温湿度独立控制空调系统在医院建筑中的应用

分析了温湿度独立控制空调系统的核心概念及特点,介绍了该系统在医院洁净区域和舒适性区域的应用方式.能耗对比表明,该系统应用于医院洁净区域,比常规洁净空调系统节能35%以上,应用于舒适性区域,比常规空调系统节能25%以上.     

半室外空间内部水体对热湿环境的影响及热舒适性评价研究

建立了一套研究半室外空间内部水体对热湿环境影响及舒适性评价的方法,并以某实际工程为研究对象,采用该方法对半室外空间内部河道水体对热湿环境的影响进行了模拟分析。模拟结果发现,自然通风工况下该环境在夏季通风设计条件下部分区域的适应性平均热感觉指数可达到Ⅱ级舒适性要求,但是在河岸的角落出现热舒适性较差、仅达Ⅲ级舒适性的区域。对此,建议在热舒适性较差的区域增设局部通风设施(例如风扇等)来增强该区域的气流流动,从而实现改善局部热舒适性的目标。研究认为,将河岸角落区域的气流流速增强到0.6 m/s以上时,热舒适性指标即可以达到Ⅱ级要求。     

既有围合场地中建筑布局对室外风环境的影响分析

以天津市某项目为分析案例,本着"低影响开发"的原则,从多个角度分析研究了既有围合场地环境中不同建筑布局对室外风环境的影响,建议综合采用风场分布均匀性、风速舒适性区域所占比例、建筑物前后压差大于1.5 Pa的面积比例等作为评价建筑布局方案的指标。     

广场环境设计中的气候分析--以上海浦东九六广场为例

将"广场冬季气候舒适性空间分布评价图"叠加在初步设计方案的平面图上可发现,上海浦东九六广场原有环境设计存在绿化设施和草地设置不合理、水景广场位于气候不舒适区、入口小广场平面的风速过大等问题,应对原方案作进一步的修改.     

华南典型湿热气候区的人体热舒适性研究

采用实验室研究的方法对华南地区的人体热舒适性进行了研究.通过对不同性别、不同年龄、不同地区的人体热舒适进行分析,得出性别在舒适区域对人体热舒适性影响不大,不同职业及年龄对人体热舒适影响较大,尤其是不同职业的影响.根据本文实验研究的特点,通过粗略的统计方法得出80%满意率的作用温度范围,与ASHRAE 55-1992和ISO7730标准进行比较后得出,本次实验的舒适区域要宽泛一些,相对湿度对热感觉的影响要高于前人的结论.     

区域供冷供热应用于住宅区的前景和必要条件

区域供冷供热在住宅区的应用,符合"节能、环保、舒适"的城市规划和能源政策导向,具备良好的发展前景.由于住宅固有的特点,区域供冷供热在住宅区的应用应在使用舒适性和可靠性、成本、收费等方面考虑如何使业主真正受益,并从投资、实施、经营、管理等多方面落实必要条件,促使区域供冷供热在住宅产业化进程中得到发展.     

床头睡眠送风末端装置的实验研究

提出了一种新型的床头睡眠送风末端装置,并对该装置进行了温度场、速度场、新风分布范围及阻力的测试与分析。结果表明,该床头睡眠送风末端装置新风分布区域广,温度场和速度场分布符合人体舒适范围,阻力小,满足睡眠送风健康与舒适性要求。     

沈阳地区办公室工作区眩光模拟研究 ——以沈阳建筑大学机关办公室为例

在自然采光条件下,办公室内部产生的眩光是引起人视觉不舒适的重要原因之一.由于办公工位及周围的视线可达范围为人眼长时间停留区域,该区域的舒适程度直接影响办公室内的体验.以沈阳建筑大学一处机关办公室为例,基于Ladybug和Honeybee软件,完成不舒适眩光指数DGI及不舒适眩光概率DGP的模拟;通过对室内特定区域范围的...     

基于舒适性的人行天桥振动评价应用

针对大跨径人行天桥振动评价问题,对比了国内外关于天桥振动问题的规定,对某天桥方案进行了动力分析,并采用德国规范对该桥的人行舒适性进行了评价,指出该桥能达到行人的舒适性标准要求。     

成都地区夏季高校图书馆热舒适性研究

改善高校图书馆建筑热舒适环境是提高学生学习条件的重要方面。基于对现场实测和调查问卷的方法,对成都地区某高校图书馆室内温度、相对湿度、辐射温度、风速进行了现场测试,同时,对室内人体热舒适性主观评价进行了调研,然后对不同楼层及不同区域实测数据与TSV的投票结果进行了对比分析。研究结果表明,热舒适性随楼层升高而降低,同楼层内由中心区域向窗户处递减,而临湖面区域又较背湖面区域热舒适高。此外,给出了改善图书馆建筑热舒适性的建议。     

浅析高速公路工程招投标中的最低评标价法

结合目前高速公路施工项目招投标活动的实际情况,阐述了最低评标价法的概念,归纳了其优点及存在问题,对完善最低评标价法提出几点策略,以期促进招标投标市场更加规范有序。     

Place-Making in Megaprojects in Melbourne

This article analyses state-led place-making practices in Melbourne. The two levels of government that influence planning in Melbourne make much of the city as ‘culturally vibrant’ and ‘creative’, and have incorporated creative city-inspired place-making principles into many layers of the planning system. An examination of the development of two mixed-use megaprojects in central Melbourne reveals however that ideals of culturally engaging public places, and indeed of creative landscapes for middle-class consumption, wither in the face of more basic imperatives for economic development. In these case studies the ‘creative city’, no matter how the idea is interpreted, has little traction either as a set of inclusive place-making principles or as a gentrification strategy. The article concludes that the creative city-inspired place-making objectives in the planning system at both state and local levels are ambiguous in their overall intents and completely unsupported by statutory controls. Such place-making objectives as are realised are the compromised results of the interplay of uncoordinated decisions, delivered at the pleasure of the developer.     

Pathogens in septage in Vietnam

Septage is widely acknowledged as a major source of infectious pathogens while disposal of septage, and the operation and maintenance of septic tanks, is not regulated in many developing countries. Twenty untreated septage and septage sludge samples were taken from Can Tho City, Vietnam to examine their pathogen content, and indicator micro-organisms. Escherichia coli and Enterococcus spp. were detected in all samples, regardless of sludge storage time. Phages were detected in 80% of samples. Salmonella spp. were detected in 70% of the untreated septage and 60% of septage sludge samples. Concentrations of phages and bacteria tested in septage sludge after many years of tank storage were much higher than the expected levels. Helminth ova were present in 95% of untreated septage samples with an average of 450 ova l^− 1, and were detected in all septage sludge samples with an average of 16,000 ova l^− 1. Twelve varieties of helminth ova were identified. More helminth ova varieties in higher concentrations were found in septage than those reported from stool samples. The varieties' frequency ranged from 10% to 50% and Ascaris lumbricoides predominated. Results show that pathogens and indicator micro-organisms, especially helminth ova, accumulate in sludge. Thus helminth ova should be considered when septage sludge is treated and used for agriculture. Proper health protection measures must be applied for people handling septage.     

新时期广东城市化的新特点

新时期广东城市化出现以下特点:知识源导向、城市由单体向群体化发展、产业集群推动、政府主导自上而下的集约化发展、城镇化向城市化转变、由重“数量”发展向重“质量”发展的转变。     

在市场中实践在实践中学习在学习中进步--工程公司市场化进程的回顾与展望

近两年来，工程公司在提高市场竞争意识、推动市场化进程中做了大量工作，其中坚持走出去的方针是我们自我加压、推行加快市场化步伐的一个重要战略步骤。     

新形势下高校强化基建财务管理的探讨

在市场条件下高校基建财务人员在加强日常财务管理的同时,必须树立起高度的工作责任心,抓好事前监督、事中监督、事后监督三个环节,全面理解、贯彻执行《高等学校财务制度》,管好用好各项基本建设资金,提高基建财务管理水平,更好地完成高校各项基建任务,以有限的投资,最快的建设速度,获得最大的投资效益。     

Experiences in radon-safe building in Finland

A study was made of radon-safe buildings in 300 Finnish low-rise residential buildings using data obtained from a questionnaire study. The study also aims at finding the main defects in design and implementation and how the guidance given on radon-safe buildings in slab-on-grade houses has been followed. According to the guidelines, the prevention of the flow of radon-bearing air from the soil into the house is recommended to be carried out through installation of aluminised bitumen felt and use of elastic sealants. Second, as a precaution perforated piping should be installed in the subsoil of the floor slab. The median indoor radon concentration in the houses was 155 Bq/m3. This is 32% lower than the median of the estimated reference values. The action level of 200 Bq/m3 was still exceeded in 40% of the houses. In most houses with slab-on-grade the prevention was based only on the installation of a sub-slab depressurisation system. Sealing was performed in a low number of houses. In 80% of houses with a sub-slab piping connected to an operating fan, radon concentration was below the action level of 200 Bq/m3. In houses with piping but no fan, the corresponding fraction was only 45%. Sub-slab piping without a fan had no remarkable effect on radon concentration. In houses with crawl-space and edge-thickened slabs, radon concentrations were low. The choice of foundation system thus significantly affects the indoor radon concentration. The importance of complete and careful sealing work should be stressed in advice and guides concerning radon prevention.     

浅谈我国工程项目建设成本控制存在的问题

结合目前我国施工企业工程项目成本管理现状,对工程项目成本管理过程中存在的问题进行了较详细的分析,并提出了一些解决问题的办法,以做好项目成本控制工作,进而增强企业经济实力。     

2008年日本火灾情况

<正>1火灾总数在2008年(1～12月),日本发生的火灾总数为52 394起,与2007年相比减少了2 188起(4.0%)。这相当于平均1天大约发生143起火灾,每10min发生一起火灾。火灾类别(见表1)。     

Variation in property taxation in Tulsa

Conclusions It may be reasonably concluded from this study that the range of variation in these ratios of assessed to actual value are of a reasonable size for the great majority of cases. The frequency distribution of these sample ratios was not normal, however, as was assumed a process of this type would produce. On the other hand, the failure of the regression analysis to identify any significant variables which would explain these variations would tend to re-enforce the assumption that the fluctuations were indeed of a random nature.To sum it up in one paragraph, aside from a few extreme cases, the assessing process appears to give estimates which are more consistent than would be expected under the assumption that any errors would be of a random nature, but the regression analysis was unable to isolate any particular socioeconomic characteristics which would explain the variation which was present.Financial support for this research project was furnished by the University of Tulsa.