快淬速度对Nd2Fe14B/α-Fe纳米晶双相复合稀土永磁材料相结构和磁性能的影响

采用熔体快淬法在不同快淬速度下制备了Nd8Fe86B6合金中Nd2Fe14B/α-Fe双相复合纳米晶薄带．用X射线衍射仪（XRD）和振动样品磁强计（VSM）测量了薄带的相结构和磁性能．结果表明：Nd8Fe86B6合金的最佳快淬速度为18m/s，在此条件下制备的合金薄带平均晶粒尺寸细小．综合磁性能好；合金薄带的平均晶粒尺寸为24．4nm，磁性能为Br=0．69T。Br/Bs=0．66。Hc=296．1kA/m．     

Fe-B-Si非晶合金晶化过程分析

采用DSC法测定了铁基非晶合金Fe_(78)B_(13)Si_9在连续加热条件下的晶化温度。并用透射电镜、X射线衍射仅、俄歇电子谱仪对Fe_(78)B_(13)Si_9非晶合金的淬态组织及晶化过程进行了较深入的研究。在淬态非晶合金中发现了极少量的晶化相FeAl_3。晶化过程中会出现二种形式的亚稳晶化相FeB和Fe_3B。最终得到的稳定晶化相为α-Fe(si)+Fe_2B+FeSi_2。     

非晶态Fe_(79)B_(16)Si_5合金退火脆化与晶化

本文研究了非晶态Fe_(79)B_(16)Si_5合金的退火脆化行为,分析了此合金的脆化规律;通过脆化温度、晶化温度、脆化与晶化激活能的测定,探讨了Fe_(79)B_(16)Si_5非晶态合金退火脆化与晶化之间的联系。     

非晶态合金(Fe_(100-x)M_x)_(83)B_(17)和Zr_(100-x)M_x的杨氏模量

用超声波脉冲透射技术获得了三元非晶态合金(Fe_(100-x)M_x)_(83)B_(17)和二元非晶态合金Zr_(100-x)M_x的声速,并确定了它们的杨氏模量。对于前者合金元素M指Cr,Mo,W,Zr和Co;对于后者指Fe,Ni和Co。文中讨论了声速与组分的原子百分数含量x之间的关系,并讨论了近程有序,合金元素密度以及不同尺寸原子之间的随机堆砌引起的致密化等对声速的影响。     

非晶合金短程序研究与回火条件的选取

用核磁共振和穆斯堡尔效应配合研究了Ｆｅ８４Ｂ１０Ｃ６非晶合金的短程序。探讨了用回火非晶合金来研究短程序时的最佳热处理条件。结果表明，在淬态非晶合金中存在体心四方的Ｆｅ３Ｂ和正交型的Ｆｅ３Ｂ两种短程序。当用晶化方法来研究非晶合金的短程序时，推荐采用较低的回火温度（略高於非晶合金的晶化开始温度）和短的回火时间。     

Ductile Fe-based amorphous alloys with high iron content

Fe-based amorphous alloys with high iron content of 76at%–80at% were synthesized in the Fe-Mo-Si-P-C-B alloy system by the single roller melt-spinning technique. The amorphous ribbons exhibit high Vickers microhardness and good ductility, which can be indented and bent 180° without breaking. A number of shear bands could be observed around the indents and the bending traces. Studies on the magnetic properties of the amorphous alloys show that they possess high saturation magnetizations of 1.34–1.6 T, which increases with the increase of iron content. The core losses of these Fe-based amorphous alloys at various magnetic inductions were tested and found to be significantly dependent on their components. The Fe-Mo-Si-P-C-B amorphous alloys with excellent mechanical properties and soft magnetic properties have promising potential in functional applications.     

Co66Ni6Fe6Cr1Si10B11的晶化动力学研究

本文通过用压力式膨胀仪对Co_(66)Ni_6Fe_6Cr_1Si_(10)B_(11)非晶合金进行了晶化动力学研究表明,晶化过程在膨胀曲线上反映清晰,有良好的再现性;其结果与热分析法、电阻法的结果相符合.晶化过程分三个阶段,在每一阶段的峰值温度时的晶化激活能分别为568×10~3、405.0×10~3和321.3×10~3J/mol,晶化相分别为Co(4F)、Fe_(4.5)Ni_(18.5)-B_e、FeSi_2、CO_2Si及一个尚未鉴定的相.     

Mssbauer Studies of the Atomic Short-Range Order (SRO) and the Electron Transfer in Amorphous TM-M Alloys

The Mossbauer spectra of amorphous alloys Fe_(80)B_(20)-_xM_x (M=P, C, Si, Ge) at room temperature and at 4.2 K have been measured. It is found that the mean values of the hyperfine field and the isomer shift vary linearly when M substitutes for B. According to these results and those of their crystalline counterparts, it is shown that there does not exist a microcrystalline short-range order in the amorphous alloys investigated and that thc 4s electrons of iron take part in lhe charge transfer.     

锰对铁基合金磁特性的影响

用穆斯堡尔谱对比X射线衍射和磁矩测量法研究5种铁基合金Fe₆₀Ni_40-xMn_x(x=0,5,10)和Fe₆₀N i_35-xMn_xCo₅(x=5,10)中Mn含量对合金磁特性的影响. 结果表明, 随着Mn含量的增加, 超精细场分布向低场转移, 磁态也由铁磁态向反铁磁态转变 , 得到了平均超精细场H_hf、 磁化强度M及相关Mossbauer参数随合 金试样平均电子浓度的变化关系.     

Ni_(82.5)Cr_7Si_(4.5)B_3Fe_3多元非晶态合金钎料的晶化行为及其真空钎焊特性

采用示差扫描量热计(DSC)和X射线衍射方法研究了Ni_(82.5)Cr_7Si_(4.5)B_3Fe_3多元非晶态合金钎料在加热时的晶化特性.实验指出:随加热速率的增大,其晶化特征温度逐渐提高,晶化前所需孕育时间延长,并且晶化后的二次相变过程消失;探讨了该钎料的真空钎焊工艺性能和钎焊接头力学性能,以及预晶化处理对它们的影响,并与相同成分的粉状和粘带状晶态钎料进行了系统的比较.研究结果指出:非晶态钎料在工艺性能方面与晶态钎料相当;在接头力学性能方面则表现为在较大和较小的钎焊间隙下非晶态钎料的钎焊接头性能明显高于晶态钎料.     

结构弛豫对铁基非晶合金退火脆化的影响

本文研究了铁基非晶合金 Fe_(78)B_(13)Si_9在退火过程中的延—脆转变行为,用等温加热的方法测定了 Fe_(78)B_(13)Si_9非晶合金的脆化时间、脆化温度和脆化激活能。用内耗法测定了 Fe_(78)B_(13)Si_9非晶合金结构弛豫温度范围及结构弛豫激活能。据脆化过程、晶化过程和结构弛豫过程温度范围和激活能的对比,认为 Fe_(78)B_(13)Si_9非晶合金的退火脆化与晶化无关。而与退火过程中的结构弛豫过程有关。     

激光诱导非晶Fe_(81.5)P_(18.4)Yb_(0.1)合金的结构相变

本文用透射电镜(TEM)和正电子湮没寿命谱(PAS)研究了XeCl准分子激光辐照Fe_(81.5)P_(18.4)Yb_(0.1)非晶合金的结构变化。结果发现,辐照后的非晶Fe_(81.5)P_(18.4)Yb_(0.1)合金内部有纳米微晶相析出,其平均晶粒尺寸为6nm。从而丰富了激光诱导非晶相变的理论和实际研究内容,同时也为非晶一纳米晶复相材料的研制和应用提供了有益的信息。     

铁基非晶合金的辐照性能

铁基非晶合金由于成本低较、易制备、较好的温度稳定性等优点,并具优异的机械性能、磁性能和耐腐蚀性能而被广泛研究.并且其固有的无序结构有助于抵抗辐照导致的损伤,使得铁基非晶合金可作为抗辐照材料使用.辐照既可以试验铁基非晶合金的性能也是优化铁基非晶合金结构和性能的有效方法.本文综述了铁基非晶合金中子辐照、离子辐照和电子辐照性能的研究进展,探讨了铁基非晶合金的结构和性能与非晶合金的成分以及辐照粒子的类型、能量、注量之间的关系,以及辐照晶化的机制,为进一步促进高性能铁基非晶合金的研究提供了有价值的参考.     

纳米复合材料(Nd0.7Dy0.3)8Fe87B5的磁性能和居里温度

采用单辊急冷法制备了(Nd0.7Dy0.3)8Fe87B5非晶薄带,经最佳热处理条件退火处理得到纳米复合永磁材料．采用振动样品磁强计测量常温下样品的磁滞回线以及经零场冷却和加场冷却的M—T曲线．测量结果表明,其退磁曲线部分表现出单一的硬磁性相特征,与不加Dy的Nd8Fe87B5样品相比矫顽力和剩磁比都有不同程度的提高,剩磁和磁能积稍有下降．复合材料(Nd0.7Dy0.3)8Fe87B5的居里温度达到603K,比单相Nd2Fe4B的居里温度提高了15K．     

Ga添加对纳米晶双相永磁材料Pr2(FeCo)14B/α-FeCo的磁化行为及晶间交换耦合作用的影响

用熔旋快淬法制备了各向同性的纳米晶双相永磁薄带Pr9Fe74Co12B5与Pr9Fe74Co12B5Ga.通过测量样品的起始磁化曲线、小回线及回复曲线,分析了样品中的磁化行为及晶间交换耦合作用.结果表明两样品中矫顽力机理均为畴壁钉扎型.Ga添加后富集于晶界处,使样品中畴壁钉扎型的矫顽力机理更加均匀,且钉扎程度加强,同时Ga添加降低了软磁相-αFeCo的晶粒尺寸使样品中晶间交换耦合作用显著增强.     

Corrosion-wear behavior of nanocrystalline Fe_(88)Si_(12) alloy in acid and alkaline solutions

The corrosion-wear behavior of a nanocrystalline Fe_(88)Si_(12) alloy disc coupled with a Si_3N_4 ball was investigated in acid(pH 3) and alkaline(pH 9) aqueous solutions. The dry wear was also measured for reference. The average friction coefficient of Fe_(88)Si_(12) alloy in the pH 9 solution was approximately 0.2, which was lower than those observed for Fe_(88)Si_(12) alloy in the pH 3 solution and in the case of dry wear. The fluctuation of the friction coefficient of samples subjected to the pH 9 solution also showed similar characteristics. The wear rate in the pH 9 solution slightly increased with increasing applied load. The wear rate was approximately one order of magnitude less than that in the pH 3 solution and was far lower than that in the case of dry wear, especially at high applied load. The wear traces of Fe_(88)Si_(12) alloy under different wear conditions were examined and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results indicated that the tribo-chemical reactions that involve oxidation of the worn surface and hydrolysis of the Si_3N_4 ball in the acid solution were restricted in the pH 9 aqueous solution. Thus, water lubrication can effectively improve the wear resistance of nanocrystalline Fe_(88)Si_(12) alloy in the pH 9 aqueous solution.     

低磁场下获得巨磁热效应的GdSiGeZn合金

在研究Gd5Si2-xGe2Znx,Gd5Si2-zGe2-zZn2z系列合金的等温磁熵变和居里温度时发现,Zn的微量变化对合金的磁热性能影响很大.当x或者2z为0.001时,在1.5 T外加磁场变化下,其最大等温磁熵变分别为20.70 J/(kg.K)(x=0.001)和25.30 J/(kg.K)(2z=0.001),居里温度分别为284 K(x=0.001)和280 K(2z=0.001),其磁热性能远高于没有添加Zn元素的合金(5.03 J/(kg.K)).实验证明,微量元素Zn对Gd5Si2Ge2化合物的合金化处理,可使其在低磁场下的磁热效应得到巨幅提高,其最大等温磁熵变优于文献报道的铸锭合金Gd5(Si1-yGey)4及其他添加元素(如Ga,Sn,Cu,B,Al,Bi,Co,Fe,Ni,Mn,C,H等)替代Si或Ge时在5 T高外加磁场变化下的等温磁熵变.     

反应热压法制备B4C基复合材料的烧结致密化研究

通过在B4C中添加Si3N4以及少量的SiC和TiC,在1 820~1 900℃,30 MPa的热压条件下反应生成了B4C基轻质复合材料,烧结助剂为(Al2O3+Y2O3)。结合材料的断口SEM形貌,分析讨论了烧结致密化过程,结果表明:在相同烧结温度下,随基体相B4C含量的增多,复合材料变得更难烧结;对同成分组成的复合材料来说,随着烧结温度的升高,最终得到的材料致密度有所提高。两步烧结过程中的降温保温阶段,有利于放热反应的彻底进行,使最终复相陶瓷组织中含有少量细小的TiB2和BN相,同时,放热反应可以维持致密化进程的继续进行,这对于提高复合材料的强度和韧性有利。     

Effect of Co addition on crystallization and magnetic properties of FeSiBPCu alloy

The effects of Co addition on the microstructure,crystallization processes and soft magnetic properties of(Fe1 xCox)83Si4B8P4Cu1(x?0.35,0.5,0.65)alloys were investigated.The experimental results demonstrated that the addition of Co decreased the thermal stability against crystallization of the amorphous phase,and thus improved the heat treatment temperature of this alloy.Fe Co Si BPCu nanocrystalline alloys with a dispersedα0-Fe Co phase were obtained by appropriately annealing the as-quenched ribbons at 763 K for 10 min.Theα0-Fe Co with grains size ranging from 9 to 28 nm was identified in primary crystallization.The coercivity(Hc)markedly increased with increasing x and exhibited a minimum value at x0.35,while the saturation magnetic flux density(Bs)shows a slight decrease.The(Fe0.65Co0.35)83Si4B8P4Cu1nanocrystalline alloy exhibited a high saturation magnetic flux density Bsof 1.68 T,a low coercivity,Hcof 5.4 A/m and a high effective permeability meof 29,000 at 1 k Hz.     

合金成分对Nd2Fe14B/α-Fe纳米双相复合稀土永磁材料结构和性能的影响

采用熔体直接快淬(DRQ)工艺制备了成分为NdxFe94-xB6(x=7,8,9,10at%)和Nd8Dy1Fe85-xNbxB6(x=0,0.5,1,1.5at%)两组合金的最佳快淬薄带.用X射线衍射(XRD)和振动样品磁强计(VSM)测量了薄带的相结构和磁性能.结果表明:NdxFe94-xB6(x=7,8,9,10)合金在x=8时综合磁性能最佳;同时添加少量的Dy和Nb元素,可有效的提高纳米双相复合永磁合金的磁性能.