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The Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) will provide a unique tool to study moving objects throughout the solar system, creating massive catalogs of Near Earth Objects (NEOs), asteroids, Trojans, TransNeptunian Objects (TNOs), comets and planetary satellites with well-measured orbits and high quality, multi-color photometry accurate to 0.005 magnitudes for the brightest objects. In the baseline LSST observing plan, back-to-back 15-second images will reach a limiting magnitude as faint as r = 24.7 in each 9.6 square degree image, twice per night; a total of approximately 20,000 square degrees of the sky will be imaged in multiple filters, with revisits about every 3 nights over several months of each year.  相似文献   

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1 IntroductionAnimportantfractionoftheobservingtimeofthenewgenerationof 8~ 1 0mclasstelescopeswillbededicatedtostudieswhichaimatunderstandingthestellarcontentofexternalgalaxiesem bededindifferentenviroments .Mostoftheinformationwillcomethroughspectroscopi…  相似文献   

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The RadioAstron ground-space interferometer provides the highest angular resolution achieved now in astronomy. The detection of interferometric fringes from quasars with this angular resolution on baselines of 100–200 thousand km suggests the brightness temperatures which exceed the Compton limit by two orders of magnitude. Polarimetric measurements on ground-space baselines have revealed fine structure testifying to recollimation shocks on scales of 100–250 μas and a helical magnetic field near the base of radio emission in BL Lacertae. Substructure within a the scattering disk of pulsar emission on interferometer baselines (from 60000 to 250000 km) was discovered. This substructure is produced by action of the interstellar interferometer with an effective baseline of about 1 AU and the effective angular resolution of better than 1 μas. Diameters of scattering disks were measured for several pulsars, and distances to diffusing screens were evaluated. The ground-space observations of sources of the maser radiation in lines of water and hydroxyl have shown that the maser sources in star-forming regions remain unresolved on baselines, which considerably exceed the Earth diameter. These very compact and bright features with angular sizes of about 20–60 μas correspond to linear sizes of about 5–10 million km (several solar diameters).  相似文献   

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Interferometric observations are essential to probe the molecular emission in the inner cometary atmospheres and study the outgassing from the nucleus. Mapping the continuum emission can provide information about the dust and/or nucleus properties. We present here a summary of the observations of the dust and gas coma of comet 17P/Holmes and nuclear observations of 8P/Tuttle, both carried out with the IRAM interferometer at Plateau de Bure (PdBI) in 2007–2008. The observations of these two comets demonstrate the ability of the PdBI in terms of cometary science. In the near future, several improvements will be made (new receivers at 0.8 mm, a new wide-band correlator) allowing more frequent and more detailed studies of comets. On the long term, NOEMA, an expansion project, may add up to six antennas to the Plateau de Bure Interferometer, and increase the baseline lengths. Such an instrument would offer a complement to ALMA to track comets of the northern hemisphere with about half the sensitivity of ALMA for continuum studies.  相似文献   

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The design of detector systems for flight applications requires the consideration of a number of issues unique to space instrumentation. Flight detectors must endure hostile radiation environments and thermal extremes. Paramount importance is given to reliability since inflight replacement is at best difficult and usually impossible. Flight detectors are also significant cost and design drivers since they often determine key requirements for flight instruments such as volume, mass, power consumption, heat dissipation and communications budgets. In this paper we describe the primary concerns in developing flight detector systems, and review the challenges posed by future NASA and ESA space science missions for detector development.  相似文献   

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PMAS, the Potsdam Multi‐Aperture Spectrophotometer, is a new integral field instrument which was commissioned at the Calar Alto 3.5 m Telescope in May 2001. We report on results obtained from a science verification run in October 2001. We present observations of the low‐metallicity blue compact dwarf galaxy SBS0335‐052, the ultra‐luminous X‐ray Source X‐1 in the Holmberg II galaxy, the quadruple gravitational lens system Q2237+0305 (the “Einstein Cross”), the Galactic planetary nebula NGC7027, and extragalactic planetary nebulae in M31. PMAS is now available as a common user instrument at Calar Alto Observatory. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)  相似文献   

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虚拟天文台与科学教育   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
本文分析了我国科学教育的现状,并从对提高公众科学素养有明显优势的天文教育着手,探讨了基于虚拟天文台的天文教育在培养科学方法、态度和精神方面的优势,以及其对虚拟天文台建设的促进作用。  相似文献   

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Patsourakos  Spiros  Vial  Jean-Claude 《Solar physics》2002,208(2):253-281
We present the main current issues concerning prominence studies. We recall the large range of plasma parameters found in prominences which makes the work of the MHD modeler more difficult. We also summarize the capabilities of the SOHO instrumentation. We present and discuss the most recent SOHO results concerning the determination of temperature, densities, and velocities. We put some emphasis on the different morphologies observed, the diagnostic capabilities of the Lyman lines profiles when accompanied by improved non-LTE modeling, and the information gathered from the first prominence oscillations measured from space. We also make an account of eruptive prominences. We finally discuss what could be done with present and future SOHO data to improve our understanding of prominences.  相似文献   

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空间VLBI的研究现状   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
沈志强 《天文学进展》1998,16(2):117-134
评述了过去近三十年中空间VLBI的发展.其内容包括空间VLBI的简短发展历史,空间VLBI与地面VLBI的不同、空间VLBI的目前状况和空间VLBI的未来展望。着重介绍了作为首次空间VLBI的VSOP的各个方面情况,并给出了VSOP的连续谱、谱线普查样本,供参考。  相似文献   

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The SORCE Science Data System produces total solar irradiance (TSI) and spectral solar irradiance (SSI) data products on a daily basis, which are formulated using measurements from the four primary instruments onboard the SORCE spacecraft. The Science Data System utilizes raw spacecraft and instrument telemetry, calibration data, and other ancillary information to produce and distribute a variety of data products that have been corrected for all known instrumental and operational effects. SORCE benefits from a highly optimized object-oriented data processing system in which all data are stored in a commercial relational database system, and the software itself determines the versions of data products at run-time. This unique capability facilitates optimized data storage and CPU utilization during reprocessing activities by requiring only new data versions to be generated and stored. This paper provides an overview of the SORCE data processing system, details its design, implementation, and operation, and provides details on how to access SORCE science data products.  相似文献   

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The DEMETER Science Mission Centre   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
The DEMETER Scientific Mission Centre (SMC) has been developed and is operated by the Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l’Environnement (LPCE). The SMC commands the instruments of the scientific payload, collects and distributes DEMETER data and associated products to the DEMETER international community.The SMC has been designed to maximize scientific return and to reduce development and exploitation costs for the DEMETER project. This paper describes the SMC's data processing system, data server and methods of payload operation, and presents associated hardware and software architectures.  相似文献   

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The TMT Detailed Science Case describes the transformational science that the Thirty Meter Telescope will enable.Planned to begin science operations in 2024,TMT will open up opportunities for revolutionary discoveries in essentially every field of astronomy,astrophysics and cosmology,seeing much fainter objects much more clearly than existing telescopes.Per this capability,TMT’s science agenda fills all of space and time,from nearby comets and asteroids,to exoplanets,to the most distant galaxies,and all the way back to the very first sources of light in the universe.More than 150 astronomers from within the TMT partnership and beyond offered input in compiling the new 2015 Detailed Science Case.The contributing astronomers represent the entire TMT partnership,including the California Institute of Technology(Caltech),the Indian Institute of Astrophysics(IIA),the National Astronomical Observatories of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(NAOC),the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan(NAOJ),the University of California,the Association of Canadian Universities for Research in Astronomy(ACURA)and US associate partner,the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy(AURA).  相似文献   

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