplex RoF link with the frequency up- (down-) conversion of the down- (up-) link mm-wave signal is built and the uplink transmission performance is analyzed theoretically.     

基于ROF系统的光学倍频技术分析

光学倍频法（OFM）在低频电信号的驱动下可借助光电子器件的非线性调制获得满足光纤无线系统（ROF）应用要求的高频毫米波,是一种行之有效的光生毫米波方法。文中首先对基于铌酸锂马赫-曾德尔调制器（LN-MZM）的OFM产生高频毫米波的理论公式进行了推导,然后在此基础上对LN-MZM处于不同消光比和偏置条件下的光生毫米波过程进行了理论仿真。仿真结果表明了借助LN-MZM的OFM产生高频毫米波的有效性。     

Impact of Nonlinear Transfer Function and Imperfect Splitting Ratio of MZM on Optical Up-Conversion Employing Double Sideband With Carrier Suppression Modulation

Generation of optical millimeter-wave (mm-wave) signal using a Mach–Zehnder modulator (MZM) based on double-sideband (DSB), single-sideband (SSB), and double-sideband with carrier suppression (DSBCS) modulation schemes have been demonstrated for various applications, such as broadband wireless signals or optical up-conversion for wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) radio-over-fiber (RoF) network, wideband surveillance, spread spectrum, and software-defined radio. Among these schemes, DSBCS modulation offers the best receiver sensitivity, lowest spectral occupancy, the least stringent requirement of electrical bandwidth, and the smallest receiving power penalty after long transmission distance. Nonetheless, the inherent nonlinear E/O (electrical/optical) conversion response of a MZM is such that the signal quality of the optical mm-wave suffers. Fabrication tolerances make a balanced 50/50 splitting ratio of the MZM's y-splitter particularly difficult to achieve. As a result, imbalanced MZMs have a finite extinction ratio (ER) and degrade the optical carrier suppression ratio (OCSR) using DSBCS modulation. In this paper, the effect of the MZM nonlinearity and imbalanced y-splitter on optical mm-wave generation by DSBCS modulation is theoretically and experimentally investigated. A novel approach with better performance and greater cost-effectiveness than dual-electrode MZM (DD-MZM) is presented to realize a DSBCS modulation scheme based on a single-electrode MZM (SD-MZM).      

基于可变激光源和啁啾M-Z调制器的双调谐光电振荡器

设计了一种利用微波光子滤波器(MPF)实现频率可调谐的光电振荡器(OEO)。该模型通过双驱动Mach-Zehnder调制器(DD-MZM)和啁啾光栅形成高Q值的MPF,得出OEO的振荡频率是关于光源波长和DD-MZM直流偏置电压的函数,通过对光源波长或DD-MZM偏置电压的调整,可实现振荡频率调谐功能。同时,在电域上,利用RF耦合器和RF延时线形成两路具有延时差的反馈信号,通过合并后反馈至DD-MZM,从而有效地抑制边模。理论和仿真实验表明,针对不同的调谐范围可实现粗调和微调的功能。     

Design of mm-RoF system based on OFM technique with optimized OFDM modulation

We present the design of a novel bi-directional millimeter-wave radio-over-fiber (mm-RoF) system based on the millimeter-wave generation by optical frequency multiplication (OFM). A dual-drive Mach-Zehnder modulator is used to generate high-order optical side-modes which beat in the photo-detector, producing a 40-GHz carrier. Over 100-Mb/s orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation scheme is employed. The emphasis is on developing a mathematical model for optimizing optical modulation index to the Mach-Zehnder intensity modulator (IM) for OFDM signal with high peak-to-average power ratio which imposes a limitation on the system bit error rate (BER) performance due to the non-linearity of IM. The theoretical analysis on composite carrier to composite triple beat ratio is performed based on which extension to the system BER formula for quadrature phase shift keying/ multiple quadrature amplitude modulation (QPSK/MQAM) format is presented. The experimental proof is given in a 40-GHz RoF system at a bit rate of up to 280 Mb/s in 100-MHz bandwidth.     

基于光学倍频技术的WDM-ROF-PON系统设计

设计了一种将光载无线技术融合于波分复用无源光网络结构的系统。在发射端,系统采用光学倍频技术生成40GHz光毫米波载波,加载2.5Gbit/s的基带数据信号,下行链路传输性能良好且受色散影响小;在接收端,利用光波重用技术从下行信号中提取上行光载波,加载2.5Gbit/s上行基带数据信号。采用光学倍频技术降低了毫米波生成成本,提高了系统的实用性。     

Key technologies and system design for various radio over fiber applications

Key technologies and new system designs for various radio over fiber (RoF) applications are proposed and demonstrated. For ultrawideband (UWB) over fiber applications, several UWB pulses generation and distribution methods are carried out. Different kinds of UWB pulses are generated based on cross-polarization modulation methods. For millimeter-wave (mm-wave) wireless applications, a 32 GHz RoF system is demonstrated with microwave frequency sextupling by optical methods. After 20 km SMF transmission, the power penalty of 2.5 Gbit/s downlink service is less than 0.15 dB. It is also suitable to apply dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) technology to RoF system to support numerous base stations (BSs).     

基于级联马赫-曾德电光调制器的60GHz光载毫米波传输系统的研究

提出并实现了一种新的产生毫米波的六倍频技术。采用两个相同的串联马赫一曾德电光调制器（MZM）,调节第1个MZM调制器的偏置电压使其工作在最小传输模式,只输出奇次光谐波分量;调节第2个MZM调制器的偏置电压使其工作在最大传输模式,抑制所有的奇次光谐波分量。实验显示,采用10GHz的射频（RF）信号驱动这两台MZM调制器后...     

Multiple-frequency basestation RoF system based on polarization multiplexed FWM in SOA

An approach of multiple-frequency millimeter-wave(mm-wave)signal generation is proposed for radio-over-fiber(RoF)system with multiple-frequency basestations(MFBSs).Two groups of orthogonally polarized signals are injected into a semiconductor optical amplifier(SOA),and subsequently ten new different wavelengths are generated via four-wave mix-ing(FWM)effect.At each MFBS,different wavelengths are filtered out using demultiplexer and then input to a photodiode(PD)to generate the mm-wave signals with the frequencies from 52 GHz to 68 GHz at the interval of 2 GHz.Simulation results verify that the proposed multiple-frequency generation for MFBS RoF system can work properly.     

A novel scheme to generate multiband millimeter wave signals for 40 GHz full duplex radio-over-fiber system

This paper proposes a new scheme to generate frequency-diversity binary phase shift keying (BPSK) signals for radio-over-fiber (RoF) system. As is well known, the frequency diversity technology has the anti frequency selective fading characteristic and RoF system is a practical solution to increase the capacity and mobility of future-proof contents delivery and serve both fixed and mobile users. In this paper, our proposal can generate 20 GHz and 40 GHz millimeter-wave (mm-wave) signals simultaneously with the data rate of 1.25 Gbit/s employing only one electrical optical phase modulator (EOPM) and one Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) at the central station. With one additional MZM at the base station, the full duplex transmission can be accomplished. As the downstream data is phase modulated, the optical signal can be re-used to load the upstream data and no laser diode (LD) is needed at the base station, which simplify the structure of the base station. The 20 GHz electrical carrier is also generated which can be used to demodulate the BPSK signal. The whole scheme can be used in the future duplex RoF system.     

基于强度调制和布里渊效应的六倍频可调毫米波信号产生

提出了一种新型的基于马赫-曾德尔调制器(MZM)和布里渊效应实现六倍频可调毫米波信号输出的方法。在本方案中,先调节MZM的直流偏置,抑制偶数边带,留下奇数边带;经过大功率掺Er3+光纤放大器(EDFA)放大之后,使两个一阶边带的功率达到布里渊阈值之上,然后采用了25km的单模光纤(SMF)作为布里渊介质,滤除一阶边带,留下三阶边带;最后经过EDFA放大和光电探测器(PD)光电转换得到六倍频的毫米波信号。因为布里渊边带滤波是窄带滤波,与波长无关,故本系统可以实现波长无关的微波信号产生。     

基于双平行PM调制的60GHz光毫米波RoF系统研究

提出了一种采用相位调制器产生六倍频光载毫米波的RoF系统。该系统使用一个双平行相位调制器实现六倍频的调制,通过调节相位调制器的相位偏移量,产生出抑制一阶边带的光谱,耦合相减后得到三阶边带信号,在光电检测器中拍频,产生六倍于射频信号的光载毫米波。仿真结果表明,10GHz射频信号可以产生60GHz光载毫米波信号,5Gb/s的数据信号可在单模光纤中传输10km以上。     

基于光载无线技术的毫米波轨道角动量多维联合调制/解调研究

提出了一种基于光载无线(ROF)技术的W波段涡旋毫 米波生成及轨道角动量(OAM)多维联合调制 /解调方法。采用ROF技术在光域对微波源进行倍频生成W 波段光学毫米波,并通 过集成光调制 器对光学毫米波的相位和幅度进行调控。通过合理调控圆环天线阵列(CAAs)的辐射毫米波 相移,从而实 现涡旋毫米波的生成以及状态切换。同时,设计了64阶OAM、幅度和 相位的三维联合调制格式, 并通过模拟仿真,成功实现了75Gbit/s高阶联合调制信号的调制/解 调。研究结果表明,OAM 作为一个新 的物理维度不仅可以通过复用来实现传输容量密度的提升,同时也可以作为调制手段实现 传输容量的提 升,在提高无线频谱效率以及保密通信中具有重要的潜在应用价值。     

基于分布反馈激光器布里渊散射的高精度光谱测量

实现了一种基于光纤中受激布里渊散射(SBS)效应 的高分辨率光谱测量技术。使用连续可调谐分布反馈(DFB) 激光器作为泵浦光,与待测信号光在单模光纤(SMF)中发生受激布里渊放大相互作用,由此 实现对待测光的高分 辨率光谱测量与分析。DFB激光器的波长扫描通过高精度温度调谐来实现。与相关报道 中使用的外腔 可调谐激光器对比,DFB激光器具有体积小、成本低的优势。同时在波长扫描过程中,对DFB 激光器的输出光进行自 拍频处理获得其实时扫描速率,以此校正激光器的实时扫描波长,提高测量准确度。实验 初步验证了本文高分辨率光谱测量技术的可行性,并获得了0.24pm 的光谱分辨率。     

一种基于相位调制器的40 GHz OFDM-ROF系统实验研究

实验研究了一种基于相位调制器(PM)并级联强度调制器(IM)实现40 GHz毫米波传输正交频分复用(OFDM)信号的光纤无线通信(ROF)系统。在中心站,采用20 GHz的射频(RF)信号驱动PM,调节驱动信号的强度,使输出的信号经光纤布拉格光栅(FBG)滤除中心载波后再送入IM。2.5 Gbit/s的OFDM信号直接调制在光毫米波上,经过50 km标准的单模光纤(SSMF)传输到基站。在基站,光调制信号经光电转换器(PD)转换成电调制信号,再与RF信号混频,恢复出基带OFDM信号。实验结果表明,在无色散补偿、误码率(BER)为10-3的条件下,下行链路中2.5 Gbit/s的OFDM信号经光纤传输50 km后,其功率代价小于1 dB,而且信号的星座图依然较好。