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1.
以小球藻(Chlorella protothecoides)为出发菌株,优化鸡粪微生态分解及添加降解液促进微藻细胞生长和胞内油脂合成。通过控制溶解氧(DO)优化鸡粪微生态分解,获得高氮和低氮两种降解液。微藻培养过程分为细胞生长(0~120 h)和油脂合成(120~200 h)两个阶段,前期添加高氮降解液促进细胞生长,后期添加低氮降解液和葡萄糖补充氮源及能量过量合成油脂,实现细胞浓度和生物油脂产率最大化。C.protothecoides培养期间,0~120 h恒速流加(15 m L/(L·D))高氮降解液,120~200 h流加(15 m L/(L·D))低氮降解液和葡萄糖(1.5 g/(L·D)),培养结束(200h)时,油脂质量浓度高达5.28 g/L,分别比对照及不添加葡萄糖时油脂质量浓度增加74.8%和21.1%。结果表明,两阶段鸡粪降解液添加与葡萄糖再生ATP结合策略促进油脂合成是有效的。  相似文献   

2.
This study aimed at optimising the cultivation conditions for the production of carotenoids by Sporidiobolus salmonicolor (CBS 2636) in a bioreactor. The maximum content of total carotenoids in the full factorial design 22 was 3131.3 μg/L in synthetic medium with 80 g/L of glucose, 15 g/L of peptone, 5 g/L of malt extract, aeration of 1.5 vvm, agitation of 180 rpm, initial pH of 4.0 at 25 °C. In the kinetic study, we could observe that the bioproduction of carotenoids is associated with cell growth in the exponential phase, and the average specific growth (μ) in bioreactor is 0.046 h−1 with a maximum yield of 0.19 g cells/L h. The maximum yield of carotenoids (60.0 μg/Lh) is observed at 50-h bioproduction. The conversion factor for total organic carbon (TOC) in cells (YX/SCOT) was 2.97 g/g (0–50 h) and 0.254 g/g (50–100 h), the conversion factor glucose into cells (YX/Sglicose) was 0.168 g/g (0–100 h). The specific production of carotenoids (YP/X) was 390 μg of carotenoids per gram of cells, the conversion factor of carbon in the product (YP/SCOT) was 107.8 μg/g (0–50 h) and 34.4 μg/g (50–100 h), whereas the factor YP/Sglicose was 69.59 μg/g. The agitation and aeration provided better homogeneity in the culture medium, and hence greater availability of nutrients and oxygen, leading to higher production of carotenoids.  相似文献   

3.
To evaluate the potential of the green agla Chlorella zofingiensis as a feedstock for biodiesel production, the effects of nitrogen and phosphate on lipid accumulation and growth of C.?zofingiensis were studied. The maximum specific growth rate (μ(max)) reached 2.15?day(-1) when the concentration of NaNO(3) and K(2)HPO(4)·3H(2)O was 1.0?g?L(-1) and 0.01?g?L(-1), respectively. The lipid contents of C.?zofingiensis grown in media deficient of nitrogen (65.1%) or phosphate (44.7%) were both higher than that obtained from cells grown in full medium (33.5%). The highest lipid productivity (87.1?mg?L(-1)?day(-1)) was also obtained from cells grown in nitrogen deficient media, indicating nitrogen deficiency was more effective than phosphate deficiency for inducing lipid accumulation in C.?zofingiensis. In addition, the feasibility of cultivating the alga in 60?L flat plate photobioreactors and 10?L bottles outdoors for biodiesel was also tested. It was found that C.?zofingiensis could adapt to fluctuating temperatures and irradiance of outdoors and the highest μ(max) and lipid productivity could reach 0.362?day(-1) and 26.6?mg?L(-1) day(-)(1) outdoors, respectively. The lipid production potential of C.?zofingiensis is projected to be 31.1?kg?ha(-1)?day(-1) in outdoor culture. These results suggested that C.?zofingiensis is a promising organism for feedstock production of biofuel and can be used in scaled up culture outdoors.  相似文献   

4.
本研究在混养条件下,系统地比较了葡萄糖浓度、氮源种类以及不同碳氮比对色绿藻生物量和虾青素产率的作用规律。目的是在短时间内达到最高生物量同时获得较高含量的虾青素,为建立色绿藻高密度快速扩种和诱导积累虾青素应用技术提供科学依据。研究结果表明:在混养条件下,当葡萄糖浓度一定时,硝酸钠是细胞生长所需的最优氮源,6 d可达到最高生物量浓度9.23 g/L,平均比生长速率为0.24/d,虾青素产量为12.38 mg/L,虾青素占总类胡萝卜素的比例高达46.94%。至于不同碳氮比、葡萄糖浓度对色绿藻生物量和虾青素生产的影响,当葡萄糖浓度为30 g/L、C/N比为34为细胞生长的最优条件,生物量浓度最高为11.28 g/L,平均比生长速率高达0.32/d;虾青素含量显著优于其他组(p0.05),虾青素的产量为21.77 mg/L,虾青素占总类胡萝卜素的比例进一步提高到52.71%。本研究结果对于色绿藻高密度快速生长并积累大量虾青素的放大技术开发具有重要的指导意义。  相似文献   

5.
为提高小球藻胞内粗多糖得率,并探究小球藻胞内多糖纯化组分的抗氧化作用。本研究采取超声波破碎和热水浸提相结合的方法提取小球藻胞内粗多糖,利用响应面法进行提取条件优化,在此基础上,采用阴离子交换柱和葡聚糖凝胶柱层析对提取得到的粗多糖进行分离纯化,并进行结构表征和抗氧化试验。响应面结果显示,小球藻胞内粗多糖最优提取条件为:NaOH质量分数为2.0%,料液比为1:25(g/mL),超声功率为200 W,超声时间为20 min,提取温度为80 ℃,提取时间为1.5 h,在此条件下,小球藻胞内粗多糖的得率为18.086%±0.143%。结构表征和体外抗氧化结果显示,纯化多糖(Purification of intracellular polysaccharide,SCIP),主要由葡萄糖、鼠李糖及半乳糖成分组成,是一种含有糖醛酸的吡喃糖。其在20 mg/mL时,对1,1-二苯基-2-苦基肼(1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl,DPPH)自由基的清除率最大,为75.64%±1.56%,在25 mg/mL时,对羟基自由基清除率最大,为71.08%±0.58%,IC50分别6.42 mg/mL和8.59 mg/mL。研究结果为深入了解小球藻胞内多糖理化性质及小球藻多糖的开发利用提供基础。  相似文献   

6.
葛珍珍  王杰  周灿灿  余晓斌 《食品工业科技》2012,33(16):195-198,203
为了提高小球藻的生物量,对BG11培养基的成分进行了响应面优化。通过单因素实验筛选出了适合小球藻生长的最佳碳源、氮源分别为葡萄糖和尿素,并发现适量添加海绿素可显著促进小球藻的生长。利用Minitab软件设计Plackett-Burman实验筛选出了影响小球藻生长的三个最重要因子;通过Box-Behnken实验及响应面分析确定了三个因子的最佳浓度:磷酸氢二钾58mg/L,硫酸镁162mg/L,海绿素198μL/L。用优化后的培养基培养小球藻,48h后的藻细胞干重达10.09g/L,比优化前提高了61.2%,油脂及蛋白质产量分别达3.62和3.81g/L。  相似文献   

7.
研究了不同碳源及含量对粘性红酵母(Rhodotorula mucilaginosa)WP3生长及类胡萝卜素积累的影响。结果表明,在所研究的碳源中,葡萄糖有利于生长,而果糖有利于类胡萝卜素积累。在碳源含量为40 g/L,果糖和葡萄糖比例为7∶1,果糖含量为35 g/L,葡萄糖含量为5 g/L时,粘性红酵母WP3的生物量为7.94,类胡萝卜素产量达到556.84 μg/L,对粘性红酵母生长及类胡萝卜素合成有利。  相似文献   

8.
This work studied the cultivation conditions for the production of carotenoids by Sporidiobolus salmonicolor (CBS 2636) in a bioreactor. A Plackett–Burman design was used for the screening of the most important factors, followed by a complete second order design, to maximise the concentration of total carotenoids. The maximum concentration of 3425.9 μg L?1 of total carotenoids was obtained in a medium containing 80 g L?1 glucose, 15 g L?1 peptone and 5 g L?1 malt extract, with an aeration rate 1.5 vvm, 180 r.p.m., 25 °C and an initial pH of 4.0. Fermentation kinetics showed that the maximum concentration of total carotenoids was reached after 90 h of fermentation. Carotenoid bio‐production was partially associated with cell growth. The specific carotenoid production (YP/X) was 238 μg carotenoids/g cells, whereas YP/S (substrate to product yield) was 41.3 μg g?1. The specific growth rate (μx) was 0.045 h?1. The highest cell and total carotenoid productivity were 0.19 g L?1 h?1 and 56.9 μg L?1 h?1, respectively.  相似文献   

9.
本文研究了蛋白核小球藻(Chlorella pyrenoidosa,简称C. py)和二形栅藻(Scenedesmus dimorphus NIES-119,简称NIES-119)在异养生长中对蔗糖的耐受浓度,进而比较了对高浓度酵母发酵废水的细胞耐受性。结果表明,C. py和NIES-119在蔗糖浓度高达70 g/L的培养基中仍有高比生长速率(0.90 d-1和0.63 d-1),最大生物量浓度可达到3.37 g/L和2.84 g/L。酵母废水添加糖蜜后,COD可高达104~105 mg/L并伴随有总氮、总磷的高浓度,C. py和NIES-119在这类废水培养基中的最高比生长速率为0.43 d-1和0.42 d-1,最大生物量浓度可达到1.95 g/L和1.70 g/L,均极显著高于不加糖蜜的废水培养基中的最高值;同时,C. py对废水培养基中COD、总氮、总磷的最高去除率分别高达34.56%、20.00%和20.63%,NIES-119则分别高达21.46%、31.25%和16.11%。结果说明这两种微藻在耐受高浓度酵母废水、通过生长净化废水中都具有巨大潜力。  相似文献   

10.
为探究小球藻多糖硫酸化修饰对生物活性影响,本研究采用小球藻(Chlorella sp.22)为实验材料,提取胞内多糖经DEAE-52纤维素阴离子交换柱分离纯化得到纯化多糖HDB-1,对纯化多糖HDB-1进行硫酸化修饰得SHDB-1,对硫酸化修饰前后多糖进行抗氧化活性和抗肿瘤活性研究。结果表明,纯化组分HDB-1以α-呋喃糖为主。用三氧化硫-吡啶法对HDB-1进行硫酸化修饰得到SHDB-1,其取代度为1.046。抗氧化活性结果表明,HDB-1与SHDB-1的DPPH自由基清除率IC50(半抑制浓度)值分别为29.28 mg/mL和14.49 mg/mL,羟自由基清除率IC50值分别为36.75 mg/mL和28.59 mg/mL,可知SHDB-1抗氧化效果优于HDB-1。抗肿瘤结果表明,HDB-1及SHDB-1在1 mg/mL浓度下对细胞无毒性,HDB-1与SHDB-1的IC50值分别为960.16μg/mL及658.19μg/mL,可知SHDB-1抑制宫颈癌细胞Hela增殖效果优于HDB-1。以上结果表明,硫酸化修饰的小...  相似文献   

11.
供试的8种无机盐中,MgSO4的单因子效应最好,可促进噬夏孢欧文氏菌(Erwinia uredovora)的生长和类胡萝卜素合成。在供试的4种碳源中,葡萄糖是最适碳源。噬夏孢欧文氏菌不能利用无机氮源,在供试的有机氮源中以酵母膏最有利于类胡萝卜素合成。培养基中的含碳量保持在2.45~4.90g/L,含氮量保持在1.60~2.40g/L时,对噬夏孢欧文氏菌生长和类胡萝卜素合成均为有利,培养基的最适C:N为2.5:1。类胡萝卜素稳定性的初步实验证明,所得到的类胡萝卜素丙酮溶液在常温下稳定性较差,容易分解。高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定结果表明,从噬夏孢欧文氏菌细胞得到的天然色素成分比较复杂,在菌体中共检测到11种色素成分。  相似文献   

12.
The optimal temperature and pH for retinal production using metabolically engineered Escherichia coli in a 7-l fermentor were found to be 30°C and 7.0, respectively. The agitation speed was a critical factor for retinal production. The optimal agitation speed was 400 rpm (oxygen transfer coefficient, k(L)a, = 92 1/h) in batch culture and 600 rpm (k(L)a=148 1/h) in a fed-batch culture of glycerol. Span 80 was selected as a surfactant for retinal production in metabolically engineered E. coli because Span 80 had proven the most effective for increased retinal production among the tested surfactants. Under the optimal conditions in the fed-batch culture with 5 g/l Span 80, the cell mass and the concentration, content, and productivity of retinal were 24.7 g/l, 600 mg/l, 24.3mg/g-cells, and 18 mg l(-1)h(-1) after 33 h, respectively. They were 1.2-, 2.7-, 2.3-, and 2.7-fold higher than those in the fed-batch culture without Span 80, respectively. The concentration and productivity of retinal in this study were the highest ever reported. The hydrophilic portion of Span 80 (sorbitan) did not affect cell growth and retinal production, but the hydrophobic portion (oleic acid) stimulated cell growth. However, oleic acid plus sorbitan did not stimulate retinal production. Thus, Span 80, as a linked compound of oleic acid and sorbitan produced by esterification, proved to be an effective surfactant for the enhancement of retinal production.  相似文献   

13.
高产类胡萝卜素红酵母的筛选及其发酵条件   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2       下载免费PDF全文
通过对数株红酵母培养后发酵液中菌体生物量及类胡萝卜素含量的测定比较,从中选出了1株产类胡萝卜素能力较强的红酵母RY-98;研究了该菌株产类胡萝卜素的最适碳源和氮源,并对其主要营养与环境条件进行了选择及优化,获得了最佳发酵条件葡萄糖40g/L、(NH  相似文献   

14.
Tissue culture and mycorrhiza applications can provide disease‐free seedlings and enhanced nutrient absorption, respectively, for organic farming. Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) is rich in phytochemicals and has various health‐protective potentials. This study was aimed at determining effects of tissue culture and mycorrhiza applications alone or in combinations in organic farming on phytochemical contents (total phenolics and flavonoids [TP and TF, respectively], gingerol and shogaol homologues, phenolic acids, and carotenoids) and antioxidant capacities (DPPH [2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl] radical scavenging, oxygen radical absorbance (ORAC), and iron‐chelating capacities [ICC]) in solvent‐extractable (Free) and cell‐wall‐matrix‐bound (Bound) fractions of ginger rhizome and Free fraction of the leaves in comparison with non‐organics. Concentrations of the phytochemicals and antioxidant capacities, except for carotenoids and ICC, were significantly higher in organic ginger rhizomes and leaves than in non‐organics regardless of the fractions and treatments (P < 0.05). Mycorrhiza application in organic farming significantly increased levels of TP, TF, gingerols, and ORAC in the Free fraction of the rhizome (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the combined application of tissue culture and mycorrhiza significantly increased concentrations of TF and gingerols and ORAC in the Free fraction of the rhizome (P < 0.05), suggesting their synergistic effects. Considerable amounts of phenolics were found in the Bound fractions of the rhizomes. Six‐gingerol, ferulic acid, and lutein were predominant ones among gingerols, phenolic acids, and carotenoids, respectively, in ginger rhizomes. The results suggest that organic farming with mycorrhiza and tissue culture applications can increase concentrations of phytochemicals and antioxidant capacities in ginger rhizomes and leaves and therefore improve their health‐protective potentials.  相似文献   

15.
肖雪花 《中国油脂》2021,46(1):132-136
以富油蛋白核小球藻为出发藻株,研究自养、异养和混养培养模式对小球藻生物量和油脂含量的影响,以及异养发酵培养基葡萄糖质量浓度、氮源种类及质量浓度对小球藻生长的影响。结果表明,与自养和混养培养模式相比,采用异养发酵方式培养蛋白核小球藻可获得最大的生物量和油脂含量。通过气相色谱法测得异养蛋白核小球藻油主要脂肪酸为棕榈酸(36.07%)、油酸(34.26%)、亚油酸(20.17%)和亚麻酸(6.12%)。经单因素试验优化得到最适蛋白核小球藻生长异养发酵培养基的葡萄糖质量浓度为60 g/L,最适的氮源为酵母粉,质量浓度为4 g/L,在此条件下经192 h发酵,蛋白核小球藻生物量可达12.43 g/L,油脂产量为5.45 g/L。研究结果表明,异养发酵培养获得的蛋白核小球藻油是一种潜在且可再生的新油源。  相似文献   

16.
光合细菌ZY2159菌株发酵生产类胡萝卜素研究   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
本研究探讨了发酵培养条件对红杆菌类胡萝卜素突变株ZY2159菌株细胞生长与类胡萝卜素生物合成的影响。结果表明,在温度30℃,光照2000lux,接种量10%,70%装样量,Fe3+为15mg/L条件下,在5L发酵罐培养ZY2159菌株6d可以获得最大生物量和最高类胡萝卜素生物合成量,菌体得率为15.4g/L,类胡萝卜素产量达50.9mg/L。HPLC色素分析显示,该菌株产β-胡萝卜素,占类胡萝卜素总量的22.3%。  相似文献   

17.
The characteristics of cell growth, lactic acid production, amino acid release and consumption by single-strain cultures of lactic acid bacteria (isolated from kefir grains), and by a multiple-strain kefir starter prepared from them, were studied. The change in the levels of free amino acids was followed throughout the kefir process: single-strain kefir bacteria and the kefir starter (Lactococcus lactis C15-1%+Lactobacillus helveticus MP12-3%+(Streptococcus thermophilus T15+Lactobacillus bulgaricus HP1 = 1:1)-3%) were cultivated in pasteurized (92 degrees C for 20 min) cow's milk (3% fat content) at 28 degrees C for 5 h (the kefir starter reached pH 4.7) and subsequently grown at 20 degrees C for 16 h; storage was at 4 degrees C for 168 h. The strain L. helveticus MP12 was unrivaled with respect to free amino acid production (53.38 mg (100 g)(-1)) and cell growth (17.8 x 10(8) CFU ml(-1)); however, it manifested the lowest acidification activity. L. bulgaricus HP1 released approximately 3.7 times less amino acids, nearly 5 times lower cell growth, and produced about 1.2 times more lactic acid. S. thermophilus T15 demonstrated dramatically complex amino acid necessities for growth and metabolism. With L. lactis C15, the highest levels of growth and lactic acid synthesis were recorded (18.3 x 10(8) CFU ml(-1) and 7.8 g l(-1) lactic acid at the 21st hour), and as for free amino acid production, it approximated L. bulgaricus HP1 (17.03 mg (100 g)(-1) maximum concentration). In the L. lactis C15 culture, the amino acids were used more actively throughout the first exponential growth phase (by the 10th hour) than during the second growth phase. The unique properties of the L. helveticus MP12 strain to produce amino acids were employed to create a symbiotic bioconsortium kefir culture, which, under conditions of kefir formation, enhanced lactic acid production and shortened the time required to reach pH 4.7; intensified cell growth activity, resulting in a respective 90- and 60-fold increase in the concentration of lactobacilli and cocci in the mixed culture compared to individual cultures; and accumulated free amino acids in the final kefir with higher total concentrations (56.88 mg (100 g)(-1)) and an individual concentration of essential amino acids (1.5 times) greater than that of yogurt.  相似文献   

18.
本文以酿酒酵母(Saccharomy cescerevisiae)为模式生物,研究了高糖培养条件对酿酒酵母的生长、抗氧化酶活性及海藻糖、甘油代谢的影响。结果表明:当葡萄糖浓度达到40%时,酿酒酵母生长的对数期延长,对酿酒酵母的生长产生了抑制作用。酿酒酵母在培养4~10 h范围内四组酿酒酵母细胞(20 g/L葡萄糖组、40 g/L葡萄糖组、60 g/L葡萄糖组和80 g/L葡萄糖组)内海藻糖的积累随着胁迫时间的增加发生显著变化(P<0.05),海藻糖的积累量呈先升高后下降的趋势,在8 h时高糖组海藻糖积累量均达到一个最高点,胞内海藻糖的浓度最高达到0.0955 mg/mL。在不同葡萄糖浓度胁迫下,酵母细胞胞内外甘油的积累随着时间增加呈现出先上升后下降的趋势,但是胞内甘油的积累量在80 g/L葡萄糖浓度时达到最高,而胞外甘油的积累量在60 g/L葡萄糖浓度时达到最高。这些结果说明在高糖胁迫下甘油和海藻糖是酿酒酵母的主要相容性溶质。另外,高糖处理后,与对照组相比,高糖组酿酒酵母胞内超氧化物歧化酶(Superoxide Dismutase,SOD)、过氧化氢酶(Catalase,CAT)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性均显著升高(P<0.05),说明这些抗氧化物酶活性物质对维持有机体胞内正常渗透压起到关键作用。该研究结果将为今后研究酿酒酵母耐高糖渗透压方面提供理论依据。  相似文献   

19.
The production of Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells enriched with copper and the effects of adding copper ions to different media on yeast cell growth and ethanol production were studied. In the media Cu(2+) concentrations of up to 0.094 mM had no effect on alcoholic fermentation, whereas higher Cu(2+) concentrations markedly decreased yeast cell growth rate and ethanol production. Under static conditions, the maximum amounts of copper uptake (i.e., 1.16 mg/g, 1.2 mg/g and 0.81 mg/g dry matter yeast biomass for glucose, sucrose and molasses media, respectively) were obtained after 8 h of fermentation, whereas under dynamic conditions smaller amounts of copper uptake (i.e., 0.98 mg/g, 1.02 mg/g and 0.7 mg/g dry matter yeast biomass for glucose, sucrose and molasses media, respectively) were obtained after 6 h of fermentation.  相似文献   

20.
马永强  韩烨  张凯  王鑫  王峙力 《食品科学》2021,42(17):170-176
目的:探讨甜玉米芯多糖(sweet corncob polysaccharide,SCP)组分SCP-80-I对胰岛素抵抗HepG2(insulin resistant HepG2,IR-HepG2)细胞糖代谢功能的影响。方法:确立IR-HepG2细胞模型建立的最佳条件,并由此建立IR-HepG2细胞模型;分别以50、100、200、400 μg/mL剂量的SCP-80-I孵育细胞24 h,评价其对细胞葡萄糖消耗的影响,同时利用噻唑蓝法评价其细胞毒性;检测氧化应激标志物超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)、丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)及活性氧(reactive oxygen species,ROS)的水平,测定细胞内糖原积累水平及糖酵解关键限速酶己糖激酶(hexokinase,HK)、丙酮酸激酶(pyruvate kinase,PK)的活力。结果:确立以1×10-6 mol/L胰岛素处理24 h作为诱导IR-HepG2细胞形成的最佳条件,并成功建立IR-HepG2细胞模型;在孵育实验中,SCP-80-I能极显著增加IR-HepG2细胞的葡萄糖摄取量(P<0.01),细胞活力随SCP-80-I质量浓度的增加呈先上升后下降的趋势;200 μg/mL SCP-80-I处理组与模型对照组相比,胞内MDA含量极显著下降,SOD活力极显著提高,ROS水平极显著下降(P<0.01);胞内糖原含量极显著增加(P<0.01),HK与PK活力极显著增加(P<0.01)。结论:推测SCP-80-I的降血糖功效与其缓解氧化应激所造成的肝脏细胞损伤,改善胰岛素抵抗肝脏细胞的糖代谢功能有关。  相似文献   

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