内循环气升式生物反应器培养甘草细胞

自行设计研制了７Ｌ,９Ｌ及２５Ｌ内循环气升式生物反应器,并应用于甘草细胞的放大培养研究。在接种量为８％（Ｗ／Ｖ）通气率为０．２—０．２５ｖｖｍ的条件下,甘草细胞在反应器中生长迅速。其中在９Ｌ反应器中生长最好,最高生物量达１６．２５ｇ／Ｌ,生长速率达０．９ｇ／Ｌ．ｄ,均高于摇瓶培养。培养过程中ｐＨ值、溶氧状况通过电极自动显示记录,说明设计的气升式生物反应器适合于甘草细胞的大规模培养。     

10升气升环流式生物反应器培养紫草细胞

本文采用自行设计研制的10升气升环流式生物反应器培养紫草细胞,培养周期34d．前14d为细胞生长培养,细胞生长呈正常的S型曲线,细胞增长到原细胞接人量的4倍．后20d为紫草色素生产培养,细胞增长到32倍。整个周期每升培养液可生产紫草色素0．6g,在反应器中,培养液pH值的变化与细胞生长呈正相关,与紫草色素的形成呈负相关,pH值变化规律可用于监测紫草细胞在生物反应器的生长和色素形成．     

气升式生物反应器在杂交瘤细胞培养中的应用

前述研究工作基础上,设计开发了10L规模的动物细胞培养用气升式生物反应器。应用该生物反应器悬浮培养杂交瘤细胞．通过平行试验,考察了该反应器设计的合理性和可靠性。结果显示该反应器不存在限制细胞生长、代谢和产物生成的因素,而且细胞破损技彻底消除,表明该气升式生物反应器给细胞生长、代谢和产物生成提供了理想的培养环境,其设计是成功的。     

螺旋藻连续培养与动力学模型

在内循环气升式光生物反应器中 ,研究了钝顶螺旋藻 (SpirulinaplatensisGeitler)细胞的连续生长及其对碳源底物的利用特性。结果表明 :随着稀释率的增大 ,反应器中碳源浓度和细胞浓度分别呈上升和下降趋势 ,它们之间的关系可用Monod类型的方程很好地加以关联。细胞产率和碳消耗速率与稀释率的关系存在峰值现象 :在本实验条件下 ,最大细胞产率为 0 .36 2g/(L·d) ,最大碳消耗速率为 0 .177g/(L·d) ,此时稀释率为 0 .45 /d ,细胞浓度为OD560 =1.2 82 ,细胞对碳的得率系数为 2 .0 5 0g/g。所提出的连续培养动力学模型与实验数据拟合较好     

螺旋藻批式与连续培养及其生长动力学

在内循环气升式光生物反应器中,分别研究了螺旋藻细胞在批式和连续培养条件下的生长特性,结果表明：Richards模型和指数衰减模型可较好地描述批式培养时细胞和碳源底物浓度与培养时间的关系;批式培养时最大细胞生长速率为0371g/d/L,细胞对碳的得率系数为3.439g/gC;连续培养时随着稀释率的增大,细胞和底物浓度分别呈下降和上升趋势;连续培养时最大细胞产率为0.362g/L/d,最佳稀释率为0.45/d,细胞对碳的得率系数为2.050g/gC;所提出的连续培养动力学模型可较好地拟合实验数据。     

蔓三七茎多糖理化性质及抗氧化和免疫调节研究

为提取蔓三七茎中的多糖及研究它的理化性质并评价其抗氧化、免疫调节活性,以蔓三七茎为原料,采用水提醇沉法获得蔓三七茎粗多糖(GPSCP),先测定了粗多糖的含量、糖醛酸含量、硫酸根含量、蛋白质含量。再采用Sevage试剂和透析法对蔓三七茎粗多糖进行纯化,得到蔓三七茎多糖(GPSP)。采用气相色谱法测定GPSP中单糖组分和红外光谱测定多糖的结构,通过总抗氧化能力、DPPH自由基、OH自由基的清除能力评价GPSP的体外抗氧化能力;通过体外实验评估GPSP对RAW264.7巨噬细胞免疫调节活性。结果表明,所得GPSCP的得率为15.56%,总糖含量为52.32%;GPSP的得率为8.67%,含量为78.54±2.13%;GPSP中单糖组成为鼠李糖、阿拉伯糖、木糖、甘露糖、葡萄糖、半乳糖,摩尔比为1.69∶4.64∶9.17∶1.00∶1.92∶4.85。体外抗氧化实验结果表明,GPSP具有良好的抗氧化能力,对总抗氧化能力、DPPH和OH自由基清除效果明显。GPSP可显著提高RAW264.7细胞内一氧化氮(NO)的浓度,在给药浓度为50.0μg/mL时,NO的分泌量达到最大,为39.28±3.25μmol/L,GPSP可以提高免疫力,在功能食品的开发中,可以作为一个潜在的免疫调节剂。     

两种微藻在光生物反应器中的生长和胞内多糖含量研究

利用气升式光生物反应器就光照周期、光质和通气速度对湛江叉鞭金藻和盐藻的生长和胞内多糖含量进行了研究。结果表明：(1)湛江叉鞭金藻和盐藻在亮暗比分别为12L：12D和18L：6D时生长最快,在18L：6D下两种微藻多糖含量较高;(2)不同光质比较,叉鞭金藻在蓝光、红光下,盐藻在红光、白光下有较高的生长速率和多糖含量;(3)600ml／min的通气速度可以获得较好的培养效果。     

VerO细胞在气升式反应器中的微载体培养

哺乳动物细胞的大规模培养是生产许多医学上重要生物制品的一种主要方法之－⑴。很多有工业价值的动物细胞都是贴壁细胞,必须附着在一定的表面上才能生长,微载体培养是一种有效的体系⑵。用于微载体培养的反应器多为搅拌式反应器,近年来,流化床式反应器越来越引起生化工程学家的重视。有希望用于大规模动物细胞培养的主要是液升和气升式。液升式反应器的优点是培养液可以间接氧饱和,气泡和细胞不直接接触。在气升式流态反应器中,气泡与细胞直接接触,其优点是操作方便,设备筒单。本文报道通过气升流态化反应器实现高密度贴壁细胞培养工艺条件的研究。     

三七愈伤组织的培养

在MS培养基中加入不同浓度的KT和2,4-D,综合考虑三七愈伤组织生长缓慢兼顾皂甙含量,较合适的KT浓度为0.7ppm,较合适的2,4-D浓度在2—3ppm之间。在培养基中补充各种添加剂,结果以椰子乳和水解乳蛋白较好。综合生长和皂甙含量以20％的椰子乳和0.7％的水解乳蛋白较合适。从21个三七愈伤组织无性繁殖系中筛选山了5个较优的无性系,特别是其中04号无性系更优,无论生长速率还是总皂甙含量都更高。通过以上研究,使三七愈伤组织的生长速率达220毫克/升/天,是原初培养愈伤组织(54.0mg干重/升/天)的4倍。愈伤组织中总皂甙含量高达13％,是原初培养愈伤组织(5.37％)的2.4倍,为原植物的3倍。从而证明了三七培养组织次级代谢的全能性是可调节的,为三七细胞工程的工业生产应用打下了初步基础。     

新型气升式反应器在发酵培养中的应用研究

本文以Ｌ－苹果酸生产为例,采用新型的分段内循环气升式反应器分批培养产延胡索酸酶的产氨短杆菌ＭＡ－２,并与同等规模机械搅拌反应器中接着的结果相比较。数据表明,采用气升式发酵设备进行培养,该菌体的收率能提高近３％,且发酵周期能缩短一半左右,显著降低培养成本,该类型的反应器具有广阔的应用前景。     

Improvement of Panax notoginseng cell culture for production of ginseng saponin and polysaccharide by high density cultivation in pneumatically agitated bioreactors

A Panax notoginseng cell culture was successfully scaled up from shake flask to 1.0-L bubble column reactor and concentric-tube airlift reactor. High-density bioreactor batch cultivation was carried out using a modified MS medium. The maximum cell density in batch cultures reached 20.1, 21.0 and 24.1 g/L in the shake flask, bubble column and airlift reactors, respectively, and their corresponding biomass productivity was 950, 1140 and 1350 mg/(L x d) for each. The productivity of ginseng saponin was 70, 96 and 99 mg/(L x d) in the flask, bubble column and airlift reactors, respectively; and the polysaccharide productivity reached 104, 119 and 151 mg/(L x d) for each. Furthermore, a fed-batch cultivation strategy was developed on the basis of specific oxygen uptake rate (SOUR), i.e., sucrose feeding before a sharp decrease of SOUR, and the highest cell density of 29.7 g/L was successfully achieved in the airlift bioreactor on day 17 with a very high biomass productivity of 1520 mg/(L x d). The concentrations of ginseng saponin and polysaccharide reached about 2.1 and 3.0 g/L, respectively, and their productivity was 106 (saponin) and 158 mg/(L x d) (polysaccharide). This work successfully demonstrated the high-density bioreactor cultivation of P. notoginseng cells in pneumatically agitated bioreactors and the reproduction of the shake flask culture results in bioreactors. The cell density, biomass productivity, production titer and productivity of both ginseng saponin and polysaccharide obtained here were the highest that have been reported on a reactor scale for all the ginseng species.     

Studies on Fermentation Culture of Cells of Panax notoginseng

The saponin content of Panax notoginseng cell cultures-was 11.14% of dry weight, the saponin yield was 1513.3mg· L-1, and yield of cell cultures was 13.58g dry wt · L-1 per month in fermentation culture, which were all better than those obtained from in suspension culture. Increasing inoculum quantity could obviously increase growth rate, saponin content and yield of cell cultures. An aeration rate of 0.8vvm was optimal for fermentation culture of the cells. The pH value of the culture broth went down from 5.80 to 3.92 gradually and never returned in fermentation culture of P. notoginseng cells.     

Production of ginsenoside saponins by culturing ginseng (Panax ginseng) embryogenic tissues in bioreactors

Summary Ginseng (Panax ginseng) embryogenic tissues were cultured in three types of reactors and the ginsenoside productivities in these tissues were compared. As a result, the saponin productivity was the best when an airlift reactor was used, and more than twice of that when a paddle or internal turbine reactor was used. The tissues grew 9 fold during 42 days, and the ginsenoside pattern resembled that of ginseng leaves.Part 98 in the series Studies on Plant Tissue Cultures For Part 97 see Orihara, Y., and Furuya, T., (1993) submitted for publication.     

Analysis of the biomass quality and photosynthetic efficiency of a nitrogen-fixing cyanobacterium grown outdoors with two agitation systems

The efficiency of two different agitation systems (airlift and paddlewheel) in the biomass photoproduction of a nitrogen-fixing filamentous blue-green alga was evaluated outdoors, and the elemental and molecular composition of the cells grown with each system was analyzed. With the paddlewheel system, the productivity values achieved were over 30% higher than with the airlift system, both in summer and winter. In this last season, a conversion efficiency of total solar energy into stored biomass energy of 3.3% was estimated for the paddlewheel system. Moreover, the algal cells grown with this system exhibited a higher net protein (58.9% of dry weight) and nitrogen (11.3%) content than those grown with the airlift device, with an estimated nitrogen fixation rate of more than 2 g N m(-2) day(-1). These advantages of the paddlewheel system make this procedure more appropriate for the large-scale photoproduction of nitrogen-fixing blue-green algae outdoors.     

Pilot-plant production of prednisolone using calcium alginate immobilized Arthrobacter simplex

The maximum conversion of hydrocortisone suspensions at initial substrate concentrations greater than 4 g/L by immobilized Arthrobacter simplex in a batch reactor was 80-85%. By feeding hydrocortisone suspensions continuously to either a fed-batch-operated stirred tank reactor or to a continuous-flow airlift loop reactor, at a rate such that the soluble hydrocortisone concentration in the reactor remained ca. 0.05 g/L, 95% conversion of substratewas obtained at final product concentrations exceeding 4 g/L.     

模拟微重力环境因子对人参细胞生长和人参皂苷含量的影响

与在正常重力条件培养下的对照相比,经回转器水平回转处理的人参细胞鲜重和干重均增加,人参皂苷含量提高１０％左右。在去Ｃａ６２＋培养基上生长的人参愈伤组织细胞,经回转器水平回转３周后,人参皂苷含量约为正常重力条件下培养细胞的倍。另外,在试验范围内,如果培养基中直始钙离子浓度越高,则其培养的人参细胞中人参皂苷含量越低。     

Effective release of ginseng saponin from suspension cells of Panax notoginseng

Suspension cells of Panax notoginseng were treated during cultivation with 1-10% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) to release an intracellular secondary metabolite ginseng saponin. The plant cells adapted to long-term DMSO treatment were enabled to excrete much more ginseng saponin into the medium with their high biological activity compared with those under short-term permeabilization. The highest amount of saponin secreted into the medium reached 136mg/l on day 24 for the cells successively (for 5 subcultures) treated with 1% DMSO.     

真菌诱导子对悬浮培养西洋参细胞的生理效应

报道了不同真菌诱导子对悬浮培养的西洋参（Ｐａｎａｘｑｕｉｎｑｕｅｆｏｌｉｕｍ）细胞生长、皂甙和多糖合成,以及细胞内和培养液中过氧化物酶活性的生理效应。悬浮培养的西洋参细胞经刺盘孢菌（Ｃｏｌｌｅｔｏｔｒｉｃｈｕｍｎｉｃｏｌｔｉａｎａｅ）丝体诱导子处理后,总皂甙产率可由对照的２９６ｍｇ／Ｌ增加到６７９ｍｇ／Ｌ（约占细胞干重的（１６．３％）,比对照提高约１．３倍,而且总皂甙的８５％排放在培养液中;经黑曲霉（Ａｓｐｅｒｇｉｌｌｕｓｎｉｇｒａｎ）诱导子处理后,细胞多糖含量可达到１１．７９％（细胞干重）,比对照增加１倍多。初步纯化的刺盘孢菌丝体诱导子和尖孢镰刀菌（Ｆｕｓｕｒｉｕｍｏｘｙｓｐｏｒｕｍ）滤液诱导子在诱导处理前期能明显促进西洋参细胞生长,同时细胞内及培养液中过氧化物酶活性显著增加;随时间延长,细胞生长和酶活性逐步受到抑制。