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This paper studies the design and performance of cooled ceiling and displacement ventilation (CC/DV) systems application for buildings in Beirut for the purpose of saving energy. The transient thermal response of spaces cooled by the combined CC/DV system is needed for performance assessment. For that reason, the plume‐multi‐layer model of CC/DV cooled spaces is extended to transient applications. A design procedure for the combined CC/DV system in Beirut humid climate and buildings is developed to insure that both indoor air quality and comfort are satisfied within the conditioned zone. The contribution of the proposed procedure is that it guarantees that the stratification height (occupied zone) is at 1.1 m taking into consideration the plumes from internal sources and non‐isothermal walls. The design procedure is applied to a case study in Beirut to design a system for a typical office space at 85 W m?2 sensible cooling load. The CC/DV system size is compared with the size of a conventional mixed convection system. It is found that the size of the CC/DV system is 10.2 kW compared to conventional system size of 7.9 and 13.4 kW at the 30 and 100% fresh air supply, respectively. For the same indoor air quality and thermal comfort level, the CC/DV system consumed 21% less cooling energy than the conventional 100% fresh air system over the cooling season. The initial cost of the CC/DV system is higher, but the pay back period based on transient operation is less than 5 yr. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Chilled ceilings and displacement ventilation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Displacement ventilation and chilled ceiling systems have been promoted as being ‘greener’ alternatives to other common forms of air conditioning system. They have been viewed by some of the building services industry as a welcome departure from the traditional ‘North American’ systems of air conditioning most frequently adopted to date, and could be viewed as a more suitable alternative for use in the moderate climatic conditions of the UK.This paper reviews some of the authors' recent and current work on the performance of these systems in office environments. 相似文献
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介绍了顶板冷辐射与置换通风相结合的空调系统特点,分析了该系统在改善室内空气品质和满足人体的热舒适性方面的特点,评价了该系统的节能效果和经济性。 相似文献
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简述了置换通风的原理,回顾了置换通风应用的发展过程,总结了置换通风系统的优缺点,介绍了置换通风的设计方法和设计关键参数的确定,分析了置换通风的工作机理,介绍了置换通风的CFD研究,并指出置换通风是一种值得推荐的暖通空调方式。 相似文献
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This paper discusses the origination, development and current status of chilled ceilings, displacement ventilation and combined systems. Current knowledge of chilled ceilings (including ceiling panels and beams), displacement ventilation and combined systems is summarised and a comprehensive review of research into chilled ceilings and displacement ventilation systems is presented. Research work has been categorized, and some conclusions made. Opportunities for further work are discussed. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Commercial wind towers are passive ventilation technology based on traditional wind towers of the Middle East. Typical operation of wind towers in cold – mild climates is generally limited to summer-seasons as the outdoor air is too cold to be introduced into spaces for the majority of the year. In addition, the use of natural ventilation solutions has been seen to increase heat loss in buildings and lead to increased energy cost. Wind towers are normally shut down for the sake of avoiding indoor heating energy losses during winter months. Consequently, the concentration of pollutants has seen to rise above the guideline levels, which can lead to ill health. To improve the year-round capabilities of wind towers, a heat recovery system utilising the combination of heat pipes and heat sink was incorporated into a multi-directional wind tower. This study investigates the potential of this concept through the use of numerical analysis and wind tunnel experiments for validation. The findings showed that the wind tower with heat pipes was capable of meeting the required ventilation rates above an inlet air velocity of 1 m/s. In addition to sufficient ventilation, the integration of heat pipes had a positive effect on thermal performance of the wind tower; it raised the supply air by up to 4.5 K. The technology presented here is subject to a patent application (PCT/GB2014/052263). 相似文献
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《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2001,26(3):237-241
The main obstacles for the practical use of a metal hydride heat pump (MHHP) system are a low-heat transport rate of the metal hydride and a relatively large irreversible heat loss during the hydriding and dehydriding processes. Very extensive investigations are required to overcome these obstacles, which are both time-consuming and costly. In order to save both time and cost, computer simulation can be introduced in the development of such MHHP systems. In particular, simulation can provide useful technical knowledge for improving the system by optimum reactor construction and identification of optimum operational parameters.In this work, a simulation method for the MHHP system, based on the three-vector equilibrium space of temperature, concentration and enthalpy, is proposed and tested practically. Using a computer simulation program for a single reactor MHHP system driven by a given pressure or flow rate of hydrogen, it was possible to describe equilibrium properties of hydride as they are changed by variations in temperature and concentration. Simulation of the MHHP system with two reactors, i.e. one metal hydride pair, allowed the thermodynamics of a conventional system to be described theoretically. 相似文献
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Ruth Mossad 《热科学学报(英文版)》2000,9(3):211-216
IntroductionPigs are reared under more intensive conditions thanother fanned animals because of their unique nature.Their growth vales with their living environment andthey are very responsive to the climatic variationll'2'31.Therefore, they are subjected to intensive environmentcontrol and management for higher productivity. Mostprevious research conducted to predict the thermalconditions inside a piggery, whether steady or transientwas based on the one-dimensional heat balance. Someexamples… 相似文献
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Using a novel concept, the present study experimentally investigates underlying physics pertaining to statistics of the flame front position and the flame front velocity in turbulent premixed V-shaped flames. The concept is associated with characteristics of the reactants velocity at the vicinity of the flame front, referred to as the edge velocity. The experiments are performed using simultaneous Mie scattering and Particle Image Velocimetry techniques. Three mean streamwise exit velocities of: 4.0, 6.2, and 8.6 m/s along with three fuel–air equivalence ratios of: 0.7, 0.8, and 0.9 are examined. The results show that fluctuations of the flame front position and the flame front velocity are induced by the fluctuations of the component of the edge velocity transverse to the mean flow direction. Analysis of the results show that the mean of the flame front velocity in the normal direction to the flame front is significantly dependent on the vertical distance from the flame-holder. Relatively close to the flame-holder, the mean of the flame front velocity in the direction normal to the flame front is about zero; however, it increases to values several times larger than the laminar flame speed by increasing the vertical distance from the flame-holder. 相似文献
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舰船局部空调区与高温环境区的传热研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
分析了送风流量对舰船局部空调区的速度场、温度场的影响和局部空调区与环境区的显热与潜热传递情况,得出了局部空调区的有效半径、高温环境区向局部空调区传递的显热流量和潜热流量与送风量和风口安装高度的关系。 相似文献
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Ibrahim Dincer 《国际能源研究杂志》1996,20(7):643-649
This reseach was performed using experimental temperature data and a simple analytical model to estimate the temperature distributions at the centres of cylindrically canned products (diameter/thickness ratio = 4/1) during heat sterilization and cooling under continuous flow conditions for two retort temperatures (115 and 121°C). The recorded experimental temperature data for an individual can for two different retort temperatures were then used to construct the dimensionless experimental centre temperature curves. In order to predict dimensionless centre temperature profiles with a mathematical model, the convection boundary condition (i.e. 0·1 < Bi < 100) in transient heat transfer was considered. The predicted temperature profiles were compared with the experimental centre temperature measurements for two cases—heat sterilization and cooling. The experimental temperature values were in very good agreement with the theoretical predictions. The results of this study show that the present technique is a reasonable tool for estimating in a simple and accurate form the temperature distributions of a cylindrically canned product subject to both heat sterilization and cooling. 相似文献