初始几何缺陷对仓壁柱承钢筒仓稳定性能的影响

仓筒壁直接支承于支柱是小型钢筒仓的一种简单、经济的支承方式。薄壳结构通常对初始几何缺陷十分敏感。引入周向轴对称焊缝凹陷和特征值屈曲模态两种缺陷形式,通过几何非线性分析,研究初始缺陷对轴压下仓壁柱承筒仓稳定性能的影响。研究表明,周向焊缝凹陷会显著降低结构的屈曲荷载,且与焊缝位置密切相关,而特征值模态缺陷只有在支柱接近仓顶时才会显著影响其屈曲强度。     

风荷载作用下柱支承钢筒仓的受力性能

利用数值方法研究在风荷载作用下柱支承钢筒仓中圆柱壳的结构行为。首先总结作用于圆柱壳的周向风压分布,然后通过线性应力分析及几何非线性分析研究柱支承圆柱壳的受力性能特别是其稳定性,着重分析支承宽度的影响,最后探讨柱承圆柱壳的初始缺陷敏感性。     

复合材料圆柱壳非轴对称动力屈曲

考虑应力波效应,通过Hamilton原理得到轴向阶跃荷载下复合材料圆柱壳非轴对称动力屈曲控制方程。根据圆柱壳周向连续性设出径向位移的周向函数形式,使用分离变量法得到应力波反射前复合材料圆柱壳动力屈曲临界荷载解析解及屈曲模态,将该结果与里兹法所得结果进行了对比,结果表明两种方法所得临界荷载差值等于转动惯性的影响项。用MATLAB软件编程分析了径厚比、铺层角度等因素对临界荷载的影响。结果表明转动惯性对圆柱壳动力屈曲临界荷载的影响可以忽略,环向模态数越大,临界荷载越大且对应的屈曲模态图越复杂。     

受轴压黏弹性层合圆柱壳的极值点蠕变失稳

基于Donnell薄壳理论, 采用准弹性方法, 分析了含初始几何缺陷黏弹性层合圆柱壳极值点形式的延迟失稳特征。由轴向缩短量的突然增加定义失稳临界时间, 对玻璃纤维/环氧树脂层合圆柱壳进行了数值计算。结果表明: 圆柱壳存在临界时间趋于无穷的持久临界荷载; 表征延迟失稳程度的瞬时弹性临界荷载与持久临界荷载之差值随着初始几何缺陷的增加而减小; 边界条件、 铺设方式对延迟失稳的影响机制可通过对应弹性层合圆柱壳的缺陷敏感性分析来考察。      

圆柱壳三次非均匀有理B样条曲线变角度铺放轨迹设计及屈曲特性

基于三次非均匀有理B样条(NURBS)曲线,开展纤维变角度圆柱壳设计及其屈曲特性研究。首先,以三次NURBS曲线定义纤维变角度铺放参考轨迹,确定了变角度铺层的表示方式。其次,以纤维变角度铺层±<25(0.4)(0.8)75>和±<65(0.4)(0.8)10>为例,展示了三次NURBS曲线轴向平移铺层和周向平移铺层在圆柱壳上的纤维角度分布情况。然后,用纤维变角度铺层代替定刚度圆柱壳中的±45°铺层,对变刚度圆柱壳进行线性屈曲分析,对轴向平移圆柱壳、周向平移圆柱壳和定刚度圆柱壳进行对比。最后,在曲率半径约束下,研究权因子对圆柱壳屈曲性能的影响。结果表明：周向平移圆柱壳有着更好的屈曲性能;在曲率半径约束下,通过确定起始角、终止角和控制点参数得到屈曲性能优异的变刚度圆柱壳,而改变权因子能使变刚度圆柱壳的屈曲载荷再次提高。     

一般边界条件下受轴向冲击圆柱壳的动力特性计算分析

在受轴向冲击圆柱壳的非冲击端引入轴向、周向、径向和径向旋转4个方向边界弹簧模拟一般边界条件。根据Love薄壳理论得到圆柱壳变形过程中的应力应变,并采用一种改进的Fourier级数方法表示圆柱壳沿坐标轴方向的位移。将应力应变以及位移代入圆柱壳的能量表达式,采用基于Hamilton方程的一阶变分法对能量表达式进行推导和变换,得到一般边界条件下受轴向冲击圆柱壳的自然频率以及动力屈曲临界载荷的判别式。计算分析了一般边界条件对受轴向冲击圆柱壳的自然频率和屈曲临界载荷的影响,以及不同边界条件圆柱壳屈曲模态的类型特点。结果表明：一般边界条件下自然频率随着冲击载荷增大而降低;随着轴向波数的增加圆柱壳自然频率及屈曲临界载荷增大,随着周向波数的增加屈曲临界载荷也增大;轴向、周向、径向和径向旋转各个方向边界刚度对圆柱壳自然频率和屈曲临界载荷的影响都是刚度系数越小,自然频率越低而临界载荷越大;圆柱壳受轴向冲击,边界条件的改变会影响屈曲模态。     

复合材料圆柱壳轴压屈曲性能分析

对完整复合材料圆柱壳轴向压缩性能进行了试验研究,得到了圆柱壳结构的破坏载荷和各测量点的载荷-应变曲线,通过分析得出结构的破坏形式为屈曲破坏。利用ANSYS有限元软件建立了模型,对复合材料圆柱壳进行屈曲分析,将有限元计算的结构变形和屈曲载荷与试验结果进行对比,计算结果与试验结果一致,验证了模型的有效性。利用建立的有限元模型,分析了开口尺寸和铺层角度对含矩形开口的复合材料圆柱壳屈曲载荷的影响。在开口处加装复合材料口盖对结构进行补强,补强后的柱壳结构满足强度设计要求。     

MT300/KH420碳纤维/聚酰亚胺树脂复合材料层合圆柱壳高温承载性能

基于Donnell-Mushtali近似理论及热弹性理论,考虑结构热变形和材料高温性能衰减等温度影响因素,对MT300/KH420碳纤维/聚酰亚胺树脂复合材料圆柱壳在常温、420℃及周向210~420℃不均匀温度场等热载工况下的承载性能进行了理论分析。并引入一阶屈曲模态缺陷作为几何初始扰动,利用ABAQUS,采用非线性显式动力学方法完成对MT300/KH420复合材料圆柱壳在以上热载工况下的轴压稳定性有限元仿真计算,计算结果与理论分析较为一致。设计并开展MT300/KH420复合材料圆柱壳力-热载荷联合轴压试验,获得圆柱壳在以上热载工况下的破坏载荷和破坏模式。研究表明:高温工况下,力学性能衰减和温场不均匀引起的结构热变形是影响MT300/KH420复合材料圆柱壳轴向失稳载荷的主要因素。      

受轴向冲击圆柱壳非对称屈曲分析

轴向冲击荷载作用下薄壁圆柱壳屈曲变形研究一直受人们关注,探讨其动态响应的特征和机理,不仅可以丰富冲击屈曲研究内容,而且为提高结构的抗冲击能力提供理论基础。众多实验现象表明,圆柱壳在轴向冲击荷载作用下非对称屈曲时截面为规则几何形状,且不只三角形一种模式,也不是随机现象,而具有一定规律性。文章对环向截面屈曲耗能计算进行理论推导,通过分析对比屈曲耗能与折叠边数、圆柱壳半径的关系,根据最小耗能原理,证实变形规律存在,并分析得到,随半径增加圆柱壳非对称屈曲由三角形模式向多边形模式发展,最终有转变为轴对称变形模式的可能。     

有初始缺陷圆柱壳轴向压力下的静态塑性屈曲

基于初始缺陷的定义式,推导出有初始缺陷的圆柱壳的几何方程。并假定了一种屈曲时的挠度函数,通过该函数求解塑性屈曲方程,可得到有初始缺陷的圆柱壳塑性屈曲的临界载荷。最后将所得结果与已有的实验结果作了比较。     

轴向冲击下环向加筋复合材料圆柱壳的非线性动力响应

采用半解析的方法，建立离散加筋圆柱壳模型，基于复合材料多层扁壳大挠度的剪切变形理论，利用Hamilton原理导出环向加筋复合材料圆柱壳的非线性运动控制方程；用Galerkin方法对空间变量进行离散，将位移和载荷展开为双级数，得到有关时间的常微分方程组，最后采用R-Kutta方法数值求解．通过算例，讨论了加筋肋骨几何参数、铺层角度、辅层方式、铺层层数等因素对动力响应的影响。     

Study of the effect of in-plane and interlaminar stresses on damping in fluid-filled laminated composite cylinders

The modal strain energy method is used in conjunction with a three-dimensional finite element analysis in the characterization of the effects of in-plane and interlaminar stresses in fluid-filled composite laminate cylindrical shells. A semi-analytical, 8-noded isoparametric finite element, which includes both the symmetric and antisymmetric modes in the circumferential direction, is used in the analysis. The effects of fiber angle, contained fluid height, size parameter of the shell, and stacking sequence on the contribution of in-plane and interlaminar stresses to the overall system damping in fluid-filled, composite laminate cylindrical shells are studied.     

Stiffness control of cylindrical shells under axial compression using piezocomposite actuators—An experimental investigation

The present study explores the modification and control of prebuckling stiffness of cylindrical shells for their potential use in smart structures. The effects of surface-bonded microfiber composite actuator patches on cylindrical shells subjected to axial compression are studied experimentally. The actuators are placed such that the distance separating them is less than the observed axial and circumferential buckling wavelengths. Strain gauge sensors are used to measure the axial strains at discrete locations on the cylindrical shell. Experimental results indicate that the actuation effect can reduce the local strains as well as improve the overall stiffness of the structure. The results obtained in this study potentially have a significant impact in space applications.     

Interferometric measurement of near-cylindrical surfaces with high amplitude resolution

Subaperture interferometric measurements of highly curved surfaces with a shape close to a cylinder have been performed in a normal-incident setup that consists of a Fizeau interferometer in combination with a plano-concave cylindrical lens. Since the field of view in the circumferential direction is limited by spherical aberration, the optical components were designed to minimize spherical aberration. For reference measurements a second plano-convex cylindrical lens was used. The subaperture setup leads to three-dimensional surface maps of the objects under test. To eliminate the influence of residual geometric aberrations, rectangular polynomials have been fitted and subtracted from the raw data. For deformations with spatial wavelengths below 30 mm, a rms amplitude resolution of 1 nm and a rms amplitude accuracy of 3 nm were achieved. Measurements on Wolter-type-I mirror shells are discussed in detail.     

双向密肋壳体结构风稳定性研究

风荷载沿壳体表面的作用是非均匀变化的,因此,关于这类壳体的稳定性研究是比较复杂的。本文根据Ｔｒｅｆｆｔｚ准则计算了加肋圆柱壳体在风荷载下的稳定,并考虑了肋偏心的影响。根据计算结果,有以下结论： （１）不加肋的壳体承载力最低。 （２）环向加肋比纵向加肋的承载力高。 （３）环向和纵向都加肋的承载力最高,而且以外侧加肋效果最好,内侧加肋效果次之。     

叠层复合材料圆柱壳的细-宏观阻尼特性预测

研究了叠层复合材料圆柱壳的细-宏观阻尼特性。基于Reissner-Naghdi薄壳理论,给出了圆柱壳的振动微分方程,在分量变量的过程中,采用Haar小波级数表示轴向振型,Fourier级数表示环向振型,通过边界条件求解积分过程中出现的未知系数,进而得到用于分析圆柱壳自由振动特性的特征方程;基于单层混杂材料的细观力学阻尼计算方法和多胞模型,分别获得单层复合材料的等效阻尼特性和等效弹性特性,利用复模量法对复合材料圆柱壳的阻尼特性进行预测。通过与其他文献中阻尼预测的结果进行对比,验证了该研究所采用方法的有效性;进一步针对四种典型的边界条件,即固支-固支(C-C)、固支-简支(C-S)、简支-简支(S-S)、固支-自由(C-F)等边界,从细-宏观层面分析了纤维含量、环向波数、铺层方式和几何参数等因素对复合材料圆柱壳阻尼特性的影响规律。     

Stressed state in a cylindrical shell weakened by two unequal openings

The method of finite elements is used for solving problems of orthotropic cylindrical shells made of composite materials with several unequal openings within the framework of a refined theory of the Timoshenko type. The initial region is subdivided into rectangular isoparametric elements. A numerical example of a cylindrical shell stressed by internal pressure is given. The effect of the shear stiffness and the radii of the openings on the stress concentration at the opening contours is investigated.Translated from Problemy Prochnosti, No. 9, pp. 34–38, September, 1992.     

Postbuckling of functionally graded fiber reinforced composite laminated cylindrical shells, Part I: Theory and solutions

Buckling and postbuckling behavior are presented for fiber reinforced composite (FRC) laminated cylindrical shells subjected to axial compression or a uniform external pressure in thermal environments. Two kinds of fiber reinforced composite laminated shells, namely, uniformly distributed (UD) and functionally graded (FG) reinforcements, are considered. The governing equations are based on a higher order shear deformation shell theory with von Kármán-type of kinematic non-linearity and including the extension-twist, extension-flexural and flexural-twist couplings. The thermal effects are also included, and the material properties of FRC laminated cylindrical shells are estimated through a micromechanical model and are assumed to be temperature dependent. The non-linear prebuckling deformations and the initial geometric imperfections of the shell are both taken into account. A singular perturbation technique is employed to determine the buckling loads and postbuckling equilibrium paths of FRC laminated cylindrical shells.